chapter 2: properties of matter section 3: properties are used to identify substances
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 2: Properties of Matter
Section 3: Properties are used to identify substances
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Review
Matter can physically change from one state to another.
The processes of these changes include:
* Melting * Freezing
* Evaporation * Boiling
* Condensation * Sublimation
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Identifying unknown substances.
You can measure the unknown substance by measuring the physical properties, such as:
Heating Electric Properties
Density Magnetic Properties
Solubility
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Magnetic Properties
Some properties are attracted to magnets, but others are not. You can use magnets to separate metals from non-metals.
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Electric Properties
Some substances conduct electricity better than others. With proper equipment, scientists can test the electric conductivity of an unknown substance.
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Density
The densities of wood, plastic, and steel are all different. Scientists already determined the densities of many substances, so as a result you can compare the density of an unknown substance with the densities of a known substance.
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Solubility and Heating Properties
Solubility is a measure of how much a substance dissolves in a given volume of a liquid.
Substances respond to heating in different ways. Some warm up quickly while others take a long time to heat up. This describe a substance’s heating property.
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10 Signs of a Chemical Change
1) Bubbles/Gas Forms2) Precipitate forms3) Color Change4) Temperature changes5) Light Production6) Volume Change 7) Electrical conductivity Change8) Melting/boiling point Change9) Smell/Taste Change10) Change in any chemical/physical property
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Color Change
A change in color is a good indication that one substance has chemically changed into another substance.
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Precipitate Formation
A Precipitate is a substance that had precipitated or separated from a solution. It has chemically separated from the solution.
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Bubble/Gas FormationAnother sign of a
chemical reaction is when bubbles are formed.
Example: Baking Soda and Vinegar
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Light Production
When light is emitted, it is another sign of a chemical change.
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color, odor, texture, density, boiling point, freezing point
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B; It has physical properties like those of water, while A does not.
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Some substances are attracted to magnets, while others are not.
Some substances warm up quickly, while others do not.
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because mass only depends on how much of the object there is, not the substance of the object directly
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A magnet can be used to separate steel from aluminum.A filter can be used to separate a solid from a liquid.Evaporation can be used to separate sugar from water.
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You could use a scoop with holes to pick up the nails, and the sawdust would fall through, like a kind of filter. You could use a magnet to pick up the nails.