Statistics refers to numerical facts.Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analysing, and interpreting data to assist in making more effective decisions.Descriptive Statistics - Consists of methods of organizing, summarizing and displaying, and describing data by using tables, graphs and present the information in a convenient usable and comprehensible form.Inferential Statistics - Consists of methods that use sample results to make decisions or predictions about a population.Population - Consists of all elements whose characteristics are being studied.Sample - A portion of the population selected for study.Element/Member - a specific subject or object about which the information is collected.Variable - characteristics under study that assumes different value for different elements.Observation/Measurement - value of a variable for an elementData set - collection of observations on one or more variables.Quantitative Variables - A variable that can be measured numerically.a. Discrete variable - A variable whose values are countable.b. Continuous variable - A variable that can assume any numerical value over a certain interval.Qualitative Variables - A variable that cannot assume numerical value but can be classified into two or more non-numeric categories.Raw Data - Data recorded in the sequence in which they are collected and before they are processed or ranked.