chapter 2: cinematography copyright © allyn and bacon 2007 this multimedia product and its contents...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 2: CinematographyChapter 2: Cinematography
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:law. The following are prohibited by law:any public performance or display, including transmission of any image any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Collaboration and previsualizationCollaboration and previsualization
Cinematographer and DirectorCinematographer and Director References in other visual fieldsReferences in other visual fields
ArchitectureArchitecture PaintingPainting PhotographyPhotography Other filmsOther films
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Film StockFilm Stock
Selection enables cinematographer to Selection enables cinematographer to controlcontrol Color reproductionColor reproduction Light sensitivityLight sensitivity Contrast levelsContrast levels SharpnessSharpness Grain and resolutionGrain and resolution
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Aspect RatioAspect Ratio
Classical Hollywood ratio (1.33:1)Classical Hollywood ratio (1.33:1) Widescreen ratios (1.85:1, 2.35:1)Widescreen ratios (1.85:1, 2.35:1)
Anamorphic widescreenAnamorphic widescreen Super 35 (Variable ratios)Super 35 (Variable ratios)
NonanamorphicNonanamorphic Video conversionVideo conversion
Pan-and-scanPan-and-scan Letterbox (hard matte)Letterbox (hard matte)
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Lighting DesignLighting Design
Realistic lightingRealistic lighting Simulates a source visible on screenSimulates a source visible on screen
PracticalPractical
Pictorial lightingPictorial lighting Emphasizes visual effects more than source Emphasizes visual effects more than source
simulationsimulation Thematic symbolismThematic symbolism
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Hard and Soft LightHard and Soft Light
Hard lightHard light DirectionalDirectional High contrast, fast falloffHigh contrast, fast falloff
Soft lightSoft light Diffuse, non-directionalDiffuse, non-directional Slow falloff, lower contrastSlow falloff, lower contrast
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Lighting set-ups: High and Low KeyLighting set-ups: High and Low Key
Classic 3-point lighting:Classic 3-point lighting: Key, fill, back lightsKey, fill, back lights
High key:High key: Low ratio between key and fillLow ratio between key and fill Even illumination, few shadowsEven illumination, few shadows
Low key:Low key: High ratio between key and fillHigh ratio between key and fill Large areas of frame left underexposedLarge areas of frame left underexposed Shadows Shadows
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Lighting ContinuityLighting Continuity
Continuity across shotsContinuity across shots Stylistic limitationsStylistic limitations Shooting on locationShooting on location
Continuity within shotsContinuity within shots Camera movementCamera movement
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Functions of Color CinematographyFunctions of Color Cinematography
Convey symbolic meaningConvey symbolic meaning Establish narrative organizationEstablish narrative organization Convey mood and toneConvey mood and tone
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Cinematography and Digital EffectsCinematography and Digital Effects
Digital IntermediateDigital Intermediate Digital gradingDigital grading
Compositing of live action and digital effectsCompositing of live action and digital effects Cinematography provides the live action componentsCinematography provides the live action components
Motion control cameraworkMotion control camerawork Greenscreening Greenscreening
Computer-generated images (CGI)Computer-generated images (CGI)
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007
Visual Style and Design QuotationsVisual Style and Design Quotations
Repetition of visual conventionsRepetition of visual conventions Lighting conventionsLighting conventions Color designsColor designs Shot innovationsShot innovations
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007