chapter 2: cinematography copyright © allyn and bacon 2007 this multimedia product and its contents...

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Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

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Page 1: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Chapter 2: CinematographyChapter 2: Cinematography

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:law. The following are prohibited by law:any public performance or display, including transmission of any image any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Page 2: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Collaboration and previsualizationCollaboration and previsualization

Cinematographer and DirectorCinematographer and Director References in other visual fieldsReferences in other visual fields

ArchitectureArchitecture PaintingPainting PhotographyPhotography Other filmsOther films

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 3: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Film StockFilm Stock

Selection enables cinematographer to Selection enables cinematographer to controlcontrol Color reproductionColor reproduction Light sensitivityLight sensitivity Contrast levelsContrast levels SharpnessSharpness Grain and resolutionGrain and resolution

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 4: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Aspect RatioAspect Ratio

Classical Hollywood ratio (1.33:1)Classical Hollywood ratio (1.33:1) Widescreen ratios (1.85:1, 2.35:1)Widescreen ratios (1.85:1, 2.35:1)

Anamorphic widescreenAnamorphic widescreen Super 35 (Variable ratios)Super 35 (Variable ratios)

NonanamorphicNonanamorphic Video conversionVideo conversion

Pan-and-scanPan-and-scan Letterbox (hard matte)Letterbox (hard matte)

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 5: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Lighting DesignLighting Design

Realistic lightingRealistic lighting Simulates a source visible on screenSimulates a source visible on screen

PracticalPractical

Pictorial lightingPictorial lighting Emphasizes visual effects more than source Emphasizes visual effects more than source

simulationsimulation Thematic symbolismThematic symbolism

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 6: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Hard and Soft LightHard and Soft Light

Hard lightHard light DirectionalDirectional High contrast, fast falloffHigh contrast, fast falloff

Soft lightSoft light Diffuse, non-directionalDiffuse, non-directional Slow falloff, lower contrastSlow falloff, lower contrast

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 7: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Lighting set-ups: High and Low KeyLighting set-ups: High and Low Key

Classic 3-point lighting:Classic 3-point lighting: Key, fill, back lightsKey, fill, back lights

High key:High key: Low ratio between key and fillLow ratio between key and fill Even illumination, few shadowsEven illumination, few shadows

Low key:Low key: High ratio between key and fillHigh ratio between key and fill Large areas of frame left underexposedLarge areas of frame left underexposed Shadows Shadows

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 8: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Lighting ContinuityLighting Continuity

Continuity across shotsContinuity across shots Stylistic limitationsStylistic limitations Shooting on locationShooting on location

Continuity within shotsContinuity within shots Camera movementCamera movement

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 9: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Functions of Color CinematographyFunctions of Color Cinematography

Convey symbolic meaningConvey symbolic meaning Establish narrative organizationEstablish narrative organization Convey mood and toneConvey mood and tone

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 10: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Cinematography and Digital EffectsCinematography and Digital Effects

Digital IntermediateDigital Intermediate Digital gradingDigital grading

Compositing of live action and digital effectsCompositing of live action and digital effects Cinematography provides the live action componentsCinematography provides the live action components

Motion control cameraworkMotion control camerawork Greenscreening Greenscreening

Computer-generated images (CGI)Computer-generated images (CGI)

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007

Page 11: Chapter 2: Cinematography Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are

Visual Style and Design QuotationsVisual Style and Design Quotations

Repetition of visual conventionsRepetition of visual conventions Lighting conventionsLighting conventions Color designsColor designs Shot innovationsShot innovations

Copyright © Allyn and Bacon 2007