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Chapter 19- World War IIReview

alliance between Mussolini and HitlerRome-Berlin Axis

agreement between Hitler and StalinNazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

no weapons or fortifications permitteddemilitarized

policy of satisfying reasonable demands in exchange for peaceappeasement

Hitler’s “lightning war,” using air-supported panzer divisionsblitzkrieg

site of Allies’ D-Day invasionNormandy, France

the German air forceLuftwaffe

target of Japanese attack December 7, 1941Pearl Harbor

leader of the German SSHeinrich Himmler

crowded, designated containment or holding areas within cities for Jewsghettos

Hitler’s largest extermination center in PolandAuschwitz

the mass slaughter of European civilians, especially JewsHolocaust

assembling and preparing for warmobilization

“divine wind”kamikaze

British name for German air raidsblitz

postwar ideological conflict between the United States and the USSRCold War

Hitler was confident that the Western states who had signed the Treaty of _________ would not use force to maintain it.

Hitler was confident that the Western states who had signed the Treaty of Versailles would not use force to maintain it.

Hitler demanded, and was given the ___________, an area in northwestern Czechoslovakia.

Hitler demanded, and was given the Sudetenland, an area in northwestern Czechoslovakia.

Great Britain’s policy of ____________ toward Germany was based on the belief that the satisfaction of reasonable demands would maintain peace in Europe.

Great Britain’s policy of appeasement toward Germany was based on the belief that the satisfaction of reasonable demands would maintain peace in Europe.

__________________ boasted that the Munich Conference meant “peace for our time.”

Neville Chamberlain boasted that the Munich Conference meant “peace for our time.”

Two days after Hitler’s invasion of ______, Britain and France declared war on Germany.

Two days after Hitler’s invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany.

Hitler planned to conquer the ___________ in order to secure land and Slavic slaves to strengthen the Reich.

Hitler planned to conquer the Soviet Union in order to secure land and Slavic slaves to strengthen the Reich.

The Battle of _________ was a crushing defeat for Germany because the entire German Sixth Army, considered the best of the German troops, was lost.

The Battle of Stalingrad was a crushing defeat for Germany because the entire German Sixth Army, considered the best of the German troops, was lost.

In 1940, Japan was forced to decide which it needed more, __________’s raw materials or ___ oil and scrap iron.

In 1940, Japan was forced to decide which it needed more, Manchuria’s raw materials or U.S. oil and scrap iron.

Japan had conquered Southeast Asia during World War II using the slogan “_______________”

Japan had conquered Southeast Asia during World War II using the slogan “Asia for Asiatics.”

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the U.S. Pacific fleet at ___________.

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the U.S. Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor.

The Battle of _______ Island was the turning point of the war in the Pacific.

The Battle of Midway Island was the turning point of the war in the Pacific.

In order to address labor shortages during the war, Japan brought in _______ and _______ laborers.

In order to address labor shortages during the war, Japan brought in Chinese and Korean laborers.

Truman wanted to avoid an invasion of _____ because he believed that Americans would suffer heavy losses.

Truman wanted to avoid an invasion of Japan because he believed that Americans would suffer heavy losses.

The slaughter of European civilians, particularly European Jews, by the Nazis became known as the _________.

The slaughter of European civilians, particularly European Jews, by the Nazis became known as the Holocaust.

The _____________ were special strike forces charged with the task of rounding up and killing the Jews.

The Einsatzgruppen were special strike forces charged with the task of rounding up and killing the Jews.

When the Einsatzgruppen proved to be too slow for the Nazis, they built special extermination camps in ______.

When the Einsatzgruppen proved to be too slow for the Nazis, they built special extermination camps in Poland.

Some people did not believe or acknowledge the full horrors of Hitler’s slaughter of civilians for all of these reasons; World War I ___________ had exaggerated German atrocities, some people pretended not to_____, and Allied forces chose to focus on ______________.

Some people did not believe or acknowledge the full horrors of Hitler’s slaughter of civilians for all of these reasons; World War I propaganda had exaggerated German atrocities, some people pretended not to notice and Allied forces chose to focus on winning the war.

At Yalta, the Big Three of the Grand Alliance included, _______ ________, ___________________, & ____________.

At Yalta, the Big Three of the Grand Alliance included, Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, & Joseph Stalin.

At Yalta, the Big Three all insisted that Germany surrender _____________.

At Yalta, the Big Three all insisted that Germany surrender unconditionally.

At the Yalta Conference, the Allies agreed to the establishment of a ______________ organization after the war.

At the Yalta Conference, the Allies agreed to the establishment of a United Nations organization after the war.

At the Tehran Conference, Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill agreed to a _______ of postwar Germany.

At the Tehran Conference, Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill agreed to a partition of postwar Germany.

At the Potsdam Conference, Truman demanded ___________ governments throughout Eastern Europe.

At the Potsdam Conference, Truman demanded freely elected governments throughout Eastern Europe.

_____ wanted to create a buffer to protect the Soviet Union from the West by creating satellite, pro-Soviet state governments.

Stalin wanted to create a buffer to protect the Soviet Union from the West by creating satellite, pro-Soviet state governments.

The _________ was the period of political tension following World War II.

The Cold War was the period of political tension following World War II.