chapter 19 protists key concept animal-like protist are single-celled heterotrophs that can move
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 19 Protists
Animal-like protists move in various ways.
• Animal-like protists are often called protozoa.
macronucleus
food vacuole
oral groove
micronucleus
contractile vacuole
cilia
Chapter 19 Protists
• Protozoa that move with flagella are zooflagellates.
– flagella are an extension of the cytoplasm– help zooflagellates swim – some cause disease while others are beneficial to an
organism (i.e help termites digest wood).– more than 2000 zooflagellates
Chapter 19 Protists
• Some protists move with pseudopods (false foot).– change shape as they move – amoebas
Chapter 19 Protists
• Amoebas use their pseudopod. (“false foot.”) to move and to eat!
• They do this by engulfing and digesting particles
• This process is called phagocytosis
Chapter 19 Protists
• Some protozoa move with cilia.
macronucleus
food vacuole
oral groove
micronucleus
contractile vacuole
cilia
– cilia are short, hair-like structures that cover the surface of the cell –cilia help protists swim and capture food– more than 8000 types of ciliates
Chapter 19 Protists
• Paramecium is very common in fresh water ponds
macronucleus
food vacuole
oral groove
micronucleus
contractile vacuole
cilia
– cilia help paramecium swim and capture food
– food particles are swept in to the oral groove by the cilia
– a food vacuole forms at the end of the gullet and is digested by enzymes
– the contractile vacuole pumps water out of the cell
–They have multiple nuclei – a macronucleus and many small micronuclei
gullet
Chapter 19 Protists
Some animal-like protists cause disease.
• Protists cause some well-known infectious diseases.
sporozoiteshuman liver
liver cells
developedparasites
red bloodcells
• Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and spread by
mosquitoes. • Sleeping sickness is caused
by Trypanosoma and spread by flies.
• A giardia infection is caused by Giardia and spread
through water. Malaria Infection
19.1 Diversity of Protists
The following three slides were not in your reading material. Make sure you take notes.
Chapter 19 Protists
• Euglenoids are a large group of plantlike protists.
pellicle
nucleus
chloroplast
eye spot
contractilevacuole
flagellum
– mostly photosynthetic – some heterotrophic – single-celled – one or two flagella
19.4 Funguslike Protists
Slime molds and water molds are funguslike protists.
• Slime molds have both funguslike and animallike traits.– decomposers, like fungi – can move, like animals