CHAPTER 18:DISAPPOINTMENTS IN MADRID, 1890 - 91

• Early in August, 1890 – Rizal arrived in Madrid. He tried all legal means to seek justice for his family and the Calamba tenants, but to no avail. He almost fought to duels – one with Antonio Luna and the other to Wenceslao E. Retana. Leonor Rivera married a British Engineer (Henry Kipping)

• Rizal’s Misfortunes in Madrid:- FAILURE TO GET JUSTICE FOR FAMILYAsociacion Hispano – FilipinaLiberal Spanish newspapers (La Justicia, El Globo, La Republica, El resumen, etc).M. H. Del Pilar – acted as his lawyer.Dr. Dominador Gomez – secretary of Asociacion Hispano – Filipina.Minister of Colonies (SeñorFabie)Gen. ValerioWeyler & Dominicans

- MORE TERRIBLE NEWS REACHED RIZAL IN MADRID

From Silvestre Ubaldo, he received a copy of the ejectment order by the Dominicans against Francisco Rizal and other Calamba tenants. From Saturnina, he learned of the deportation of Paciano, Antonio Lopez, Silvestre Ubaldo, Teong, and Dandoy to Mindoro. His parents were forcibly ejected from their home and were then living in the house of

Narcisa.-RIZAL’S EULOGY TO PANGANIBAN

Jose Ma. Panganiban – his friend and his talented co-worker in the propaganda.August 19, 1890 – date of the death of

Jose Ma. Panganiban because of a lingering illness.

JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN - Itinago ang tunay na

pangalan sailalim ng sagisag

na JOMAPA

- Kilala sa pagkakaroon ng

“MEMORIA FOTOGRAFICA”

- Kabilang sa mga Kilusang Makabayan

MGA AKDA NI JOMAPA: • ANG LUPANG TINUBUAN• SA AKING BUHAY • SU PLAN DE ESTUDIO• EL PENSAMIENTO

- ABORTED DUEL WITH ANTONIO LUNA End of August, 1890 – Rizal attended a social reunion of the Filipinos in Madrid. Antonio Luna became drunk. Luna was bitter because of his frustrated romance with Nellie Boustead. He was blaming Rizal for his failure. Luna uttered certain unsavory remarks for Nellie. Rizal heard him and challenge for a duel.

The Filipinos were shocked of the incident. They tried to pacify Rizal and Luna, pointing out to both that such a duel would damage their cause in Spain. Luna, when he became sober, realized that he had made a fool and he apologized to Rizal.

 RIZAL CHALLENGES RETANA TO DUELWenceslao E. Retana , the bitter enemy of Rizal in pen. Attacked Filipinos including Rizal, in various newspaper in Madrid La Epoca – ananti- Filipino newspaper . He insulted Rizal’s family, so Rizal challenged to a duel. Retana at once published aRetraction and apology in the newspaper. The incident silenced Retana’s pen against Rizal. Later on he write the biography of the greatestFilipino hero, whose talents he cameto recognize and whose martyrdom heglorified.

INFIDELITY OF LEONOR RIVERATeatro Apollo Rizal attended a play together with his friends and he lost his locketcontaining the picture of Leonor

December, 1890 Rizal received a letter fromLeonor, announcing her coming married with an Englishman (Henry Kipping)

February 15, 1891 Blumentritt replied to the letter ofRizal and comforted Rizal when Rizal confide to him about his agony

and broken heart.

- RIZAL – DEL PILAR RIVALRY 1890 There arise an unfortunate rivalry between Rizal and del Pilar for supremacy.January 1, 1891 (New Year’s Day) the Filipinos of Madrid met to reorganize the Asociacion Hispano – Filipina Responsable - a new leader who would act as a spokesman of the Filipino cause in Europe2/3 votes needed to be declared as Responsible.- RIZAL ABDICATES HIS LEADERSHIP February 1891 – (1st week) election starts Filipinos were divided into two rival camps: Rizalistas - Pilaristas. Paterno appealed to the members so that Rizal won the position.

Ilustrados in Madrid

BACK TO BRUSSELS (February 1891) - Left Madrid and proceeded to Biarritz, where he was a welcomed guest of the Boustead at their Villa Eliada. - He wrote to Jose Ma. Basa, expressing his wish to live in Hongkong and practice medicine.- Middle of April 1891 – Rizal returned to Brussels for one reason, to finish his second novel.

Jose Alejandrino, Rizal's roommate in Belgium and the first person who cleverly read

the El Filibusterismo.