Chapter18NotesPart2Section3RadicalDaysoftheRevolution

Section4TheAgeofNapoleon

Name- Date- Period- Section3RadicalDaysoftheRevolution

• TheMonarchyisAbolishedo TensionsLeadtoViolence

§ Francewaslosingthewarwith § Peoplebelievedthekingwasworkingwiththe § Peoplestormedthe andkilledtheguards§ The familyfled§ Thousandsof werekilledforpoliticaloffenses

o RadicalsTakeControlandExecutetheKing§ Backedbyrioters, tookcontrolofthe

assembly§ Al weregrantedtherighttovote§ Abolishedthe andestablishedarepublic§ Triedand theking§ Marie wasalsobeheaded

• TerrorandDangerGripFranceo TheConventionCreatesaNewCommittee

§ Francewasfightingmultiplewarsandhadafood § CreatedaCommitteeofPublic § ThecommitteehadtoprepareFrancefor ,carryout

trialsandexecutionsandlevytaxes§ Youngmen newtacticsforwar§ Quickly thepeasantrebellionathome

o Robespierre“theIncorruptible”§ TheheadoftheCommitteeonPublicSafetywasMaximilien

§ Hewas inhissupportoftherevolution§ Promotedreligious andwantedtoabolish

slaveryo TheGuillotineDefinestheReignofTerror

§ Reignof lastedfromSeptember1793toJuly1794§ 300,000were duringtheReignofTerror§ 17,000were duringtheReignofTerror§ The wasthemainmethodofexecution§ waseventuallyarrestedandexecuted§ TheReignofTerroreventuallyended

• TheRevolutionEntersItsThirdStageo Athird waswrittenin1789

o Calledforafive-andirectoryandatwo-house o Thegovernmentwas anddissentgrewo WarwithAustriaandGreat loomedo Theassemblyturnedto Bonapartetohelpwinthe

war• RevolutionBringsChange

o NationalismSpreads§ Peoplestartedtounitedunderthecentral § In1793theFrench Anthemwasfirstsungat

Marseilleso RevolutionariesPushforSocialReform

§ State weresetup§ Institutionsweredevelopedtohelpthe ,old,

widowed,andveterans§ GovernmentabolishedslaveryinFrance’s

coloniesSection4TheAgeofNapoleon

• NapoleonRisestoPowero VictoriesCloudLosses

§ Napoleonhelpedwin battlesinthewarwithGreatBritain

§ Quicklyrosetothetopofthe § His weremaskedbyvictories§ Heturnedpoliticalin

o NapoleonCrownsHimselfEmperor§ By hehadenoughpowertobecomeemperorof

France§ Heoftenheld votes§ Peopleusually hisbeliefs

• NapoleonReformsFranceo Strengthenedthe governmento Hecontrolled toencourageeconomicprosperityo Setup schoolso Createdasystemof andcanalso KepttheChurchundergovernment o Recognized independenceo Opened toallpeoplebasedonmerito Createdthe Codethatappliedequallytoall

• NapoleonBuildsanEmpireo TheMapofEuropeisRedrawn

§ Tookpartsof ,Belgium,GermanyandItalyintoFrenchterritory

§ Controlledmostof o NapoleonStrikesBritain

§ AttemptedtotakeontheBritishattheBattleof § Frenchwerequickly § Frenchcreatedthe Systemtocloseof

EuropeanportstoBritishGoods§ BritishShipscreateda toblockEuropeanPorts§ AfterseizingUSshipstheWarof wasstarted§ Britishwereabletomaintaintheir routes§ systemdidnotwork

• Napoleon’sEmpireFacesChallengeso NationalismWorksAgainstNapoleon

§ Aftertryingtoinvade thingsstartedtodeclineforNapoleon

§ PeoplethoughtNapoleonwasa oppressor§ Allconqueredpeoplesunitedunder flagsand

revoltedo SpainanAustriaBattletheFrench

§ TheFrenchinconquered defiedtheCatholicChurch§ Spainstartedtorevolt§ Spaniardsused -warfaretodefeattheFrench§ TheSpanishresistanceurgedthe torevolt§ Austrialosttherebellionandgaveuplandwithalmost

millionsubjectso TheRussianWinterStopstheGrandArmy

§ Tsarwithdrewhissupportofthe System§ NapoleoninvadedRussiawith soldiers§ Russianspractice -earthpolicytofreezeoutthe

French§ Frenchwereleftcoldandhungryduringthe § Fewerthan soldierssurvived

• NapoleonFallsFromPowero NapoleonAbdicatesBriefly

§ Russia, ,AustriaandPrussiaformedanalliancetoweakenFrance

§ Napoleonabdicatedthe § LouisXVIIIwascrowned § Napoleonescapedexileto toFrance§ LouisXVIIIquickly thecapital§ Napoleonreturnedto

o CrushedattheBattleofWaterloo§ Britishforcesdefeated armiesin1815§ Napoleonwasforcedbackinto

o Napoleon’sLegacy§ Diedin § NapoleonicCode muchoftherevolution§ Manygained andvotingrights

§ Hespreadtheideaof • LeadersMeetattheCongressofVienna

o CongressStrivesforPeace§ Wantedtorestored inEurope§ Wantedtobalance § Redrewthemapof § Returned monarchstopower

o CongressFailstoSeeTrapsAhead§ Austria, ,RussiaandPrussiaallformeda

peacetimealliance§ ofEuropewasdevelopedtohavepowersmeet

todiscussdifferences