chapter 17 romanesque art western europe 1050-1200
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 17 ROMANESQUE ARTWestern Europe
1050-1200
“Build it (block by block) and they will come”
• Build it: Churches• Block by block: stone, vaults,
“blocky”• They will come: pilgrimages (scale,
design, location)
Romanesque Stylistic Characteristics • Large Scale Architecture and Sculpture
(Pilgrimages)• Regional Diversity
•Differing verticality, ceilings (vaults)•Stone (thick, solid walls)
•Round arch, barrel and groin vaults•Crossing ratio•Plain exterior
Regional Romanesques1. France (SE@Vignory, St. Sernin): modular, barrel
vaults2. Lombardy, N. Italy (Sant’ Ambrogio): campanile,
less verticality, 3. Normandy/England (SE@Caen, Durham Cathedral):
verticality; rib vaults4. Tuscan (Pisa complex): timber roofs, low, marble,
arcades, incrustation
Architectural Elements
St. Etienne, Vignory, FranceNorthern style French Roman.
• Stone masonry• Timber Roof
• Fake Tribune• Abstract capitals
• Radiating Chapel
St. Sernin, Toulouse, France
Modular plan:Bay ½ crossingAisle ¼ crossing, etc.
buttresses
xXxXxXxXxxx
Groin vaultsBarrel vaults
UUUUUU
St. Sernin, Toulouse, FranceNave Elevation
Double aisles
Tribune
Compound piers
Groin Vaults
Barrel Vaults
Transverse arch
GERMAN ROMANESQUE
http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~hart205/Cathedrals/Plan/speyer.plan.gifhttp://www.washington.edu/ark2/archtm/MLC1317.htmlhttp://faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/art-history/werckmeister/
Speyer Cathedral
Groin vaultsClerestory windowsAlternate-support system
Compound piers
Italian Romanesque – Southern
Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
Rib Vaulting
CampanilesNarthex
Transverse archvs. vaults
Shorter like EC basilicas
St. Sernin, Toulouse,
France Speyer CathedralGermany
Sant’Ambrogio Milan, Italy
Regionalism - verticality
Cathedral complex, Pisa (Tuscany)
Baptistery
Cathedral
Campanile
incrustation• Transept• Crossing dome• Façade’s multiple arcaded galleries
• homogeneous
St. Etienne, Caen, FranceNorman Romanesque*
Tripartite division(Division into 3’s)
Sexpartite vaults(6 bays)Rib vault
Gothicspires
buttresses
East
Light and airy
Durham Cathedral, England
Quadrant arches
• Long, Slender (vs. modular)• 1st ribbed groin vault over 3 story nave
• Rib vault with slightly pointed arches
ChevronDiamondCable
Romanesque Sculpture, etc.
Cloister of Saint-Pierre, Moissac
Miracles of Saint Martin Griffins Historiated capitalsBestiaries
Christ in Majesty with angels and Twenty-Four EldersSaint-Pierre, Moissac, France.
Flashcard
Gardner’s Art Through the Ages instructional1.calstatela.edu/.../www.tronchin.com/Art1A/lecture21.htm
Tympanum
Gislebertus, Last Judgment
Weighing of the souls
Flashcard
www.tronchin.com/Art1A/lecture21.htm http://www.sciencemusings.com/blog/uploaded_images/Eve-760679.jpg
Eve, N. Side
Flashcard
Moralia in Job, Initial R with knight fighting a dragon
instructional1.calstatela.edu/.../
Morgan Madonna Flashcard
instructional1.calstatela.edu/.../
www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/virg/hd_virg.htm
Throne of wisdom
Battle of Hastings
Flashcard
Norman Cavalry Charging
instructional1.calstatela.edu/.../
Funeral procession to Westminster AbbeyBayeux Tapestry