Chapter 15 / Section 3Chapter 15 / Section 3

Fascism Rises in EuropeFascism Rises in Europe

Fascism Rises in EuropeFascism Rises in EuropeDuring the During the DepressionDepression of the of the

1930’s millions of people around 1930’s millions of people around the world lost faith in the the world lost faith in the Democratic way of government.Democratic way of government.

In response, people turned to an In response, people turned to an extreme new form of government extreme new form of government called called FascismFascism

Fascist Beliefs and PoliciesFascist Beliefs and PoliciesFascism- Fascism- A political A political

movement that movement that promotes an extreme promotes an extreme form of Nationalism, form of Nationalism, a denial of individual a denial of individual rights, and a rights, and a dictatorial one-party dictatorial one-party rulerule

Fascist Beliefs and PoliciesFascist Beliefs and PoliciesFascists promised to revive the Fascists promised to revive the

economy, punish those responsible for economy, punish those responsible for hard times, and restore national pride.hard times, and restore national pride.

Their message attracted many people Their message attracted many people that were frustrated and angered by that were frustrated and angered by the peace treaties after World War I the peace treaties after World War I and the Great Depression.and the Great Depression.

Fascist Beliefs and PoliciesFascist Beliefs and PoliciesFascism had no clear Fascism had no clear

theorytheoryHowever, most fascists However, most fascists

shared these ideas: shared these ideas: 1)Nationalism 2) 1)Nationalism 2) Authoritarian Authoritarian Leadership Leadership 3) Uniforms of a 3) Uniforms of a certain color, special certain color, special salutes,massive ralliessalutes,massive rallies

Fascism v. CommunismFascism v. Communism

In some ways Fascism was similar In some ways Fascism was similar to Communism.to Communism.

Ruled by dictators, one party rule, Ruled by dictators, one party rule, denial of individual rights.denial of individual rights.

In both, the state was supreme.In both, the state was supreme.

Mussolini comes to Power in ItalyMussolini comes to Power in Italy

Mussolini Comes to PowerMussolini Comes to PowerFascism came to power in Italy due to Fascism came to power in Italy due to

the disappointment over the failure to the disappointment over the failure to obtain territory during the Paris Peace obtain territory during the Paris Peace talks of 1919talks of 1919

Rising inflation and unemployment also Rising inflation and unemployment also contributed to widespread doubt in the contributed to widespread doubt in the current democratic government, they current democratic government, they wanted a leader who would take actionwanted a leader who would take action

The Rise of Mussolini The Rise of Mussolini Benito Mussolini – Benito Mussolini – A newspaper editor A newspaper editor

and politician.and politician.Boldly promised to restore Italy’s Boldly promised to restore Italy’s

economy in addition to strengthening it’s economy in addition to strengthening it’s militarymilitary

Mussolini gained support because he was Mussolini gained support because he was seen as a strong leaderseen as a strong leader

In October 1922, after 30,000 fascists In October 1922, after 30,000 fascists march on Rome, Mussolini takes control march on Rome, Mussolini takes control of Govt.of Govt.

Mussolini as IL Duce’Mussolini as IL Duce’Abolished Democracy.Abolished Democracy.Outlawed all political parties except Outlawed all political parties except

The Fascist.The Fascist.Secret Police jailed his opponents.Secret Police jailed his opponents.Government censored radio and Government censored radio and

newspapers.newspapers.Formed relationships between large Formed relationships between large

industrialists and large landowners and industrialists and large landowners and The Fascist Party-Economy Control.The Fascist Party-Economy Control.

Hitler Takes Control in GermanyHitler Takes Control in Germany

Adolph Hitler-Adolph Hitler- a little-known a little-known political leader in the mid- 1920’s.political leader in the mid- 1920’s.

Ex-WWI soldier who later joined the Ex-WWI soldier who later joined the National Socialist German Workers’ National Socialist German Workers’ Party, known as Party, known as NaziNazi for short. for short.

Policies of the group supported the Policies of the group supported the middle and lower class.middle and lower class.

Hitler Takes Control in Germany Hitler Takes Control in Germany (cont’d)(cont’d)

Hitler was a great speaker and Hitler was a great speaker and organizer, helps him gain power.organizer, helps him gain power.

In jail Hitler writes, In jail Hitler writes, Mein KampfMein Kampf (My Struggle) which tells of his (My Struggle) which tells of his goals for Germany.goals for Germany.

Declares Declares lebensraumlebensraum, or living , or living space in Germany is needed. space in Germany is needed. (Racism)(Racism)

Hitler Takes Control in Germany Hitler Takes Control in Germany (cont’d)(cont’d)

Once elected by the Nazi party Once elected by the Nazi party Hitler rises to Chancellor by 1933.Hitler rises to Chancellor by 1933.

From that point on Hitler finds ways From that point on Hitler finds ways to make himself more powerful.to make himself more powerful.

However, during this time Hitler However, during this time Hitler drops unemployment in the country drops unemployment in the country from 6% to 1.5%.from 6% to 1.5%.

Hitler Takes Control in Germany Hitler Takes Control in Germany (cont’d)(cont’d)

Hitler wasn’t just happy as Hitler wasn’t just happy as Chancellor, he becomes the Fuher, Chancellor, he becomes the Fuher, SUPREME LEADER.SUPREME LEADER.

His plan is to dictate not only His plan is to dictate not only economic and political life, but ALL economic and political life, but ALL ASPECTS.ASPECTS.

First thing he did was begin war First thing he did was begin war with JEWS. SS leads the way.with JEWS. SS leads the way.