Chapter 14

Lesson 2Heart Disease

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A group of disorders that cause a thickening and hardening of the arteries

arteriosclerosis

A condition that occurs when fatty substances build up on the inner lining of the arteries

atherosclerosis

A serious condition that occurs when the blood supply to the heart slows or stops and the heart muscle is damaged

heart attack

A disease in which the pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal

hypertension

A serious condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked

stroke

A surgical procedure in which an instrument with a tiny balloon, drill bit, or laser attached is inserted into a blocked artery to clear the blockage

angioplasty

In this lesson, you will learn to

identify types of heart disease.

explain how to reduce the risk of heart disease.

describe how heart disease is treated.

analyze the influences of food advertising on heart health.

explain how strokes and hypertension are related to heart disease.

What Is Cardiovascular Disease?

Cardiovascular or heart disease is any condition that reduces the strength of the heart and blood vessels.

Sometimes, heart disease is due to heredity, but it is usually related to lifestyle.

People who Smoke

get very little exercisehave other unhealthy habits like poor diet

are more at risk for developing heart disease.

Types of Coronary Heart Disease

The heart is a musclethat pumps blood through the body.

Coronary arteries onthe surface of the heart

supply it with oxygen-rich blood.

Veins on the hearttake oxygen-poor

blood away.

If the coronaryarteries are clear,blood flows freely.

If the coronaryarteries are blocked,

coronary diseasebegins to develop.

The coronary arteriesBring blood to the heart

From the lungs Oxygen Rich

A healthy coronary arteryIs free of fatty substances

Blood can flow through

An unhealthy coronary artery has a buildup

of fatty substances that partially block

the flow of blood

Types of Coronary Heart Disease

Arteriosclerosis is a group of disorders that includes atherosclerosis.

arteriosclerosis A group of diseases that cause a thickening and hardening of the arteries

atherosclerosis A condition that occurs when fatty substances build up on the inner lining of the arteries

When buildup collects inside the arteries, it takes up space needed for blood to flow through.

If the coronary arteries become blocked with too much buildup, the heart may not get enough oxygen.

A Heart Attack

A heart attack can happen if the heart does not get enough oxygen from the blood.

heart attack A serious condition that occurs when the blood supply to the heart slows or stops and the heart muscle is damaged.

A Heart Attack

Symptoms of a Heart Attackfor Males

Symptoms of a Heart Attackfor Females

Pain or pressure in the chest

Pain in the arms, jaw, back orabdomen

Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath

Cold skin

Nausea

Passing out

Similar to males, but more likelythan males to experience

shortness of breath, nausea, andpain in their back jaw.

Other Problems of the Circulatory System

Hypertension can lead to a heart attack or a stroke.

hypertension A disease in which the pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal

stroke A serious condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked

Hypertension:People who have hypertension can manage the condition by following a healthful eating plan, exercising regularly, avoiding stress, and taking medicine if needed.

Stroke:Like the heart, the brain needs plenty of oxygen and nutrients to function.If an artery leaks or develops a thick mass called a clot, blood flow to the part of the brain is interrupted, causing damage.The effects of a stroke depend on what part of the brain is affected.

Other Problems of the Circulatory System

Preventing Heart Disease

Limit cholesterol,trans fats, and saturated fats.

Limit cholesterol,trans fats, and saturated fats.

Participate in regularphysical activity.

Participate in regularphysical activity.

Maintain a healthy weight.Maintain a healthy weight.

Manage stress.Manage stress.

Stay tobacco free.Stay tobacco free.

Stay alcohol free.Stay alcohol free.

Eat healthful foods.Eat healthful foods.

Treating Heart Disease

Angioplasty is a popular method for treating heart disease.

angioplasty A surgical procedure in which an instrument with a tiny balloon, drill bit, or laser attached is inserted into a blocked artery to clear a blockage

Treating Heart Disease

Other methods used to treat heart disease are:

Medications

Pacemakers

Bypass surgery

Heart transplants

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Chapter 14NoncommunicableDiseases

Lesson 2Heart Disease

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