chapter 14 exterior walls - florida building · chapter 14 exterior walls section 1401 ... exterior...

CHAPTER 14

EXTERIOR WALLS

SECTION 1401GENERAL

1401.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall establish the

minimum requirements for exterior walls, exterior wall cover-

ings, exterior wall openings, exterior windows and doors,

architectural trim, balconies and bay windows.

Exception: Buildings and structures located within the

high-velocity hurricane zone shall comply with the provi-

sions of Sections 1403.7 and 1408.

SECTION 1402DEFINITIONS

1402.1 General. The following words and terms shall, for the

purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code,

have the meanings shown herein.

ADHERED MASONRY VENEER. Veneer secured and sup-

ported through the adhesion of an approved bonding material

applied to an approved backing.

ANCHORED MASONRY VENEER. Veneer secured with

approved mechanical fasteners to an approved backing.

BACKING. The wall or surface to which the veneer is secured.

EXTERIOR WALL. A wall, bearing or nonbearing, that is

used as an enclosing wall for a building, other than a fire wall,

and that has a slope of 60 degrees (1.05 rad) or greater with the

horizontal plane.

EXTERIOR WALL COVERING. A material or assembly of

materials applied on the exterior side of exterior walls for the

purpose of providing a weather-resisting barrier, insulation or

for aesthetics, including but not limited to, veneers, siding,

exterior insulation and finish systems, architectural trim and

embellishments such as cornices, soffits, facias, gutters and

leaders.

EXTERIOR WALL ENVELOPE. A system or assembly of

exterior wall components, including exterior wall finish mate-

rials, that provides protection of the building structural mem-

bers, including framing and sheathing materials, and

conditioned interior space, from the detrimental effects of the

exterior environment.

FIBER CEMENT SIDING. A manufactured, fiber-reinforc-

ing product made with an inorganic hydraulic or calcium sili-

cate binder formed by chemical reaction and reinforced with

organic or inorganic nonasbestos fibers, or both. Additives that

enhance manufacturing or product performance are permitted.

Fiber cement siding products have either smooth or textured

faces and are intended for exterior wall and related applica-

tions.

METAL COMPOSITE MATERIAL (MCM). A fac-

tory-manufactured panel consisting of metal skins bonded to

both faces of a plastic core.

METAL COMPOSITE MATERIAL (MCM) SYSTEM.

An exterior wall finish system fabricated using MCM in a spe-

cific assembly including joints, seams, attachments, substrate,

framing and other details as appropriate to a particular design.

VENEER. A facing attached to a wall for the purpose of pro-

viding ornamentation, protection or insulation, but not counted

as adding strength to the wall.

VINYL SIDING. A shaped material, made principally from

rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC), that is used as an exterior wall

covering.

WATER-RESISTIVE BARRIER. A material behind an

exterior wall covering that is intended to resist liquid water that

has penetrated behind the exterior covering from further

intruding into the exterior wall assembly.

SECTION 1403PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

1403.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply to

exterior walls, wall coverings and components thereof.

1403.2 Weather protection. Exterior walls shall provide the

building with a weather-resistant exterior wall envelope. The

exterior wall envelope shall include flashing, as described in

Section 1405.3. The exterior wall envelope shall be designed

and constructed in such a manner as to prevent the accumula-

tion of water within the wall assembly by providing a

water-resistive barrier behind the exterior veneer, as described

in Section 1404.2 and a means for draining water that enters the

assembly to the exterior. All exterior finishes shall be applied in

accordance with the manufacturers specifications or installa-

tion instructions. Protection against condensation in the exte-

rior wall assembly shall be provided in accordance with

Chapter 13 of the Florida Building Code, Building.

Exceptions:

1. A weather-resistant exterior wall envelope shall not

be required over concrete or nonporous masonry

walls designed in accordance with Chapters 19 and

21, respectively.

2. Compliance with the requirements for a means of

drainage, and the requirements of Sections 1405.2

and 1405.3, shall not be required for an exterior wall

envelope that has been demonstrated through testing

to resist wind-driven rain, including joints, penetra-

tions and intersections with dissimilar materials, in

accordance with ASTM E 331 under the following

conditions:

2.1. Exterior wall envelope test assemblies shall in-

clude at least one opening, one control joint, one

wall/eave interface and one wall sill. All tested

openings and penetrations shall be representative

of the intended end-use configuration.

2007 FLORIDA BUILDING CODEBUILDING 14.1

2.2. Exterior wall envelope test assemblies shall be at

least 4 feet by 8 feet (1219 mm by 2438 mm) in

size.

2.3. Exterior wall envelope assemblies shall be tested

at a minimum differential pressure of 6.24

pounds per square foot (psf) (0.297 kN/m2).

2.4. Exterior wall envelope assemblies shall be sub-

jected to a minimum test exposure duration of 2

hours.

The exterior wall envelope design shall be considered

to resist wind-driven rain where the results of testing

indicate that water did not penetrate control joints in the

exterior wall envelope, joints at the perimeter of open-

ings or intersections of terminations with dissimilar

materials.

1403.3 Structural. Exterior walls, and the associated open-

ings, shall be designed and constructed to resist safely the

superimposed loads required by Chapter 16.

1403.4 Fire resistance. Exterior walls shall be fire-resistance

rated as required by other sections of this code with opening

protection as required by Chapter 7.

1403.5 Flood resistance. This code specifically defers to the

authority granted to local government by Title 44 CFR, Sec-

tions 59 and 60. This code is not intended to supplant or

supercede local ordinances adopted pursuant to that authority,

nor are local floodplain management ordinances to be deemed

amendments to the code.

1403.6 Flood resistance for high-velocity wave action areas.

Reserved.

1403.7 In order to provide for inspection for termite infesta-

tion, clearance between exterior wall coverings and final earth

grade on the exterior of a building shall not be less than 6 inches

(152 mm).

Exceptions:

1. Paint or decorative cementitious finish less than5/8

inch (17.1 mm) thick adhered directly to the masonry

foundation sidewall.

2. Access or vehicle ramps which rise to the interior fin-

ish floor elevation for the width of such ramps only.

3. A 4-inch (102 mm) inspection space above patio and

garage slabs and entry areas.

4. If the patio has been soil treated for termites, the finish

elevation may match the building interior finish floor

elevations on masonry construction only.

5. Masonry veneers.

1403.8 Drained wall assembly over mass wall assembly.

Where wood frame or other types of drained wall assemblies

are constructed above mass wall assemblies, flashing or other

approved drainage system shall be installed as required by Sec-

tion 1405.3.

SECTION 1404MATERIALS

1404.1 General. Materials used for the construction of exterior

walls shall comply with the provisions of this section. Materi-

als not prescribed herein shall be permitted, provided that any

such alternative has been approved.

1404.2 Water-resistive barrier. Exterior walls of frame con-

struction receiving a veneer shall be provided with a

water-resistive barrier. The water-resistive barrier shall be a

minimum of one layer of No. 15 asphalt felt, complying with

ASTM D 226 for Type 1 felt or other approved materials, shall

be attached to the sheathing, with flashing as described in Sec-

tion 1405.3, in such a manner as to provide a continuous

water-resistive barrier behind the exterior wall veneer.

1404.2.1 Where cement plaster (stucco) is to be applied to

lath over frame construction, measures shall be taken to pre-

vent bonding between the cement plaster and the water

resistive barrier. A bond break shall be provided between

the water resistive barrier and the cement plaster (stucco)

consisting of one of the following:

1. Two layers of an approved water-resistant barrier or

2. One layer of an approved water-resistant barrier over

an approved plastic house wrap, or

3. Other approved methods or materials applied in

accordance with the manufacturers installation

instructions.

1404.3 Wood. Exterior walls of wood construction shall be

designed and constructed in accordance with Chapter 23.

1404.3.1 Basic hardboard. Basic hardboard shall conform

to the requirements of AHA A135.4.

1404.3.2 Hardboard siding. Hardboard siding shall con-

form to the requirements of AHA A135.6 and, where used

structurally, shall be so identified by the label of an

approved agency.

1404.4 Masonry. Exterior walls of masonry construction shall

be designed and constructed in accordance with this section

and Chapter 21. Masonry units, mortar and metal accessories

used in anchored and adhered veneer shall meet the physical

requirements of Chapter 21. The backing of anchored and

adhered veneer shall be of concrete, masonry, steel framing or

wood framing.

1404.5 Metal. Exterior walls of formed steel construction,

structural steel or lightweight metal alloys shall be designed in

accordance with Chapters 22 and 20, respectively.

1404.5.1 Aluminum siding. Aluminum siding shall con-

form to the requirements of AAMA 1402.

1404.5.2 Cold-rolled copper. Copper shall conform to the

requirements of ASTM B 370.

1404.5.3 Lead-coated copper. Lead-coated copper shall

conform to the requirements of ASTM B 101.

1404.6 Concrete. Exterior walls of concrete construction shall

be designed and constructed in accordance with Chapter 19.

14.2 2007 FLORIDA BUILDING CODEBUILDING

EXTERIOR WALLS

1404.7 Glass-unit masonry. Exterior walls of glass-unit

masonry shall be designed and constructed in accordance with

Chapter 21.

1404.8 Plastics. Plastic panel, apron or spandrel walls as

defined in this code shall not be limited in thickness, provided

that such plastics and their assemblies conform to the require-

ments of Chapter 26 and are constructed of approved

weather-resistant materials of adequate strength to resist the

wind loads for cladding specified in Chapter 16.

1404.9 Vinyl siding. Vinyl Siding and soffit shall conform to

the requirements of ASTM D 3679, ASTM D 4477 and the

manufacturers installation instructions.

1404.9.1 Labeling. Vinyl siding shall be labeled as con-

forming to the requirements of ASTM D 3679.

1404.10 Fiber cement siding. Fiber cement siding shall con-

form to the requirements of ASTM C 1186 and shall be so

identified on labeling listing an approved quality control

agency.

SECTION 1405INSTALLATION OF WALL COVERINGS

1405.1 General. Exterior wall coverings shall be designed and

constructed in accordance with the applicable provisions of

this section.

1405.2 Weather protection. Exterior walls shall provide

weather protection for the building. The materials of the mini-

mum nominal thickness specified in Table 1405.2 shall be

acceptable as approved weather coverings.

1405.3 Flashing. Flashing shall be installed in such a manner

so as to prevent moisture from entering the wall or to redirect it

to the exterior. Flashing shall be installed at the perimeters of

exterior door and window assemblies, penetrations and termi-

nations of exterior wall assemblies, exterior wall intersections

with roofs, chimneys, porches, decks, balconies and similar

projections and at built-in gutters and similar locations where

moisture could enter the wall. Flashing with projecting flanges

shall be installed on both sides and the ends of copings, under

sills and continuously above projecting trim.

1405.3.1 Exterior wall pockets. In exterior walls of build-

ings or structures, wall pockets or crevices in which mois-

ture can accumulate shall be avoided or protected with caps

or drips, or other approved means shall be provided to pre-

vent water damage.

1405.3.2 Masonry. Flashing and weep holes shall be

located in the first course of masonry above finished ground

level above the foundation wall or slab, and other points of

support, including structural floors, shelf angles and lintels

where anchored veneers are designed in accordance with

Section 1405.5.

1405.4 Wood veneers. Wood veneers on exterior walls of

buildings of Type I, II, III and IV construction shall be not less

than 1 inch (25 mm) nominal thickness, 0.438-inch (11.1 mm)

exterior hardboard siding or 0.375-inch (9.5 mm) exterior-type

wood structural panels or particleboard and shall conform to

the following:


EXTERIOR WALLS

TABLE 1405.2MINIMUM THICKNESS OF WEATHER COVERINGS

COVERING TYPEMINIMUM THICKNESS

(inches)

Adhered masonry veneer 0.25

Aluminum siding 0.019

Anchored masonry veneer 2.625

Asbestos-cement boards 0.125

Asbestos shingles 0.156

Cold-rolled copperd

0.0216 nominal

Copper shinglesd

0.0162 nominal

Exterior plywood (with sheathing) 0.313

Exterior plywood (without sheathing) See Section 2304.6

Fiber cement lap siding 0.25c

Fiber cement panel siding 0.25c

Fiberboard siding 0.5

Glass-fiber reinforced concrete panels 0.375

Hardboard sidingc

0.25

High-yield copperd

0.0162 nominal

Lead-coated copperd

0.0216 nominal

Lead-coated high-yield copper 0.0162 nominal

Marble slabs 1

Particleboard (with sheathing) See Section 2304.6

Particleboard (without sheathing) See Section 2304.6

Precast stone facing 0.625

Steel (approved corrosion resistant) 0.0149

Stone (cast artificial) 1.5

Stone (natural) 2

Structural glass 0.344

Stucco or exterior portland cement plaster

Three-coat work over:

Metal plaster base 0.875b

Unit masonry 0.625b

Cast-in-place or precast concrete 0.625b

Two-coat work over:

Unit masonry 0.5b

Cast-in-place or precast concrete 0.375b

Terra cotta (anchored) 1

Terra cotta (adhered) 0.25

Vinyl siding 0.035

Wood shingles 0.375

Wood siding (without sheathing)a

0.5

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

a. Wood siding of thicknesses less than 0.5 inch shall be placed over sheathing

that conforms to Section 2304.6.

b. Exclusive of texture.

c. As measured at the bottom of decorative grooves.

d. 16 ounces per square foot for cold-rolled copper and lead-coated copper, 12

ounces per square foot for copper shingles, high-yield copper and

lead-coated high-yield copper.

1. The veneer shall not exceed three stories in height, mea-

sured from the grade plane. Where fire-retardant-treated

wood is used, the height shall not exceed four stories.

2. The veneer is at tached to or furred from a

noncombustible backing that is fire-resistance rated as

required by other provisions of this code.

3. Where open or spaced wood veneers (without concealed

spaces) are used, they shall not project more than 24

inches (610 mm) from the building wall.

1405.5 Anchored masonry veneer. Anchored masonry

veneer shall comply with the provisions of Sections 1405.5,

1405.6, 1405.7 and 1405.8 and Sections 6.1 and 6.2 of ACI

530/ASCE 5/TMS 402.

1405.5.1 Tolerances. Anchored masonry veneers in accor-

dance with Chapter 14 are not required to meet the toler-

ances in Article 3.3 G1 of ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602.

1405.5.2 Seismic requirements. Reserved.

1405.6 Stone veneer. Stone veneer units not exceeding 10

inches (254 mm) in thickness shall be anchored directly to

masonry, concrete or to stud construction by one of the follow-

ing methods:

1. With concrete or masonry backing, anchor ties shall be

not less than 0.1055-inch (2.68 mm) corrosion-resistant

wire, or approved equal, formed beyond the base of the

backing. The legs of the loops shall be not less than 6

inches (152 mm) in length bent at right angles and laid in

the mortar joint, and spaced so that the eyes or loops are

12 inches (305 mm) maximum on center (o.c.) in both

directions. There shall be provided not less than a

0.1055-inch (2.68 mm) corrosion-resistant wire tie, or

approved equal, threaded through the exposed loops for

every 2 square feet (0.2 m2) of stone veneer. This tie shall

be a loop having legs not less than 15 inches (381 mm) in

length bent so that it will lie in the stone veneer mortar

joint. The last 2 inches (51 mm) of each wire leg shall

have a right-angle bend. One-inch (25 mm) minimum

thickness of cement grout shall be placed between the

backing and the stone veneer.

2. With stud backing, a 2-inch by 2-inch (51 by 51 mm)

0.0625-inch (1.59 mm) corrosion-resistant wire mesh

with two layers of water-resistive barrier in accordance

with Section 1404.2 shall be applied directly to wood

studs spaced a maximum of 16 inches (406 mm) o.c. On

studs, the mesh shall be attached with 2-inch-long (51

mm) corrosion-resistant steel wire furring nails at 4

inches (102 mm) o.c. providing a minimum 1.125-inch

(29 mm) penetration into each stud and with 8d common

nails at 8 inches (203 mm) o.c. into top and bottom plates

or with equivalent wire ties. There shall be not less than a

0.1055-inch (2.68 mm) corrosion-resistant wire, or

approved equal, looped through the mesh for every 2

square feet (0.2 m2) of stone veneer. This tie shall be a

loop having legs not less than 15 inches (381 mm) in

length, so bent that it will lie in the stone veneer mortar

joint. The last 2 inches (51 mm) of each wire leg shall

have a right-angle bend. One-inch (25 mm) minimum

thickness of cement grout shall be placed between the

backing and the stone veneer.

1405.7 Slab-type veneer. Slab-type veneer units not exceed-

ing 2 inches (51 mm) in thickness shall be anchored directly to

masonry, concrete or stud construction. For veneer units of

marble, travertine, granite or other stone units of slab form ties

of corrosion-resistant dowels in drilled holes shall be located in

the middle third of the edge of the units, spaced a maximum of

24 inches (610 m) apart around the periphery of each unit with

not less than four ties per veneer unit. Units shall not exceed 20

square feet (1.9 m2) in area. If the dowels are not tight fitting,

the holes shall be drilled not more than 0.063 inch (1.6 mm)

larger in diameter than the dowel, with the hole countersunk to

a diameter and depth equal to twice the diameter of the dowel in

order to provide a tight-fitting key of cement mortar at the

dowel locations when the mortar in the joint has set. Veneer ties

shall be corrosion-resistant metal capable of resisting, in ten-

sion or compression, a force equal to two times the weight of

the attached veneer. If made of sheet metal, veneer ties shall be

not smaller in area than 0.0336 by 1 inch (0.853 by 25 mm) or,

if made of wire, not smaller in diameter than 0.1483-inch (3.76

mm) wire.

1405.8 Terra cotta. Anchored terra cotta or ceramic units not

less than 1.625 inches (41 mm) thick shall be anchored directly

to masonry, concrete or stud construction. Tied terra cotta or

ceramic veneer units shall be not less than 1.625 inches (41

mm) thick with projecting dovetail webs on the back surface

spaced approximately 8 inches (203 mm) o.c. The facing shall

be tied to the backing wall with corrosion-resistant metal

anchors of not less than No. 8 gage wire installed at the top of

each piece in horizontal bed joints not less than 12 inches (305

mm) nor more than 18 inches (457 mm) o.c.; these anchors

shall be secured to 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) corrosion-resistant pen-

cil rods that pass through the vertical aligned loop anchors in

the backing wall. The veneer ties shall have sufficient strength

to support the full weight of the veneer in tension. The facing

shall be set with not less than a 2-inch (51 mm) space from the

backing wall and the space shall be filled solidly with portland

cement grout and pea gravel. Immediately prior to setting, the

backing wall and the facing shall be drenched with clean water

and shall be distinctly damp when the grout is poured.

1405.9 Adhered masonry veneer. Adhered masonry veneer

shall comply with the applicable requirements in Section

1405.9.1 and Sections 6.1 and 6.3 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS

402.

1405.9.1 Interior adhered masonry veneers. Interior

adhered masonry veneers shall have a maximum weight of

20 psf (0.958 kg/m2) and shall be installed in accordance

with Section 1405.9. Where the interior adhered masonry

veneer is supported by wood construction, the supporting

members shall be designed to limit deflection to 1/600

of the

span of the supporting members.

1405.10 Metal veneers. Veneers of metal shall be fabricated

from approved corrosion-resistant materials or shall be pro-

tected front and back with porcelain enamel, or otherwise be

treated to render the metal resistant to corrosion. Such veneers

shall not be less than 0.0149-inch (0.378 mm) nominal thick-


EXTERIOR WALLS

ness sheet steel mounted on wood or metal furring strips or

approved sheathing on the wood construction.

1405.10.1 Attachment. Exterior metal veneer shall be

securely attached to the supporting masonry or framing

members with corrosion-resistant fastenings, metal ties or

by other approved devices or methods. The spacing of the

fastenings or ties shall not exceed 24 inches (610 mm) either

vertically or horizontally, but where units exceed 4 square

feet (0.4 m2) in area there shall be not less than four attach-

ments per unit. The metal attachments shall have a

cross-sectional area not less than provided by W 1.7 wire.

Such attachments and their supports shall be capable of

resisting a horizontal force in accordance with the wind

loads specified in Section 1609, but in no case less than 20

psf (0.958 kg/m2).

1405.10.2 Weather protection. Metal supports for exterior

metal veneer shall be protected by painting, galvanizing or

by other equivalent coating or treatment. Wood studs, fur-

ring strips or other wood supports for exterior metal veneer

shall be approved pressure-treated wood or protected as

required in Section 1403.2. Joints and edges exposed to the

weather shall be caulked with approved durable water-

proofing material or by other approved means to prevent

penetration of moisture.

1405.10.3 Backup. Masonry backup shall not be required

for metal veneer except as is necessary to meet the fire-resis-

tance requirements of this code.

1405.10.4 Grounding. Grounding of metal veneers on

buildings shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 27.

1405.11 Glass veneer. The area of a single section of thin exte-

rior structural glass veneer shall not exceed 10 square feet (0.93

m2) where it is not more than 15 feet (4572 mm) above the level

of the sidewalk or grade level directly below, and shall not

exceed 6 square feet (0.56 m2) where it is more than 15 feet

(4572 mm) above that level.

1405.11.1 Length and height. The length or height of any

section of thin exterior structural glass veneer shall not

exceed 48 inches (1219 mm).

1405.11.2 Thickness. The thickness of thin exterior struc-

tural glass veneer shall be not less than 0.344 inch (8.7 mm).

1405.11.3 Application. Thin exterior structural glass

veneer shall be set only after backing is thoroughly dry and

after application of an approved bond coat uniformly over

the entire surface of the backing so as to effectively seal the

surface. Glass shall be set in place with an approved mastic

cement in sufficient quantity so that at least 50 percent of the

area of each glass unit is directly bonded to the backing by

mastic not less than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) thick and not more

than 0.625 inch (15.9 mm) thick. The bond coat and mastic

shall be evaluated for compatibility and shall bond firmly

together.

1405.11.4 Installation at sidewalk level. Where glass

extends to a sidewalk surface, each section shall rest in an

approved metal molding, and be set at least 0.25 inch (6.4

mm) above the highest point of the sidewalk. The space

between the molding and the sidewalk shall be thoroughly

caulked and made water tight.

1405.11.4.1 Installation above sidewalk level. Where

thin exterior structural glass veneer is installed above the

level of the top of a bulkhead facing, or at a level more

than 36 inches (914 mm) above the sidewalk level, the

mastic cement binding shall be supplemented with

approved nonferrous metal shelf angles located in the

horizontal joints in every course. Such shelf angles shall

be not less than 0.0478-inch (1.2 mm) thick and not less

than 2 inches (51 mm) long and shall be spaced at

approved intervals, with not less than two angles for each

glass unit. Shelf angles shall be secured to the wall or

backing with expansion bolts, toggle bolts or by other

approved methods.

1405.11.5 Joints. Unless otherwise specifically approved

by the building official, abutting edges of thin exterior struc-

tural glass veneer shall be ground square. Mitered joints

shall not be used except where specifically approved for

wide angles. Joints shall be uniformly buttered with an

approved jointing compound and horizontal joints shall be

held to not less than 0.063 inch (1.6 mm) by an approved

nonrigid substance or device. Where thin exterior structural

glass veneer abuts nonresilient material at sides or top,

expansion joints not less than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) wide shall

be provided.

1405.11.6 Mechanical fastenings. Thin exterior structural

glass veneer installed above the level of the heads of show

windows and veneer installed more than 12 feet (3658 mm)

above sidewalk level shall, in addition to the mastic cement

and shelf angles, be held in place by the use of fastenings at

each vertical or horizontal edge, or at the four corners of

each glass unit. Fastenings shall be secured to the wall or

backing with expansion bolts, toggle bolts or by other meth-

ods. Fastenings shall be so designed as to hold the glass

veneer in a vertical plane independent of the mastic cement.

Shelf angles providing both support and fastenings shall be

permitted.

1405.11.7 Flashing. Exposed edges of thin exterior struc-

tural glass veneer shall be flashed with overlapping corro-

sion-resistant metal flashing and caulked with a waterproof

compound in a manner to effectively prevent the entrance of

moisture between the glass veneer and the backing.

1405.12 Exterior windows and doors. Windows and doors

installed in exterior walls shall conform to the testing and per-

formance requirements of Section 1714.5.

1405.12.1 Installation. Windows and doors shall be

installed in accordance with approved manufacturers

instructions. Fastener size and spacing shall be provided in

such instructions and shall be calculated based on maximum

loads and spacing used in the tests.

1405.12.2 Window sills. In Occupancy Groups R-2 and

R-3, one- and two-family and multiple-family dwellings,

where the opening of the sill portion of an operable window

is located more than 72 inches (1829 mm) above the fin-

ished grade or other surface below, the lowest part of the

clear opening of the window shall be at a height not less than

24 inches (610 mm) above the finished floor surface of the

room in which the window is located. Glazing between the

floor and a height of 24 inches (610 mm) shall be fixed or


EXTERIOR WALLS

have openings through which a 4-inch (102 mm) diameter

sphere cannot pass.

Exception: Openings that are provided with window

guards that comply with ASTM F 2006 or F 2090.

1405.13 Vinyl siding. Vinyl siding conforming to the require-

ments of this section and complying with ASTM D 3679, and

ASTM D 4477 in accordance with the manufacturers installa-

tion instructions shall be permitted on exterior walls of build-

ings of Type V construction located in areas where the basic

wind speed specified in Chapter 16 does not exceed 100 miles

per hour (45 m/s) and the building height is less than or equal to

40 feet (12 192 mm) in Exposure C. Where construction is

located in areas where the basic wind speed exceeds 100 miles

per hour (45 m/s), or building heights are in excess of 40 feet

(12 192 mm), tests or calculations indicating compliance with

Chapter 16 shall be submitted. Vinyl siding shall be secured to

the building so as to provide weather protection for the exterior

walls of the building.

1405.13.1 Application. The siding shall be applied over

sheathing or materials listed in Section 2304.6. Siding shall

be applied to conform with the water-resistive barrier

requirements in Section 1403. Siding and accessories shall

be installed in accordance with approved manufacturers

instructions. Unless otherwise specified in the approved

manufacturers instructions, nails used to fasten the siding

and accessories shall have a minimum 0.313-inch (7.9 mm)

head diameter and 0.125-inch (3.18 mm) shank diameter.

The nails shall be corrosion resistant and shall be long

enough to penetrate the studs or nailing strip at least 0.75

inch (19 mm). Where the siding is installed horizontally, the

fastener spacing shall not exceed 16 inches (406 mm) hori-

zontally and 12 inches (305 mm) vertically. Where the sid-

ing is installed vertically, the fastener spacing shall not

exceed 12 inches (305 mm) horizontally and 12 inches (305

mm) vertically.

1405.14 Cement plaster. Cement plaster applied to exterior

walls shall conform to the requirements specified in Chapter

25.

1405.15 Fiber cement siding. Fiber cement siding comply-

ing with Section 1404.10 shall be permitted on exterior walls

of Type I, II, III, IV and V construction for wind pressure

resistance or wind speed exposures as indicated in the manu-

facturers compliance report and approved installation

instructions. Where specified, the siding shall be installed

over sheathing or materials listed in Section 2304.6 and shall

be installed to conform to the water-resistive barrier require-

ments in Section 1403. Siding and accessories shall be

installed in accordance with approved manufacturers

instructions. Unless otherwise specified in the approved man-

ufacturers instructions, nails used to fasten the siding to

wood studs shall be corrosion-resistant round head smooth

shank and shall be long enough to penetrate the studs at least 1

inch (25 mm). For metal framing, all-weather screws shall be

used and shall penetrate the metal framing at least three full

threads.

1405.16 Fastening. Weather boarding and wall coverings shall

be securely fastened with aluminum, copper, zinc, zinc-coated

or other approved corrosion-resistant fasteners in accordance

with the nailing schedule in Table 2304.9.1 or the approved

manufacturers installation instructions. Shingles and other

weather coverings shall be attached with appropriate stan-

dard-shingle nails to furring strips securely nailed to studs, or

with approved mechanically bonding nails, except where

sheathing is of wood not less than 1-inch (25 mm) nominal

thickness or of wood structural panels as specified in Table

2308.9.3(3).

1405.17 Fiber cement siding.

1405.17.1 Panel siding. Panels shall be installed with the

long dimension parallel to framing. Vertical joints shall

occur over framing members and shall be sealed with caulk-

ing or covered with battens. Horizontal joints shall be

flashed with Z-flashing and blocked with solid wood fram-

ing.

1405.17.2 Horizontal lap siding. Lap siding shall be

lapped a minimum of 11/4inches (32 mm) and shall have the

ends sealed with caulking, covered with an H-section joint

cover or located over a strip of flashing. Lap siding courses

shall be permitted to be installed with the fastener heads

exposed or concealed, according to approved manufactur-

ers instructions.

SECTION 1406COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS ON THE EXTERIOR

SIDE OF EXTERIOR WALLS1406.1 General. Section 1406 shall apply to exterior wall cov-

erings; balconies and similar projections; and bay and oriel

windows constructed of combustible materials.

1406.2 Combustible exterior wall coverings. Combustible

exterior wall coverings shall comply with this section.

Exception: Plastics complying with Chapter 26.

1406.2.1 Ignition resistance. Combustible exterior wall

coverings shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 268.

Exceptions:

1 Wood or wood-based products.

2. Other combustible materials covered with an exte-

rior covering other than vinyl sidings listed in

Table 1405.2.

3. Aluminum having a minimum thickness of 0.019

inch (0.48 mm).

4. Exterior wall coverings on exterior walls of Type

V construction.

1406.2.1.1 Fire separation 5 feet or less. Where

installed on exterior walls having a fire separation dis-

tance of 5 feet (1524 mm) or less, combustible exterior

wall coverings shall not exhibit sustained flaming as

defined in NFPA 268.

1406.2.1.2 Fire separation greater than 5 feet. For fire

separation distances greater than 5 feet (1524 mm), an

assembly shall be permitted that has been exposed to a

reduced level of incident radiant heat flux in accordance


EXTERIOR WALLS

with the NFPA 268 test method without exhibiting sus-

tained flaming. The minimum fire separation distance

required for the assembly shall be determined from Table

1406.2.1.2 based on the maximum tolerable level of inci-

dent radiant heat flux that does not cause sustained flam-

ing of the assembly.

TABLE 1406.2.1.2MINIMUM FIRE SEPARATION FOR COMBUSTIBLE VENEERS

FIRESEPARATION

DISTANCE(feet)

TOLERABLELEVEL INCIDENTRADIANT HEATENERGY(kW/m2)

FIRESEPARATION

DISTANCE(feet)

TOLERABLELEVEL INCIDENTRADIANT HEATENERGY(kW/m2)

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

12.5

11.8

11.0

10.3

9.6

8.9

8.3

7.7

7.2

6.7

6.3

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

5.9

5.5

5.2

4.9

4.6

4.4

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.5

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 Btu/H2

F = 0.0057 kW/m2

K.

1406.2.2 Architectural trim. In buildings of Type I, II, III

and IV construction that do not exceed three stories or 40

feet (12 192 mm) in height above grade plane, exterior wall

coverings shall be permitted to be constructed of wood

where permitted by Section 1405.4 or other equivalent com-

bustible material. Combustible exterior wall coverings,

other than fire-retardant-treated wood complying with Sec-

tion 2303.2 for exterior installation, shall not exceed 10 per-

cent of an exterior wall surface area where the fire

separation distance is 5 feet (1524 mm) or less. Architec-

tural trim that exceeds 40 feet (12 192 mm) in height above

grade plane shall be constructed of approved

noncombustible materials and shall be secured to the wall

with metal or other approved noncombustible brackets.

1406.2.3 Location. Where combustible exterior wall cov-

ering is located along the top of exterior walls, such trim

shall be completely backed up by the exterior wall and shall

not extend over or above the top of exterior walls.

1406.2.4 Fireblocking. Where the combustible exterior

wall covering is furred from the wall and forms a solid sur-

face, the distance between the back of the covering and the

wall shall not exceed 1.625 inches (41 mm) and the space

thereby created shall be fireblocked in accordance with Sec-

tion 717.

1406.3 Balconies and similar projections. Balconies and

similar projections of combustible construction other than

fire-retardant-treated wood shall be fire-resistance rated in

accordance with Table 601 for floor construction or shall be of

Type IV construction in accordance with Section 602.4. The

aggregate length shall not exceed 50 percent of the buildings

perimeter on each floor.

Exceptions:

1. On buildings of Type I and II construction, three sto-

ries or less in height, fire-retardant-treated wood shall

be permitted for balconies, porches, decks and exte-

rior stairways not used as required exits.

2. Untreated wood is permitted for pickets and rails or

similar guardrail devices that are limited to 42 inches

(1067 mm) in height.

3. Balconies and similar projections on buildings of

Type III, IV and V construction shall be permitted to

be of Type V construction, and shall not be required to

have a fire-resistance rating where sprinkler protec-

tion is extended to these areas.

4. Where sprinkler protection is extended to the balcony

areas, the aggregate length of the balcony on each

floor shall not be limited.

1406.4 Bay windows and oriel windows. Bay and oriel win-

dows shall conform to the type of construction required for the

building to which they are attached.

Exception: Fire-retardant-treated wood shall be permitted

on buildings three stories or less of Type I, II, III and IV con-

struction.

SECTION 1407METAL COMPOSITE MATERIALS (MCM)

1407.1 General. The provisions of this section shall govern the

materials, construction and quality of metal composite materi-

als (MCM) for use as exterior wall coverings in addition to

other applicable requirements of Chapters 14 and 16.

1407.1.1 Plastic core. The plastic core of the MCM shall

not contain foam plastic insulation as defined in Section

2602.1.

1407.2 Exterior wall finish. MCM used as exterior wall finish

or as elements of balconies and similar projections and bay and

oriel windows to provide cladding or weather resistance shall

comply with Sections 1407.4 through 1407.13.

1407.3 Architectural trim and embellishments. MCM used

as architectural trim or embellishments shall comply with Sec-

tions 1407.7 through 1407.13.

1407.4 Structural design. MCM systems shall be designed

and constructed to resist wind loads as required by Chapter 16

for components and cladding.

1407.5 Approval. Results of approved tests or an engineering

analysis shall be submitted to the building official to verify

compliance with the requirements of Chapter 16 for wind

loads.

1407.6 Weather resistance. MCM systems shall comply with

Section 1403 and shall be designed and constructed to resist

wind and rain in accordance with this section and the manufac-

turers installation instructions.

1407.7 Durability. MCM systems shall be constructed of

approved materials that maintain the performance characteris-

tics required in Section 1407 for the duration of use.

1407.8 Fire-resistance rating. Where MCM systems are used

on exterior walls required to have a fire-resistance rating in

accordance with Section 704, evidence shall be submitted to


EXTERIOR WALLS

the building official that the required fire-resistance rating is

maintained.

1407.9 Surface-burning characteristics. Unless otherwise

specified, MCM shall have a flame spread index of 75 or less

and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less when tested as an

assembly in the maximum thickness intended for use in accor-

dance with ASTM E 84.

1407.10 Type I, II, III and IV construction. Where installed

on buildings of Type I, II, III and IV construction, MCM sys-

tems shall comply with Sections 1407.10.1 through 1407.10.4,

or 1407.11.

1407.10.1 Surface-burning characteristics. MCM shall

have a flame spread index of not more than 25 and a

smoke-developed index of not more than 450 when tested as

an assembly in the maximum thickness intended for use in

accordance with ASTM E 84.

1407.10.2 Thermal barriers. MCM shall be separated

from the interior of a building by an approved thermal bar-

rier consisting of 0.5-inch (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard or

equivalent thermal barrier material that will limit the aver-

age temperature rise of the unexposed surface to not more

than 250F (121C) after 15 minutes of fire exposure in

accordance with the standard time-temperature curve of

ASTM E 119. The thermal barrier shall be installed in such a

manner that it will remain in place for not less than 15 min-

utes based on a test conducted in accordance with UL1715.

1407.10.3 Thermal barrier not required. The thermal

barrier specified for MCM in Section 1407.10.2 is not

required where:

1. The MCM system is specifically approved based on

tests conducted in accordance with UL 1040 or UL

1715. Such testing shall be performed with the MCM

in the maximum thickness intended for use. The

MCM system shall include seams, joints and other

typical details used in the installation and shall be

tested in the manner intended for use.

2. The MCM is used as elements of balconies and simi-

lar projections, architectural trim or embellishments.

1407.10.4 Full-scale tests. The MCM exterior wall assem-

bly shall be tested in accordance with, and comply with, the

acceptance criteria of NFPA 285. Such testing shall be per-

formed on the MCM system with the MCM in the maximum

thickness intended for use.

1407.11 Alternate conditions. MCM and MCM systems shall

not be required to comply with Sections 1407.10.1 through

1407.10.4 provided such systems comply with Section

1407.11.1 or 1407.11.2.

1407.11.1 Installations up to 40 feet in height. MCM shall

not be installed more than 40 feet (12 190 mm) in height

above the grade plane where installed in accordance with

Sections 1407.11.1.1 and 1407.11.1.2.

1407.11.1.1 Fire separation distance of 5 feet or less.

Where the fire separation distance is 5 feet (1524 mm) or

less, the area of MCM shall not exceed 10 percent of the

exterior wall surface.

1407.11.1.2 Fire separation distance greater than 5

feet. Where the fire separation distance is greater than 5

feet (1524 mm), there shall be no limit on the area of

exterior wall surface coverage using MCM.

1407.11.2 Installations up to 50 feet in height. MCM shall

not be installed more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) in height

above the grade plane where installed in accordance with

Sections 1407.11.2.1 and 1407.11.2.2.

1407.11.2.1 Self ignition temperature. MCM shall

have a self-ignition temperature of 650F (343C) or

greater when tested in accordance with ASTM D 1929.

1407.11.2.2 Limitations. Sections of MCM shall not

exceed 300 square feet (27.9 m2) in area and shall be sep-

arated by a minimum of 4 feet (1219 mm) vertically.

1407.12 Type V construction. MCM shall be permitted to be

installed on buildings of Type V construction.

1407.13 Labeling. MCM shall be labeled in accordance with

Section 1703.5.

SECTION 1408HIGH-VELOCITY HURRICANE ZONE

OTHER MATERIALS

1408.1 Wood.

1408.1.1 Wood and wood products used for wall claddings

shall comply with Section 2314 through 2330.

1408.1.2 Wood and wood-products used for wall cladding

as non-structural exterior trim, fascia and soffits on build-

ings of Type I, II-A and IV. Construction may be applied to

the outside of exterior walls, cornices, architectural append-

ages, eaves overhangs and similar projections.

Where an exterior wall is required to be fire resistive, such

material shall be separated from the interior of the building

by the vertical extension of the exterior wall.

1408.2 Asphalt shingles. Asphalt shingles shall be applied

only to solid wood sheathing and shall be in tin-capped and

spot-stuck, as set forth in Sections 1512 through 1525.

1408.3 Roll slate or felt. Roll slate or felt shall be applied only

to solid wood sheathing and shall be secured by nailing, as set

forth in Chapter 15, High-Velocity Hurricane Zones.

1408.4 Metal shingles. Metal shingles shall be applied only to

solid wood sheathing and shall be secured as set forth in Chap-

ter 15 (High-Velocity Hurricane Zone).

1408.5 Steel shingles. Steel Siding shall be designed and

applied as set forth in Sections 2214 through 2224.

1408.6 Aluminum siding. Aluminum siding shall be designed

and applied as set forth in Section 2003.

1408.7 Veneers. Masonry veneers shall be applied as set forth

in Sections 2118 through 2122.

1408.8 Combustible materials. Combustible materials and

fire resistive characteristics of all materials shall comply with

the requirements for the group of occupancy or type of con-

struction, and the required interior finish rating.


EXTERIOR WALLS

1408.9 Other materials. Any cladding materials or assembly

not addressed in this code shall be classified by the building

official as the one it most nearly resembles, and shall comply

with the requirements for loading and fire resistance herein

required for such materials and assemblies.


EXTERIOR WALLS

CHAPTER 15

ROOF ASSEMBLIES AND ROOFTOP STRUCTURES

SECTION 1501GENERAL

1501.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the

design, materials, construction and quality of roof assemblies,

and rooftop structures.

Exception: Buildings and structures located within the

high-velocity hurricane zone shall comply with the provi-

sions of Section 1503.6 and Sections 1512 through 1525.

SECTION 1502DEFINITIONS

1502.1 General. The following words and terms shall, for the

purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code,

have the meanings shown herein.

BUILT-UP ROOF COVERING. Two or more layers of felt

cemented together and surfaced with a cap sheet, mineral

aggregate, smooth coating or similar surfacing material.

INTERLAYMENT. A layer of felt or nonbituminous satu-

rated felt not less than 18 inches (457 mm) wide, shingled

between each course of a wood-shake roof covering.

MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT SCREEN. A partially

enclosed rooftop structure used to aesthetically conceal heat-

ing, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) electrical or

mechanical equipment from view.

METAL ROOF PANEL. An interlocking metal sheet having a

minimum installed weather exposure of 3 square feet (0.279 m2)

per sheet.

METAL ROOF SHINGLE. An interlocking metal sheet hav-

ing an installed weather exposure less than 3 square feet (0.279

m2) per sheet.

MODIFIED BITUMEN ROOF COVERING. One or more

layers of polymer-modified asphalt sheets. The sheet materials

shall be fully adhered or mechanically attached to the substrate

or held in place with an approved ballast layer.

PENTHOUSE. An enclosed, unoccupied structure above the

roof of a building, other than a tank, tower, spire, dome cupola

or bulkhead, occupying not more than one-third of the roof

area.

POSITIVE ROOF DRAINAGE. The drainage condition in

which consideration has been made for all loading deflections

of the roof deck, and additional slope has been provided to

ensure drainage of the roof within 48 hours of precipitation.

REROOFING. The process of recovering or replacing an

existing roof covering. See Roof recover and Roof replace-

ment.

ROOF ASSEMBLY. A system designed to provide weather

protection and resistance to design loads. The system consists

of a roof covering and roof deck or a single component serving

as both the roof covering and the roof deck. A roof assembly

includes the roof deck, vapor retarder, substrate or thermal bar-

rier, insulation, vapor retarder and roof covering.

ROOF COVERING. The covering applied to the roof deck

for weather resistance, fire classification or appearance.

ROOF COVERING SYSTEM. See Roof assembly.

ROOF DECK. The flat or sloped surface not including its sup-

porting members or vertical supports.

ROOF RECOVER. The process of installing an additional

roof covering over a prepared existing roof covering without

removing the existing roof covering.

ROOF REPAIR. Reconstruction or renewal of any part of an

existing roof for the purposes of its maintenance.

ROOF REPLACEMENT. The process of removing the exist-

ing roof covering, repairing any damaged substrate and install-

ing a new roof covering.

ROOF SECTION. A separation or division of a roof area by

existing joints, parapet walls, flashing (excluding valleys), dif-

ference of elevation (excluding hips and ridges), roof type or

legal description; not including the roof area required for a

proper tie-off with an existing system.

ROOF VENTILATION. The natural or mechanical process

of supplying conditioned or unconditioned air to, or removing

such air from, attics, cathedral ceilings or other enclosed spaces

over which a roof assembly is installed.

ROOFTOP STRUCTURE. An enclosed structure on or

above the roof of any part of a building.

SCUPPER. An opening in a wall or parapet that allows water

to drain from a roof.

SINGLE-PLY MEMBRANE. A roofing membrane that is

field applied using one layer of membrane material (either

homogeneous or composite) rather than multiple layers.

UNDERLAYMENT. One or more layers of felt, sheathing

paper, nonbituminous saturated felt or other approved material

over which a steep-slope roof covering is applied.

SECTION 1503WEATHER PROTECTION

1503.1 General. Roof decks shall be covered with approved

roof coverings secured to the building or structure in accor-

dance with the provisions of this chapter. Roof coverings shall

be designed, installed and maintained in accordance with this

code and the approved manufacturers instructions such that

the roof covering shall serve to protect the building or struc-

ture.

1503.2 Flashing. Flashing shall be installed in such a manner

so as to prevent moisture entering the wall and roof through

joints in copings, through moisture-permeable materials and at

intersections with parapet walls and other penetrations through

the roof plane.


1503.2.1 Locations. Flashing shall be installed at wall and

roof intersections, at gutters, wherever there is a change in

roof slope or direction, and around roof openings.

Exception: Flashing is not required at hip and ridge

junctions.

Where flashing is of metal, the metal shall be corrosion

resistant with a thickness not less than provided in Table

1503.2.

TABLE 1503.2METAL FLASHING MATERIAL

MATERIAL

MINIMUMTHICKNESS

(INCHES) GAGEWEIGHT (LBSPER SQ FT)

Copper 1 (16 oz)

Aluminum 0.024

Stainless Steel 28

Galvanized Steel 0.017926 (zinc

coated G90)

Aluminum Zinc

Coated Steel0.0179

26 (AZ50

Alum Zinc)

Zinc Alloy 0.027

Lead 2.5 (40 oz)

Painted Terne ---- 1.25 (20 oz)

1503.3 Coping. Parapet walls shall be properly coped or sealed

with noncombustible, weatherproof materials of a width no

less than the thickness of the parapet wall. Metal coping shall

comply with ANSI/SPRI ES-1 or RAS 111.

1503.4 Roof drainage. Unless roofs are sloped to drain over

roof edges, design and installation of roof drainage systems

shall comply with the Florida Building Code, Plumbing Chap-

ter 11.

1503.4.1 Gutters. Gutters and leaders placed on the outside

of buildings, other than Group R-3, private garages and

buildings of Type V construction, shall be of

noncombustible material or a minimum of Schedule 40

plastic pipe.

1503.4.2 Scupper. Where required for roof drainage, a

scupper shall be placed level with the roof surface in a wall

or parapet. The scupper shall be located as determined by

the slope and the contributing area of the roof. The exterior

facing or lining of a scupper, if metal, shall be the same as

flashing material required by Sections 1503 through 1510

for the particular type of covering specified for the building.

For other type materials, follow manufacturers specifica-

tions.

1503.4.3 Overflow scuppers. When other means of drain-

age of overflow water is not provided, overflow scuppers

shall be placed in walls or parapets not less than 2 inches (51

mm) nor more than 4 inches (102 mm) above the finished

roof covering and shall be located as close as practical to

required vertical leaders or downspouts or wall and parapet

scuppers. An overflow scupper shall be sized in accordance

with the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.

1503.5 Roof ventilation. Attic ventilation shall be provided in

accordance with Section 1203.2 and the manufacturers instal-

lation instructions.

1503.6 Protection against decay and termites. Condensate

lines and roof downspouts shall discharge at least 1 foot (305

mm) away from the structure sidewall, whether by under-

ground piping, tail extensions, or splash blocks. Gutters with

downspouts are required on all buildings with eaves of less

than 6 inches (152 mm) horizontal projection except for gable

end rakes or on a roof above another roof.

SECTION 1504PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

1504.1 Wind resistance of roofs. Roof decks and roof cover-

ings shall be designed for wind loads in accordance with Chap-

ter 16 and Sections 1504.2, 1504.3 and 1504.4.

1504.1.1 Wind resistance of asphalt shingles. Asphalt

shingles shall be designed for wind speeds in accordance

with Section 1507.2.10.

1504.1.2 Alternative test method. Testing the acceptabil-

ity of special fastening methods using the methodology in

this section is permitted. The wind-induced uplift force on

the shingle shall be determined using the method in UL

2390. The resistance of the shingle to the uplift force shall

be determined using ASTM D 6381. Shingles passing this

test shall be considered suitable for roofs located where the

basic wind speed per Figure 1609 is as given in Table

1504.1.2.

Classification requires that the resistance of the shingle to

wind uplift, measured using the method in ASTM D 6381,

exceed the calculated load imposed by wind in the applica-

ble zone as determined using UL 2390.

Classification by this method applies to buildings less

than 60 feet (18 288 mm) high and with Wind Exposures B

and C only in an Occupancy Category of I or II. Wrappers of

shingle bundles that have been qualified using this alterna-

tive method shall be labeled with the tested wind classifica-

tion and reference UL 2390/ASTM D 6381.

TABLE 1504.1.2ROOF COVERING CLASSIFICATION

USING ALTERNATIVE METHOD

MAXIMUM BASICWIND SPEED (mph)

ASTM D 6381CLASSIFICATION

90 Class D

120 Class G

150 Class H

For SI: 1 mile per hour = 0.447m/s.

1504.2 Wind resistance of clay and concrete tile. Clay and

concrete tile roof coverings shall be connected to the roof deck

in accordance with Chapter 16.

1504.3 Wind resistance of nonballasted roofs. Roof cover-

ings installed on roofs in accordance with Section 1507 that are

mechanically attached or adhered to the roof deck shall be

designed to resist the design wind load pressures for cladding

in Chapter 16.



1504.3.1 Other roof systems. Roof systems with built-up,

modified bitumen, fully adhered or mechanically attached

single-ply through fastened metal panel roof systems, and

other types of membrane roof coverings shall also be tested

in accordance with FM 4450, FM 4470, UL580 or UL1897.

1504.3.2 Metal panel roof systems. Metal panel roof sys-

tems through fastened or standing seam shall be tested in

accordance with UL 580 or ASTM E 1592 or TAS 125.

Exception: Metal roofs constructed of cold-formed

steel, where the roof deck acts as the roof covering and

provides both weather protection and support for struc-

tural loads, shall be permitted to be designed and tested

in accordance with the applicable referenced structural

design standard in Section 2209.1.

1504.4 Ballasted low-slope roof systems. Ballasted low-slope

(roof slope < 2:12) single-ply roof system coverings shall be

designed ANSI/SPRI RP-4.

1504.5 Edge securement for low-slope roofs. Low-slope

membrane roof systems metal edge securement, except gutters,

shall be designed and installed for wind loads in accordance

with Chapter 16 and tested for resistance in accordance with

ANSI/SPRI ES-1 or RAS 111 except the basic wind speed shall

be determined from Figure 1609.

1504.6 Physical properties. Roof coverings installed on

low-slope roofs (roof slope < 2:12) in accordance with Section

1507 shall demonstrate physical integrity over the working life

of the roof based upon 2,000 hours of exposure to accelerated

weathering tests conducted in accordance with ASTM G 152,

ASTM G 153, ASTM G 155 or ASTM G 154. Those roof cov-

erings that are subject to cyclical flexural response due to wind

loads shall not demonstrate any significant loss of tensile

strength for unreinforced membranes or breaking strength for

reinforced membranes when tested as herein required.

1504.7 Impact resistance. Roof coverings installed on

low-slope roofs (roof slope < 2:12) in accordance with Section

1507 shall resist impact damage based on the results of tests

conducted in accordance with ASTM D 3746, ASTM D 4272,

CGSB 37-GP-52M or the Resistance to Foot Traffic Test in

Section 5.5 of FM 4470. All structural metal roofing systems

having a thickness equal to or greater than 22 gage and all

nonstructural metal roof systems having a thickness equal to or

greater than 26 gage shall be exempt from the tests listed above.

1504.8 Gravel and stone. Gravel or stone shall not be used on

the roof of a building located in a hurricane-prone region as

defined in Section 1609.2, or on any other building with a mean

roof height exceeding that permitted by Table 1504.8 based on

the exposure category and basic wind speed at the building site.

TABLE 1504.8MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE MEAN ROOF HEIGHT PERMITTED FORBUILDINGS WITH GRAVEL OR STONE ON THE ROOF IN AREAS

OUTSIDE A HURRICANE-PRONE REGION

BASIC WIND SPEEDFROM FIGURE 1609

(mph)b

MAXIMUM MEAN ROOF HEIGHT (ft)a,c

Exposure category

B C D

85 170 60 30

90 110 35 15

95 75 20 NP

100 55 15 NP

105 40 NP NP

110 30 NP NP

115 20 NP NP

120 15 NP NP

Greater than 120 NP NP NP

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm; 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.

a. Mean roof height in accordance with Section 1609.2.

b. For intermediate values of basic wind speed, the height associated with the

next higher value of wind speed shall be used, or direct interpolation is per-

mitted.

c. NP = gravel and stone not permitted for any roof height.

1504.9 Margin of safety. A margin of safety of 2:1 shall be

applied to all wind uplift resistance test results except when a

margin of safety is specified in the test standard.

Exception: Asphalt shingles testing resulting in a miles per

hour rating as required in Section 1507.2.10.

SECTION 1505FIRE CLASSIFICATION

1505.1 General. Roof assemblies shall be divided into the

classes defined below. Class A, B and C roof assemblies and

roof coverings required to be listed by this section shall be

tested in accordance with ASTM E 108 or UL 790. In addition,

fire-retardant-treated wood roof coverings shall be tested in

accordance with ASTM D 2898. The minimum roof coverings

installed on buildings shall comply with Table 1505.1 based on

the type of construction of the building.

Exception: Skylights and sloped glazing that comply with

Chapter 24 or Section 2610.



TABLE 1505.1a,b

MINIMUM ROOF COVERING CLASSIFICATIONFOR TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

IA IB IIA IIB IIIA IIIB IV VA VB

B B B Cc

B Cc

B B Cc

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2.

a. Unless otherwise required in accordance with the International

Wildland-Urban Interface Code or due to the location of the building within

a fire district in accordance with Appendix D.

b. Nonclassified roof coverings shall be permitted on buildings of Group R-3

and Group U occupancies, where there is a minimum fire-separation dis-

tance of 6 feet measured from the leading edge of the roof.

c. Buildings that are not more than two stories in height and having not more

than 6,000 square feet of projected roof area and where there is a minimum

10-foot fire-separation distance from the leading edge of the roof to a lot line

on all sides of the building, except for street fronts or public ways, shall be

permitted to have roofs of No. 1 cedar or redwood shakes and No. 1 shin-

gles.

1505.2 Class A roof assemblies. Class A roof assemblies are

those that are effective against severe fire test exposure. Class

A roof assemblies and roof coverings shall be listed and identi-

fied as Class A by an approved testing agency. Class A roof

assemblies shall be permitted for use in buildings or structures

of all types of construction.

Exception: Class Aroof assemblies include those with cov-

erings of brick, masonry, slate, clay or concrete roof tile,

exposed concrete roof deck, ferrous or copper shingles or

panels.

1505.3 Class B roof assemblies. Class B roof assemblies are

those that are effective against moderate fire-test exposure.

Class B roof assemblies and roof coverings shall be listed and

identified as Class B by an approved testing agency.

Exception: Class B roof assemblies include those with cov-

erings of metal sheets and shingles.

1505.4 Class C roof assemblies. Class C roof assemblies are

those that are effective against light fire-test exposure. Class C

roof assemblies and roof coverings shall be listed and identi-

fied as Class C by an approved testing agency.

1505.5 Nonclassified roofing. Nonclassified roofing is

approved material that is not listed as a Class A, B or C roof

covering.

1505.6 Fire-retardant-treated wood shingles and shakes.

Fire-retardant-treated wood shakes and shingles shall be

treated by impregnation with chemicals by the full-cell vac-

uum-pressure process, in accordance with AWPA C1. Each

bundle shall be marked to identify the manufactured unit and

the manufacturer, and shall also be labeled to identify the clas-

sification of the material in accordance with the testing

required in Section 1505.1, the treating company and the qual-

ity control agency.

1505.7 Special purpose roofs. Reserved.

SECTION 1506MATERIALS

1506.1 Scope. The requirements set forth in this section shall

apply to the application of roof-covering materials specified

herein. Roof coverings shall be applied in accordance with this

chapter and the manufacturers installation instructions. Instal-

lation of roof coverings shall comply with the applicable

provisions of Section 1507.

1506.2 Compatibility of materials. Roofs and roof coverings

shall be of materials that are compatible with each other and

with the building or structure to which the materials are

applied.

1506.3 Material specifications and physical characteristics.

Roof-covering materials shall conform to the applicable stan-

dards listed in this chapter. In the absence of applicable stan-

dards or where materials are of questionable suitability, testing

by an approved agency shall be required by the building offi-

cial to determine the character, quality and limitations of appli-

cation of the materials.

1506.4 Product identification. Roof-covering materials shall

be delivered in packages bearing the manufacturers identify-

ing marks and approved testing agency labels required in

accordance with Section 1505. Bulk shipments of materials

shall be accompanied with the same information issued in the

form of a certificate or on a bill of lading by the manufacturer.

1506.5 Nails. Nails shall be corrosion resistant nails conform-

ing to ASTM F 1667. The corrosion resistance shall meet

ASTM A 641, Class 1 or an equal corrosion resistance by coat-

ing, electro galvanization, mechanical galvanization, hot

dipped galvanization, stainless steel, nonferrous metal and

alloys or other suitable corrosion resistant material.

1506.6 Screws. Wood screws shall conform to ANSI/ASME B

18.6.1. Screws shall be corrosion resistant by coating, galvani-

zation, stainless steel, nonferrous metal or other suitable corro-

sion-resistant material. The corrosion resistance shall be

demonstrated through one of the following methods:

1. Corrosion resistance equivalent to ASTM A 641, Class

1, or

2. Corrosion resistance in accordance with TAS 114,

Appendix E, or

3. Corrosion resistant coating exhibiting not more than 5

percent red rust after 1,000 hours exposure in accordance

with ASTM B 117.

1506.7 Clips. Clips shall be corrosion resistant clips. The cor-

rosion resistance shall meet 0.90 oz per sq ft (0.458 kg/m2)

measured according to ASTM A 90/A 90M, TAS 114 Appen-

dix E or an equal corrosion resistance coating, electro galvani-

zation, mechanical galvanization, hot dipped galvanization,

stainless steel, nonferrous metals and alloys or other suitable

corrosion resistant material. Stainless steel clips shall conform

to ASTM A 167, Type 304.

SECTION 1507REQUIREMENTS FOR ROOF COVERINGS

1507.1 Scope. Roof coverings shall be applied in accordance

with the applicable provisions of this section and the manufac-

turers installation instructions.

1507.2 Asphalt shingles. The installation of asphalt shingles

shall comply with the provisions of this section.

1507.2.1 Deck requirements. Asphalt shingles shall be

fastened to solidly sheathed decks.



1507.2.2 Slope. Asphalt shingles shall only be used on roof

slopes of two units vertical in 12 units horizontal (17-per-

cent slope) or greater. For roof slopes from two units vertical

in 12 units horizontal (17-percent slope) up to four units ver-

tical in 12 units horizontal (33-percent slope), double

underlayment application is required in accordance with

Section 1507.2.8.

1507.2.3 Underlayment. Unless otherwise noted, required

underlayment shall conform to ASTM D 226, Type I or

Type II, or ASTM D 4869 Type I or Type II.

1507.2.4 Self-adhering polymer modified bitumen sheet.

Self-adhering polymer modified bitumen sheet shall com-

ply with ASTM D 1970.

1507.2.5 Asphalt shingles. Asphalt shingles shall have

self-seal strips or be interlocking and comply with ASTM D

225 or ASTM D 3462. Shingles shall also comply with

Table 1507.2.10. Asphalt shingle packaging shall bear

labeling indicating compliance with ASTM D 3161 or a list-

ing by an approved testing agency in accordance with the

requirements of Section 1609.5.2.

1507.2.6 Fasteners. Fasteners for asphalt shingles shall be

galvanized, stainless steel, aluminum or copper roofing

nails, minimum 12 gage [0.105 inch (2.67 mm)] shank with

a minimum 0.375 inch-diameter (9.5 mm) head, of a length

to penetrate through the roofing materials and a minimumof

0.75 inch (19.1 mm) into the roof sheathing. Where the roof

sheathing is less than 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) thick, the nails

shall penetrate through the sheathing. Fasteners shall com-

ply with ASTM F 1667.

1507.2.6.1 The nail component of plastic cap nails shall

meet the corrosion resistance requirements of 1507.2.6.

1507.2.7 Attachment. Asphalt shingles shall have the min-

imum number of fasteners required by the manufacturer and

Section 1504.1. Asphalt shingles shall be secured to the roof

with not less than four fasteners per strip shingle or two fas-

teners per individual shingle. Where the roof slope exceeds

21 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (21:12), asphalt shin-

gles shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers

printed installation instructions for steep-slope roof appli-

cations.

1507.2.8 Underlayment application. For roof slopes from

two units vertical in 12 units horizontal (17-percent slope)

and up to four units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33-per-

cent slope), underlayment shall be two layers applied in the

following manner. Apply a minimum 19-inch-wide (483

mm) strip of underlayment felt parallel with and starting at

the eaves, fastened sufficiently to hold in place. Starting at

the eave, apply 36-inch-wide (914 mm) sheets of

underlayment overlapping successive sheets 19 inches (483

mm), by fastened sufficiently to hold in place. Distortions in

the underlayment shall not interfere with the ability of the

shingles to seal. For roof slopes of four units vertical in 12

units horizontal (33-percent slope) or greater, underlayment

shall be one layer applied in the following manner.

Underlayment shall be applied shingle fashion, parallel to

and starting from the eave and lapped 2 inches (51 mm), fas-

tened sufficiently to hold in place. Distortions in the

underlayment shall not interfere with the ability of the shin-

gles to seal.

1507.2.8.1 High wind attachment. Underlayment

applied in areas subject to high winds (greater than 110

mph in accordance with Figure 1609) shall be applied

with corrosion- resistant fasteners in accordance with the

manufacturers instructions. Fasteners are to be applied

along the overlap at a maximum spacing of 36 inches

(914 mm) on center.

1507.2.8.2 Ice dam membrane. Reserved.

1507.2.9 Flashings. Flashing for asphalt shingles shall

comply with this section. Flashing shall be applied in accor-

dance with this section and the asphalt shingle manufac-

turers printed instructions.

1507.2.9.1 Base and counter flashing. Base and coun-

ter flashing shall be installed as follows:

1. In accordance with manufacturers installation

instructions, or

2. A continuous metal L flashing shall be set in

approved flashing cement and set flush to base of

wall and over the underlayment. Both horizontal

and vertical metal flanges shall be fastened 6

inches (152 mm) on center with approved fasten-

ers. All laps shall be a minimum of 4 inches (102

mm) fully sealed in approved flashing cement.

Flashing shall start at the lower portion of roof to

insure water-shedding capabilities of all metal

laps. The entire edge of the horizontal flange shall

be sealed covering all nail penetrations with

approved flashing cement and membrane. Shin-

gles will overlap the horizontal flange and shall be

set in approved flashing cement.

Base flashing shall be of either corrosion resistant

metal with a minimum thickness provided in Table

1503.2 or mineral surface roll roofing weighing a mini-

mum of 77 pounds per 100 square feet (3.76 kg/m2).

Counter flashing shall be corrosion resistant metal with a

minimum thickness provided in Table 1503.2.

1507.2.9.2 Valleys. Valley linings shall be installed in

accordance with the manufacturers instructions before

applying shingles. Valley linings of the following types

shall be permitted:

1. For open valleys lined with metal, the valley lining

shall be at least 16 inches (406 mm) wide and of

any of the corrosion-resistant metals in Table

1503.2.

2. For open valleys, valley lining of two plies of min-

eral-surfaced roll roofing complying with ASTM

D 6380 Class M or ASTM D 3909 shall be permit-

ted. The bottom layer shall be 18 inches (457 mm)

and the top layer a minimum of 36 inches (914

mm) wide.

3. For closed valleys, valley lining of one ply of

smooth roll roofing complying with ASTM D

6380 Class S and at least 36 inches (914 mm) wide

or types as described in Items 1 or 2 above shall be



permitted. Specialty underlayment complying

with ASTM D 1970 may be used in lieu of the lin-

ing material.

Table 1507.2.9.2 Valley Lining Material. Reserved.

1507.2.9.3 Drip edge. Provide drip edge at eaves and

gables of shingle roofs. Overlap to be a minimum of 2

inches (51 mm). Eave drip edges shall extend inch (13

mm) below sheathing and extend back on the roof a mini-

mum of 2 inches (51 mm). Drip edge at eaves shall be

permitted to be installed either over or under the

underlayment. If installed over the underlayment, there

shall be a minimum 4 inches (51 mm) width of roof

cement installed over the drip edge flange. Drip edge

shall be mechanically fastened a maximum of 12 inches

(305 mm) on center. Where the basic wind speed per Fig-

ure 1609 is 110 mph (177 km/h) or greater or the mean

roof height exceeds 33 feet (10 058 mm), drip edges shall

be mechanically fastened a maximum of 4 inches (102

mm) on center.

1507.2.9.4 Crickets or saddles. Acricket or saddle shall

be installed on the ridge side of any chimney or penetra-

tion greater than 30 inches (762 mm) wide as measured

perpendicular to the slope. Cricket or saddle coverings

shall be sheet metal or of the same material as the roof

covering.

Exception: Any penetration that allows water to flow

around it shall not require a cricket or saddle.

1507.2.10 Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles. Asphalt

Shingles shall be classified in accordance with ASTM

D3161, TAS 107 or ASTM D7158 to resist the basic wind

speed per Figure 1609. Shingles classified as ASTM D 3161

Class D or ASTM D 7158 Class G are acceptable for use in

the 100-mph wind zone. Shingles classified as ASTM

D3161 Class F, TAS107 or ASTM D 7158 Class H are

acceptable for use in all wind zones. Asphalt shingle wrap-

pers shall indicate compliance with one of the required clas-

sifications as shown in Table 1507.2.10.

TABLE 1507.2.10WIND RESISTANCE OF ASPHALT SHINGLES

MAXIMUM BASIC WINDSPEED

MPH (per Figure 1609) CLASSIFICATION

100ASTM D 3161 Class D or ASTM D 7158

Class G or TAS 107

110ASTM D 3161 Class F or ASTM D 7158

Class G or TAS 107


Class G or TAS 107


Class H or TAS 107


Class H or TAS 107


Class H or TAS 107

1507.3 Clay and concrete tile. The installation of clay and

concrete tile shall comply with the provisions of this section.

1507.3.1 Deck requirements. Concrete and clay tile shall

be installed only over solid sheathing except where the roof

covering is specifically designed and tested in accordance

with Section 1609.5.2 to be applied over structural spaced

sheathing boards.

1507.3.2 Deck slope. Clay and concrete roof tile shall be

installed in accordance with the recommendations of

FRSA/RTI 07320.

1507.3.3 Underlayment. Unless otherwise noted, required

underlayment shall conform to: ASTM D 226, Type II;

ASTM D 2626; ASTM D 1970 or ASTM D 6380 min-

eral-surfaced roll roofing. Underlayment shall be applied

according to the tile manufacturers installation instructions

or the recommendations of the FRSA/TRI 07320.

1507.3.3.1 Slope and underlayment requirements.

Refer to FRSA/TRI manual for underlayment and slope

requirements for specific roof tile systems.

1507.3.3.2 High-slope roofs. Reserved.

1507.3.4 Clay tile. Clay roof tile shall comply with ASTM

C 1167.

1507.3.5 Concrete tile. Concrete roof tile shall comply with

ASTM C 1492.

1507.3.6 Fasteners. Tile fasteners shall be corrosion resis-

tant and not less than 11 gage,5/16-inch (8.0 mm) head, and

of sufficient length to penetrate the deck a minimum of 0.75

inch (19.1 mm) or through the thickness of the deck, which-

ever is less or in accordance with the FRSA/TRI 07320

manual. Attaching wire for clay or concrete tile shall not be

smaller than 0.083 inch (2.1 mm).

1507.3.7 Attachment. Clay and concrete roof tiles shall be

fastened in accordance with Section 1609 or in accordance

with FRSA/TRI 07320 Installation Manual.

1507.3.8 Application. Tile shall be applied according to the

manufacturers installation instructions or recommenda-

tions of the FRSA/TRI 07320.

1507.3.9 Flashing. At the juncture of the roof vertical sur-

faces, flashing and counterflashing shall be provided in

accordance with the manufacturers installation instruc-

tions or the recommendations of the FRSA/TRI 07320

Manual.

1507.4 Metal roof panels. The installation of metal roof pan-

els shall comply with the provisions of this section.

1507.4.1 Deck requirements. Metal roof panel roof cover-

ings shall be applied to a solid or closely fitted deck, except

where the roof covering is specifically designed to be

applied to spaced supports.

1507.4.2 Deck slope. Minimum slopes for metal roof panels

shall comply with the following:

1. The minimum slope for lapped, nonsoldered seam

metal roofs without applied lap sealant shall be three

units vertical in 12 units horizontal (25-percent

slope).



2. The minimum slope for lapped, nonsoldered seam

metal roofs with applied lap sealant shall be one-half

unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (4-percent slope).

Lap sealants shall be applied in accordance with the

approved manufacturers installation instructions.

3. The minimum slope for standing seam of roof sys-

tems shall be one-quarter unit vertical in 12 units hori-

zontal (2-percent slope).

1507.4.3 Material standards. Metal-sheet roof covering

systems that incorporate supporting structural members

shall be designed in accordance with Chapter 22.

Metal-sheet roof coverings installed over structural decking

shall comply with Table 1507.4.3(1). The materials used for

metal-sheet roof coverings shall be naturally corrosion

resistant or provided with corrosion resistance in accor-

dance with the standards and minimum thicknesses shown

in Table 1507.4.3(2).

TABLE 1507.4.3(2)MINIMUM CORROSION RESISTANCE

55% Aluminum-Zinc Alloy Coated

SteelASTM A 792 AZ 50

5% Aluminum Alloy-coated steel ASTM A875 GF60

Aluminum-coated steel ASTM A463 T2 65

Galvanized Steel ASTM A 653 G-90

Prepainted Steel ASTM A 755a

a. Paint systems in accordance with ASTM A 755 shall be applied over steel

products with corrosion resistant coatings complying with ASTM A 792,

ASTM A 875, ASTM A 463, or ASTM A 653.

1507.4.4 Attachment. Metal roof panels shall be secured to

the supports in accordance with the approved manufac-

turers fasteners. In the absence of manufacturer recommen-

dations, the following fasteners shall be used:

1. Galvanized fasteners shall be used for steel roofs.

2. 300 series stainless-steel fasteners shall be used for

copper roofs.



TABLE 1507.4.3(1)METAL ROOF COVERINGS

ROOF COVERING TYPE STANDARDSTANDARD APPLICATION

RATE/THICKNESS

Aluminum ASTM B 2090.024 inch minimum thickness for roll-formed panels and 0.019 inch minimum thickness for

press-formed shingles.

Aluminum-zinc

coated steelASTM A 792 0.013 inch minimum thickness, AZ 50 (coated minimum application rate)

Cold-rolled copper ASTM B 370Minimum 16 oz/sq. ft. and 12 oz./sq. ft. high yield copper for metal-sheet roof covering

systems: 12 oz/sq. ft. for preformed metal shingle systems.

Copper ASTM B 37016 oz./sq. ft. for metal-sheet roof-covering systems; 12 oz./sq. ft. for preformed metal shingle

systems.

Galvanized steel ASTM A 653 0.013 inch minimum thickness, G-90 zinc-coateda.

Hard lead 2 lbs./sq. ft.

Lead-coated copper ASTM B 101

Prepainted steel ASTM A 755

Soft lead 3 lbs./sq. ft.

Stainless steel ASTM A 240 300 Series Alloys

Steel ASTM A 924

Terne and

terne-coated stainless

Terne coating of 40 lbs. per double base box, field painted where applicable in accordance

with manufacturers installation instructions.

Zinc0.027 inch minimum thickness; 99.995% electrolytic high grade zinc with alloy additives of

copper (0.08% - 0.20%), titanium (0.07% - 0.12%) and aluminum (0.015%).

For SI: 1 ounce per square foot = 0.0026 kg/m2,

1 pound per square foot = 4.882 kg/m2,

1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg.

a. For Group U buildings, the minimum coating thickness for ASTM A 653 galvanized steel roofing shall be G-60.

3. Aluminum-zinc coated fasteners are acceptable for

aluminum-zinc coated roofs.

4. Stainless-steel fasteners are acceptable for all types of

metal roofs.

1507.4.5 Underlayment. Underlayment shall be installed

as per manufacturers installation guidelines.

1507.5 Metal roof shingles. The installation of metal roof

shingles shall comply with the provisions of this section.

1507.5.1 Deck requirements. Metal roof shingles shall be

applied to a solid or closely fitted deck, except where the

roof covering is specifically designed to be applied to

spaced sheathing.

1507.5.2 Deck slope. Metal roof shingles shall not be

installed on roof slopes below three units vertical in 12 units

horizontal (25-percent slope).

1507.5.2.1 Underlayment shall be installed as per manu-

facturers installation guidelines.

1507.5.3 Underlayment. Underlayment shall comply with

ASTM D 226, Type I or Type II or ASTM D 1970 or ASTM

D 4869.

1507.5.4 Material standards. Metal roof shingle roof cov-

erings shall comply with Table 1507.4.3(1). The materials

used for metal-roof shingle roof coverings shall be naturally

corrosion resistant or provided with corrosion resistance in

accordance with the standards and minimum thicknesses

specified in the standards listed in Table 1507.4.3(2).

1507.5.5 Attachment. Metal roof shingles shall be secured

to the roof in accordance with the approved manufacturers

installation instructions.

1507.5.6 Flashing. Roof valley flashing shall be of corro-

sion-resistant metal of the same material as the roof cover-

ing or shall comply with the standards in Table 1507.4.3.

The valley flashing shall extend at least 8 inches (203 mm)

from the centerline each way and shall have a splash diverter

rib not less than 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) high at the flow line

formed as part of the flashing. Sections of flashing shall

have an end lap of not less than 4 inches (102 mm).

1507.6 Mineral-surfaced roll roofing. The installation of

mineral-surfaced roll roofing shall comply with this section.

1507.6.1 Deck requirements. Mineral-sur

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