Chapter 12Using Energy

Lesson 1 Heat

• Heat- the total amount of thermal energy an object releases

• Temperature- the measurement of the average energy of molecules

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How does heat travel?

• Conduction – passing of heat through a material while the material stays in place

• Convection – flow of thermal energy through a liquid or gas, hot rises and cool sinks

• Radiation – transfer of energy through electromagnetic rays

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Lesson 2 Sound

• Sound wave – series of rarefactions & compressions through a substance

• Medium – substance through which the wave travels

*Sound tends to travel with the greatest speed through solids and slowest through gases

• Frequency - number of times an object vibrates per second

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Lesson 3 Light

• Photon – tiny bundle of energy by which light travels

• Translucent – objects that blur light as it passes through

• Image – a “picture” of the light source that light makes bouncing off shiny surfaces

Prism – a way to separate light

• Electromagnetism – the way electric & magnetic forces interact

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Lesson 4 Electricity

• Electricity – the movement of electrons

• Circuit – formed when an electric current passes through an unbroken path of conductors

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Lesson 5 Magnetism

• Magnetism – the ability of an object to puch or pull on another object that has the magnetic property

• Magnetic field – a region of magnetic force around a magnet, represented by lines