chapter 12 ecology hour1 edited

7/30/2019 Chapter 12 ECOLOGY Hour1 Edited

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Powerpoint@lecture Slides Are Prepared By Biology Lecturer, KMPk
mailto:point@lecturemailto:point@lecture


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12.1 : Introduction to ecology

12.2 : Ecosystem concept

12.3 : Energy Flow through ecosystem

12.4 : Biogeochemical cycles

12.5 : Biodiversity:

Conservation & management


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At the end of this topic, students should be

able to;

Define basic terminologies:

niche, habitat, organism, population, community,

ecosystem, biome, biosphere.

Explain ecosystem concept


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12.1 INTRODUCTION TO

ECOLOGY

Ecology is the study of the

interactions among organisms andbetween organisms and their physical

environment.


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~ niche

~ habitat

~ organism

~ population

~ community

~ ecosystem

~ biome~ biosphere

BASIC TERMS IN ECOLOGY


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Niche is the status or roleof an organism in itshabitat /environment.

Eg : Feeding behaviours

aphid and caterpillar lives

in same plant, but they

have different habit ofeating, aphid suck the

plant saps and caterpillar

eats the leaf.


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Habitat is the place in which anorganism lives

characterized by its physical (abiotic) orbiotic factors that influences the life of

the organism.

Examples : streams, ponds, rivers andlakes.


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The systems working together with

complexity make up the complex living

organism.

ORGANISM


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POPULATION

Group of individuals of the same species livingtogether in particular geographic area.


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All the different species that

live in a place are called a

community

(A forest community, for

example contains trees,

deer, woodpeckers & fungi).

COMMUNITY


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A community and

the physical

environment in

which it lives is

called anecological system

or ecosystem.

ECOSYSTEM


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Major terrestrial ecosystems, called biomes

Climate controlled group of plants & animals in the

wide area

BIOME


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BIOME

Examples of biome include

desert, tropical rain forests

and tundra.


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All of the communities of living things on earth

are organized into the biosphere.

BIOSPHERE


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The atmosphere isthe gaseous envelopesurrounding Earth

The hydrosphereis Earths

supply of water (liquid and

frozen, fresh and salty)

The lithosphere is thesoil and rock of the

Earths crust.

BIOSPHERE


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12.2 ECOSYSTEM CONCEPT

Definition according to Odum (1969)

Basic functional unit of nature including

both organisms and their non-livingenvironment.

Each interacting with other andinfluencing each others

Both necessary for maintenance and

development of the system.


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Life hierarchical order

Each living system has several levels of organization and we canalso organize organisms on the ecological level

Biosphere

Biome ecology

Ecosystem study

Community Population

Organism biodiversity

Organ

Tissue

Cell biological cell

Protoplasm/organelle

Gene genetic


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ECOSYSTEM CONCEPTComponent of ecosystem

chapter 12 ecology hour1 edited

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