chapter 12 © 2004 pearson education, inc. white-collar and organized crime © 2004 pearson...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 12
© 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
White-Collar and Organized Crime
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White-Collar Crime
Violations of the criminal law committed by a person of respectability and high social status,…
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…in the course of his or her occupation
White-Collar Crime
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The financial cost of white-collar crime is probably several times as great as…
White-Collar Crime
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…the financial costs of all the crimes which
are customarily regarded as the
“crime problem”
White-Collar Crime
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White-collar criminals are far less likely to be investigated,…
White-Collar Crime
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…arrested, or prosecuted than are other types of offenders
White-Collar Crime
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• Chief criterion for a crime to be “white-collar” is that it occurs as part of, or a deviation from, the violator’s occupational role
White-Collar Crime
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• Organizational occupational crime
• State authority occupational crime
White-Collar Crime
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• Professional occupational crime
• Individual occupational crime
White-Collar Crime
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Corporate CrimeCorporate Crime
A violation of a criminal statute either by a corporate entity or by its executives, employees, or agents…
White-Collar Crime
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…acting on behalf of and for the benefit of the corporation, partnership, or other form of business entity
Corporate CrimeCorporate CrimeCorporate Crime
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Organized Crime
• Historical beginnings in Italy
• Black Hand
• Mafia© 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Black HandBlack Hand
Specialized in the intimidation of Italian immigrants
Organized Crime
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Organized Crime
Black HandBlack Hand
Especially powerful in Detroit, St. Louis, Kansas City, and New Orleans
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MafiaMafia
• Roots in Sicily
Organized Crime
• Own set of codes and laws
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Organized Crime
La Cosa NostraLa Cosa Nostra
• Italian-American criminal organization
• Originated in Sicily
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Organized CrimeProhibitionProhibition
• Gave organized crime vital financial gains
• Produced unheralded wealth for the Mafia
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Activities Activities
Organized Crime
1. Racketeering
2. Vice operations
3. Theft / fence rings© 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Organized CrimeActivities Activities
4. Gangs
5. Terrorism
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Code of Conduct (omerta)Code of Conduct (omerta)
• Governs behavior among members
• Unwritten
Organized Crime
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• Initiation ritual
• Loyalty, respect, honor
Organized Crime
Code of Conduct (omerta)Code of Conduct (omerta)
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• Obey your superiors
• Keep silent
Organized Crime
Code of Conduct (omerta)Code of Conduct (omerta)
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• Black Mafia
• Cuban Mafia
• Haitian Mafia
Organized Crime
Other organizationsOther organizations
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• Columbian Cartels
• Russian Mafia
• Asian Criminals
Organized Crime
Other organizationsOther organizations
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• Inner-city gangs
• Outlaw motorcycle gangs
• International drug rings
Organized Crime
Other organizationsOther organizations
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Unlawful activity undertaken and supported by organized criminal groups operating across national boundaries
Organized CrimeTransnational Organized
CrimeTransnational Organized
Crime
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RICORICO
Focused on ill-gotten gains
from racketeering activity
Organized Crime and the Law
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allowsthe government
to seize the proceeds of
racketeers
Organized Crime
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Asset ForfeitureAsset Forfeiture
Money LaunderingMoney Laundering
The process by which illegal gains are disguised as legal income
Organized Crime
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