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CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH AMERICA

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Page 1: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

CHAPTER10:THEAMERICANREVOLUTIONANDBRITISH

NORTHAMERICA

Page 2: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

TIMeline

• Timeline• 1759 – BattleofthePlainsofAbraham• 1760 – TreatyofParisendsSevenYears’War• 1763 – RoyalProclamationlimitsgrowthofAmericanColonies• 1765 – StampActpassed• 1768 – Tecumsehborn• 1773 – BostonTeaParty• 1774 – QuebecActpassed

Page 3: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

timeline

• 1774 – ContinentalCongressmeeting• 1775 – AmericanRevolutionbegins• 1775 – AmericanstriedandfailedtoseizeQuebec• 1776 – AmericanDeclarationofIndependence• 1783 – AmericanRevolutionendswithAmericanVictory• 1791 – ConstitutionalActcreatesEnglishUpperCanadaandFrenchLowerCanada• 1812 – WarbreaksoutbetweenBritishNorthAmericaandtheUnitedStates• 1815 – EndoftheWarof1812

Page 4: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

THEFALLOFQUEBEC

• TheSevenYears’Warendedin1759withthesurrenderofthefortressandcityofQuebec

• TheFrenchgovernor,theMarquisdeVaudreuil,heldontoMontrealandnearlybeattheBritishin1760 inabattleatSte Foy.HesurrenderedtotheBritish whenherealizedtherewasnohelpfromFrancecominguptheSt.LawrenceRiver.

Page 5: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

THEFALLOFQUEBEC

• AccordingtotheTreatyofParis(signedin1763),France gaveupallrightsandcoloniesinNorthAmericatoBritainexcept:• LouisianaandthestateofNewOrleans...whichshegavetoSpain

• TheislandsofSt.PierreandMiquelon,nearNewfoundland

• FrancereceivedMartinique,Guadaloupe andothersugarislandsintheCaribbeaninexchangeforitsNorthAmericancoloniesthroughtheTreatyofParis• ThisiswhymanypeopleinHaiti speakFrench!

Page 6: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

BRITISHRULEOFQUEBEC

• Quebeccameundermilitaryrule followingtheSevenYears’War;soldierswereeverywhere

• TheBritishhadhopedthattheFrenchwouldforgettheirlanguageandtraditions butitdidnothappen

• TheBritishtreatedtheCanadiens reasonablywell– theypaidforsuppliesinsteadofstealing them,manyFrenchCaptainsofMilitiakepttheirjobs

Page 7: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

BRITISHRULEOFQUEBEC

• Frenchfurmerchants departedforFranceorwenttoLouisiana followingthefallofNewFranceandwerereplaced byScottish andAmerican traderswhobasedoutofMontreal (andthereforebecame knownas“Montrealers”.• These “Montrealers”wererowdy(accordingtotheBritish)andtookover/expanded furtradingroutestothewest,eventually setting uptheNorthWestCompany andsending explorerstothePacific Ocean.

Page 8: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

NATIVERESISTANCE

• Nativepeopleswerenotatallhappy withtheresultsoftheSevenYears’War

• TheyknewthatBritishandAnglo-Americantradersandsettlerswereaseriousthreat totheirwayoflife

• Scottish;scottish;factories;LandSpeculators

• Nativegroupswereveryjustified intheir concerns. JeffreyAmhers,commander oftheBritisharmyinNewFrance inthe1960sdeliberatelyspread thedeadly smallpoxtotheaboriginal peoplesbyorderinghissoldiers togiveawayblankets infectedwiththedisease.

Page 9: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

NATIVERESISTANCE

• Whydidn’tBritainanswerthenativepeoples’ pleatostopincreased tradeandsettlement?• Scottish tradersweresupported byScottish membersoftheBritishparliament• LargeBritishfactories soldgoodsthroughthetradersanddidnotwantthistradetostop

• Landspeculators (onewhobuysandsells landwiththeexpectation ofprofit)hadalotofsupportfortheiractivities inBritain

Page 10: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

NATIVERESISTANCE

• TheOttawachiefnamedPontiac triedtounite nativetribes tofighttheBritish.• Hisdream:buildingasingleaboriginal nation intheinteriorofNorthAmerica

• Heneeded butdidnotgetmilitarysupportfromtheFrench• British forces defeated himandhiswarriors• Followinghisdeath,SirWilliam Johnson,afriendoftheMohawks,calledapeaceconferencethatsplit hisremainingsupporters

• Hisresistance forcedtheBritish governmenttorethinktheirpolicyinAmerica,resulting in…

Page 11: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

AROYALPROCLAMATION

• In1763 KingGeorgeIIIissuedaRoyalProclamation(anannouncementthathadtheforceoflaw)• Itcutofflandspeculationtothewest oftheAppalachianMountains,meaningsettlersfromtheThirteenColonies couldnotmoveintotheOhioValleyandotherdesirableareas

• ItrecognizedthatmostofthelandswestoftheAppalachianMountainsbelongedtothenativepeoplessosettlersandtraderswouldneedpermission toentertheirland.

• Ithasneverbeencancelledandmanyfirstnationslandclaimagreementsrefertoit.

Page 12: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

AROYALPROCLAMATION

• TheRoyalProclamationmadethecolonistsfeelthattheBritishgovernmentdidnotregardthemasequals andindirectly ledtotheAmericanRevolution whichresultedintothecreationoftheUnitedStates.

Page 13: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

THEQUEBECACT

• In1774 theBritishgovernmentpassedtheQuebecActmakingtheconqueredterritoryintoanewBritishcolony.

• Ingeneral,theActwasgoodfortheFrench butitcausedmajorproblemswiththeAmericans.

• ItrecognizedtheimportanceoftheCatholic Church,keptFrenchlaw forbusinessmattersandmadeQuebeclarger bysettingitsboundariesfarthertothenorth andeast.

• ItcontainedsecretinstructionstothegovernortointroduceEnglishcivillawandsuppresstheCatholicChurch.

Page 14: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

THEQUEBECACT

• Manyhabitants weredisappointedwiththeQuebecActbecausetheyexpectedtogetanelectedassembly,similartotheonethattheThirteenColonieshad,buttheydidnot.

• TheQuebecActangeredtheAmerican colonistsbecausetheywerenowabsolutelypreventedfromexpandingintotheOhiovalley.TheyalsosawthelackofanelectedassemblyasanominoussignthattheBritishwouldnotgrantthemmoredemocraticrights.

• TheQuebecActisthoughttohaveleadstraighttotheAmericanRevolution.

Page 15: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

THEAMERICANREVOLUTION

• TheBritishthoughttheAmericancolonistsweretroublesome andargumentativebecause theyhadstirreduptroublewiththeFrenchandnative peoples.• British troopsandshipsweresenttosettle thesetroubles andthevictorieswerebeingsubsidized byBritain’staxpayers.

• Britaindecided thatAmericanshouldpaytax• ThisdecisionwasmadewithoutAmericanconsentandtheyresisted butresented beingmadetofeel likesecond-class citizens

Page 16: CHAPTER 10: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AND BRITISH NORTH … · North American colonies through the Treaty of Paris • This is why many people in Haiti speak French! BRITISH RULE OF

THEAMERICANREVOLUTION

• WhydidtheAmerican leaders haveahardtime opposingtheBritish?• Eachcolony wasseparate andhaditsownlegislature• People identified withthecolony inwhichtheylived.• Manypeoplehadclose linkswithBritainandevenownedproperty inthehomecountry.

• Therewerestrongbusiness ties betweenBritainandNorthAmerica.Britainusedrawmaterials fromNorthAmerica initsfactories andsentbackmanufacturedgoods

• AttheContinental Congress of1774,Americans decided toworktogether andpresentaunifiedfront toBritain.Eachcolonysentadelegate totheevent inPhiladelphia


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