chapter 10 social class in the united states 1301872894 phpapp01

8/2/2019 Chapter 10 Social Class in the United States 1301872894 Phpapp01

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Chapter 10Social Class in the

United States
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What is Social Class? Social Class according to Weber, a large group of

people who rank close to on another in property,

prestige, and power; according to Marx, one of twogroups: capitalist who own the means ofproduction or the workers who sell their labor.

Property material possessions

Wealth - the total value of everything someoneowns, minus the debts

Income money received, usually from a job,business, or assets


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What is Social Class?

Power the ability to carry out your will, evenover the resistance of others

Power Elite C. Wright Mills term for the toppeople in U.S. Corporations, Military, andPolitics who make the nations major decisions

Prestige respect or regard


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What is Social Class?


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Status Inconsistency Status Consistency ranking high are low on

all three dimensions of social status

Social Inconstancy ranking high on somedimensions of social class and low on others,a.k.a. status discrepancy

Status the position that someone occupies in

society or a social groupAnomie Durkheims term for a condition inwhich people become detached from thenorms that usually guide their behavior


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Sociological Models of Social ClassUpdating Marx

Capitalists

Petty Bourgeoisie

Managers

Workers


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Sociological Models of Social Class

Updating Weber

Capitalist Class The Upper Middle Class

The Lower Middle Class

The Working Class The Working Poor

The Underclass


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Social Class in the Auto Industry - Ford

The Fords - Capitalist Class

Ford Executives - Lower Capitalist Class

Owner Ford Dealership - Upper Middle

Ford Salesperson - Lower Middle Class

Ford Mechanics - Working Class

Ford Detailer - Working Poor Car Lot Cleaner - Underclass


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Consequences of Social Class Physical Health Mental Health Family Life

Choices of Husbands and Wives Divorce Child Rearing

Education

Religion Politics Crime and the Judicial System Social Class and the Changing Economy


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Social Mobility 3 types Intergenerational Mobility the change that

family members make in social class from onegeneration to the next Upward Social Mobility movement up the

social class ladder

Downward Social Mobility movementdown the social class ladder Structural Mobility movement up or down

the social ladder because of changes in thestructure of society, not to individual efforts

Exchange Mobility about the same numbersof people moving up and down the social classladder, such that, on balance, the social classsystem shows little change


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Interpreting Statistics on Social Mobility

Apple Doesnt Fall Far From

TreeThe Pain of Social Mobility


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Poverty

Poverty Line the official measure

of poverty; calculated to includeincomes that are less than threetimes a low-cost food budget

Feminization of Poverty a trendin U.S. poverty whereby most poorfamilies are headed by omen


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Myths About the Poor

Most are Lazy

Poor are Trapped and FewEscape

Most are Latino and African-American


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Dynamics of Poverty

Culture of Poverty the assumption that thevalues and behaviors of the poor make them

fundamentally different from other people, thatthese factors are largely responsible for theirpoverty, and that parents perpetuate povertyacross generations by passing these

characteristics to their children

Most Poverty is Short-lived


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Who are the poor?

Poverty is unequally distributed in the

U.S.. Racial Ethnic minorities(except Asian Americans), children,women-headed households, andrural Americans are more likely thanothers to be poor. The poverty rateof the elderly is less that that of thegeneral population.


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Why are people poor? Some social analysts believe that characteristics

of individuals cause poverty. Sociologists, in

contrast, examine structural features of society,such as employment opportunities, to find thecauses of poverty. Sociologists generallyconclude that life orientations are a

consequence, not the cause, of peoples positionin the social class structure.


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Deferred Gratification Deferred Gratification forgoing something in

the present in the hope of achieving greater

gains in the future Good Book
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Horatio Alger Horatio Alger Myth- the belief that due

to limitless possibilities anyone can getahead if he or she tries hard enough

Encourages people to strive to get ahead

Also deflects blame for failure from society

to the individual

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