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PRINCIPLES OF BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

CBB 20104

Chapter 1: Introduction

CONTENTCONTENT

DefinitionScope of bioprocess technologies Chemical vs. bioprocess technology Industrial overview in Malaysia

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

Define bioprocess technology Describe the important scope of bioprocess

technologies Evaluate the differences between chemical and

bioprocess technology Discuss about bioprocess industries in

Malaysia

ENGINEERING VS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

What are the differences??

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Engineering

Engineering encompasses theories relating to research, development, design and operations.

Involves a wide spectrum of activities extending from the conception, design, development and formulation of new systems and products,

Engineers often work closely with engineering scientists in developing new technology via research projects

Engineering Technology

Technology primarily focuses on hands-on, application of the theories and principles of engineering and science to every day operations (manufacturing, electronics and medicine, marketing, field testing, design etc.)

Technologists, technicians and craftsmen would be more inclined to work in manufacturing and production line.

Complementary to the engineers, the engineering technologist implement engineering works by applying engineering and scientific knowledge combined with technical skills to support engineering activities.

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BIOPROCESSBIOPROCESS

Bioprocess operations make use of microbial, animal and plant cells and components of cells such as enzymes to manufacture new products and destroy harmful wastes.

Bioprocesses have been developed for an enormous range of commercial products, from relatively cheap materials such as industrial alcohol and organic solvents, to expensive specialty chemicals such as antibiotics, therapeutic proteins and vaccines.

Industrially-useful enzymes and living cells such as bakers and brewers yeast are also commercial products of bioprocessing.

Industrial Enzymes

Antibiotics

Amino acids

Therapeutics protein

Vitamins

PRODUCTS OF BIOPROCESSING

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BIOPROCESS ENGINEERINGBIOPROCESS ENGINEERING

Is a specialization of biotechnology, chemical engineering or of agricultural engineering

Deals with the design and development of equipment and processes for the manufacturing of products such as food, feed, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, chemicals, and polymers and paper from biological materials

May include the work of mechanical, electrical and industrial engineers to apply principles of their disciplines to processes based on using living cells or sub component of such cells

BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGYBIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY

Processing Biological Materials by biological means Group of techniques involved in transforming raw

materials by biological catalysts into useful products and acceptable for human and animal consumption

Considered as important and integral part of Biotechnology

Raw material

Useful products

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Possible Drawbacks Of BioprocessPossible Drawbacks Of Bioprocess

CHEMICAL VS. BIOPROCESS CHEMICAL VS. BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY

Chemical BioprocessDepend on the physical properties and selection of procedure of the process

Depend on the type of biomolecules,quantity of biomolecules

Bigger scale Smaller scale

No need to sterilize Need sterilize

Dont need frequent validation of safety and sterility

Frequent validation of safety and sterility

Continuous and batch. Normally done in batch

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Potential mixed mode Potential mixed mode (chemical and biochemical)(chemical and biochemical)

THE STORY OF PENICILLIN: HOW BIOLOGISTS AND ENGINEERS WORK TOGETHER?

Ref: Shuler M.L. and Kargi F. (2002) Bioprocess Engineering Basic Concepts, pg. 3

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Who found the Penicillium genus? When and Where? Who was the biologist? Who was the engineer? Hurdles?

STAGES IN BIOPROCESSSTAGES IN BIOPROCESS

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Step 1-11 involved with genetic manipulation of the host organism; Animal DNA was cloned into E.Coli. Done in laboratories on small scale by scientist (molecular biology and microbiologist)

Step 12 growth of cells in certain condition or environment can be function culture production

Step 13 Bench top bioreactor used for 1st stage when culture condition known.

STAGES IN BIOPROCESSSTAGES IN BIOPROCESS

Step 14 Scale up to pilot scale bioreactor capacity 100-1000 litres.

Step 15 If the previous process successful, design industrial scale operation starts

Step 16 Product recovery to produce final product

Step 17 Product isolated with sufficient purity

STAGES IN BIOPROCESS cont.STAGES IN BIOPROCESS cont.

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Filtration Centrifugation Sedimentation

Solid liquid separation

Membrane filtration

Extraction Evaporation

Product Concentration

Precipitation Adsorption Chromato-

graphy

Purification

Crystallization Drying

Polishing

Techniques involved in DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING

INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

Yogurt Pickles Cheese Amino acid - Stevian Biotechnology Corporation Sdn Bhd Vitamins Natural vinegar (Chemical Industries Malaya Sdn. Bhd.) Liquefied CO2 (Chemical Industries Malaya Sdn. Bhd.) Ethanol (Chemical Industries Malaya Sdn. Bhd.) Yeast (Mauri Fermentation (M) Sdn. Bhd.) Current technologies???

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On October 15, 1980 Genentech shares went from $35 to $ 89 producing Insulin from microbial fermentation. This was the first recombinant DNA product.

Tongkat Ali capsules - Orgacare Bio-Ali (OrgacarePharmaceutical Sdn. Bhd.)

Kacip Fatimah capsules Bio Kacima (OrgacarePharmaceutical Sdn. Bhd.)

Noni (Mengkudu) Bio Noni (Orgacare Pharmaceutical Sdn. Bhd.)

Monosodium glutamate Ajinomoto (Malaysia) Berhad. Enzymes - Novozymes Malaysia Sdn Bhd.

INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

The Biotechnology R&D Grant Scheme established in 2001 under the National Biotechnology Directorate approved a total of RM95.3 million for 47 biotechnology research projects.

Of this total, 11 projects were classified as ready for commercialization.

In terms of intellectual capital, these R&D projects generated 27 patents filed in Malaysia and one filed internationally.

INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

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INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN INDUSTRIAL OVERVIEW IN MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

BIONEXUS STATUSBIONEXUS STATUS

BioNexus is a special status awarded to qualified international and Malaysian biotechnology companies.

The status endows fiscal incentives, grants and other guarantees to assist growth.

Since 2005, BiotechCorp has facilitated the development of 217 BioNexus-status companies in Malaysia with total approved investment of RM 2.64 billion.

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BIONEXUS STATUS COMPANIESBIONEXUS STATUS COMPANIES

BIONEXUS STATUS COMPANIESBIONEXUS STATUS COMPANIES

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MAJOR BIOTECHNOLOGY MAJOR BIOTECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTSINVESTMENTS

Indias first billion-dollar biotechnology company and one of the biggest biotechnology companies in Asia to establish a biomanufacturing and R&D facility. Investment of RM 1 billion.

Biocon (India)

US-based company producing technical-grade ethanol from crude glycerin using the metabolic pathway process. Investment of RM46 million.

GlycosBio (USA)

French company establishing its first propanediolmanufacturing plant. Investment of RM100 million.

Metabolic Explorer (France)

Indian-based manufacturer of biopharmaceuticals and sterile injectables. Investment of RM80 million.

Strides Arcolab Limited (India)

a joint venture partnership between South Koreas CJ CheilJedang Corporation (CJ) and Frances Arkema SA.

worlds first bio-methionine plant and Asias first thiochemicalplatform. Investment of RM2 billion.

CJ CheilJedang Arkema SA

Norway-based BioProtein AS will team up with its local partner to manufacture high-protein or bio-protein feed for use in the aquaculture industry. Investment of RM600 million.

BioProtein AS

Japan-based Mitsui will collaborate with Malaysian company Sime Darby to build a bioethanol demonstration plant by converting empty oil palm fruit bunches.

Mitsui & Co. Sime Darby

MAJOR BIOTECHNOLOGY MAJOR BIOTECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTSINVESTMENTS

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Bio-Xcell A biotechnology park and ecosystem dedicated to healthcare and

industrial biotechnology strategically located on 160 acres in Nusajaya, within the

Iskandar region of Johor, Malaysia Biocon, GlycosBio & Stelis Biopharma

Kertih Biopolymer Located on a 70 hectare land in ECERs Kertih Biopolymer Park, the project involves the development of Koreas CJ CheilJedang

(CJ)s bio-methionine plant and Frances Arkemas thiochemicals The integrated facility will be the first in the world to use

fermentation process in producing L-methionine, an amino acid commonly used in the manufacturing of animal feed.

Lead by MOSTI and BiotechCorp, the BIM programmeseeks to foster the participation of the private sector in developing the nation's bioeconomy

Bioeconomy refers to all economic activity that is derived from the continued commercial application of biotechnology. It encompasses the production of renewable biological resources and their conversion into food, feed, chemicals, energy and healthcare wellness products via innovative and efficient technologies.

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ExtractsBiofeedIndustrial biotechnology

Genomics Biofertilizers Biocontrol Biosimilar

A sustainable economythat uses biological

resources from land and sea as input to the industry and energy sector and bio-based process to green industries

and to recycle waste streams.

Based on knowledge and innovation in

biosciences, in convergence with other technologies,

e.g. engineering, chemistry, computer

science and nanotechnologies. i.e

driven by BIOTECHNOLOGY

Converging all industries and

economic sectors that produce, manage and otherwise make use

of biological resources (incl. bio-

waste) such as agriculture,

forestry, fisheries, food, wellness, chemicals and

energy.

The move to a GREEN FUTURE

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BIOECONOMY

CROs & CMOs

MARINEBIOECONOM

Y

BIOSECURITY

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