chapter 1 intro to industrial robot automation

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JV502 INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS AUTOMATION CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS AUTOMATION

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  • 1. CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL ROBOTSAUTOMATION

2. Learning Outcomes:Upon completion this chapter, student should beable:-1. Define the robots automation2. State the advantages and disadvantages of robotsautomation3. List six types of robot automation correctly.4. Explain the robots automation in productionsystem 3. Contents1. Introduction of robots automation2. Advantages and disadvantages of robot automation3. Types of robots automation4. Robot automation in production system 4. Introduction of Robots Automation Robot is a machine that can be programmed toperform a variety of jobs Can range from simple machines to highly complex,computer-controlled devices 5. For a machine to qualify as a robot, it usually needsthese 5 parts:i. Controllerii. Manipulatoriii. Actuatoriv. End Effectorsv. Sensor 6. Controller Connected to a computer Controller function as the brain of the robot Controller also allows the robot to be networked toother systems. Robot have controller that are run by programme set ofinstruction written in code. 7. Manipulator Robot arm come in all shapes and size The arm is the part of the robot that positions the end-effectorand sensors Many resemble human arm and have shoulder, elbow,wrist, even fingers A simple robot arm with 3 degrees of freedom couldmove 3 way; up and down, left and right, forward andbackward. 8. Actuator actuator is a mechanism used to drive the processor toallow it to move to a predetermined point. consists of components such as pneumatic andhydraulic cylinders, pneumatic and hydraulic rotarymotor, and the electric motor. robot position also depends on the combination ofthese components. The robot has a simple movement is driven by amechanical system that uses a cam. 9. End -Effector Connected to the robot arm. It could be a tool such as a gripper, a vacuum pumpand etc. Some robots can change end-effectors and beprogrammed for a different task. If robot has more than one arm, there can be morethan one end-effector on the same robot. 10. Sensor Sensor can provide some limited feedback to the robotto do a job. Sensor send information in the form of electronicsignal back to the controller. Sensor also give the robot controller information aboutits surrounding and lets it know the exact position ofthe arm. 11. Advantages and disadvantagesAdvantages: Robot never get sick or need rest When the task required would be dangerous for aperson, robot can do the work instead Robot can work repetitive and unrewarding 12. Disadvantages: Not creative or innovative Do not think independently Do not make complicated decisions Do not learn from mistakes Do not adapt quickly to changes in their surroundings 13. Types Of Robots AutomationThere are 6 types of robot : Cartesian/Gantry Robot Cylindrical Robot Spherical/Polar Robot SCARA Robot Articulated Robot Parallel Robot 14. Cartesian Robot It used for pick and place work, application of sealant,assembly operation, handling machine tools and arcwelding This arm robot has three prismatic joints, whose axesare coincident with a Cartesian coordinator X =horizontal, left and right motions Y = vertical, up and down motions Z = horizontal, forward and backward motions 15. Cylindrical Robot It used for assembly operations, handling at machinetools, spot welding and handling at die-castingmachines This robot axes form a cylindrical coordinate system X = horizontal rotation of 360, left and right motions Y = vertical, up and down motions Z = horizontal, forward and backward motions 16. Spherical/Polar Robot Used for handling at machine tools, spot welding, die-casting,fettling machines, gas welding and arcwelding. Robot axes form a polar coordinate system. X = horizontal rotation of 360, left and right motions Y = vertical rotation of 270, up and down motions Z = horizontal, forward and backward motions 17. SCARA Robot SCARA (Selective Compliant Assembly Robot Arm) Used for pick and place work, application of sealant,assembly operations and handling machine tools This robot has 2 parallel rotary joints to providecompliance in a plane 18. Articulated Robot Used for assembly operations, die-casting, fettlingmachines, gas welding, arc welding and spray painting This robot arm has at least 3 rotary joints X = horizontal rotation of 360 left and right motions Y = vertical rotation of 270, up and down motions Z = horizontal & vertical rotation of 90 to 180, forwardand backward motions 19. Parallel Robot This robot is used for mobile platform handlingcockpit flight simulators This robot arm has concurrent prismatic or rotaryjoints 20. Application Robot Automation inproduction system Welding Spray painting Assembly Palletizing and Material Handling Semiconductor industry