chapter 1 information technology, the internet, and you

Chapter 1Information Technology,

The Internet, and You

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Competencies (Today’s lecture)

• Explain the five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data.

• Distinguish between system software and application software.

• Discuss the three kinds of system software programs.

• Distinguish between basic and specialized application software.

Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Competencies (Next lecture)

• Identify the four types of computers and the six types of microcomputers.

• Describe the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input, output, storage, and communication devices.

• Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files.

• Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, and the Internet.


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Introduction

• Computer competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills

• Microcomputers are common tools in all areas of life• New forms of learning have developed• New ways to communicate, to find people with

similar interests, and to buy goods are available.

• Give me an example of how technology changed your life?


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Click to Play

G4TECH VIDEO


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Five Parts of an Information System

1. People

2. Procedures

3. Software

4. Hardware

5. Data


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• People: are the end-users• Procedures: the rules and regulations for people to

follow when using software, hardware, and data.• Software (aka programs): Step by step instructions

that tell the computer how to do its work.• Hardware: the equipment that processes the data to

create information.• Data: the raw unprocessed facts including text,

numbers, images and sounds.

The 5 pillars of information systems


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Information Technology

(IT)

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People

• Most important part of any system• Contact is …

– Direct– Indirect

• Computer uses– Business & Entertainment– Education & Medicine

• How do you used computer applications throughout the day?


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Software

• Known as Programs • Two major kinds of software

– System Software– Application Software


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• Computers are devices that follow instructions to accept input, process it, and produce information.

• In this book, we’ll be focusing on microcomputers, but there are other types of computers that you will probably hear about.

Hardware


Hardware - Types of Computers

• Supercomputers• Mainframe computers• Minicomputers (also

known as mid-range

computers)• Microcomputers


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• the most powerful; • special high-capacity computers • used in very large corporations • Example: in Japan they uses it to predict

earthquakes, NASA uses to predict weather forecast.

Supercomputers

Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.1-22

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• not as strong as supercomputers; • occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms; • Example: insurance companies use it to process

information about millions of policyholders.

Mainframe Computers


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• known as midrange computers

• are refrigerator sized machines

• used in medium sized companies or departments in large companies

Minicomputers


Microcomputer Types

• least powerful but most widely used and fastest-growing type of computers

• Desktop• Media Center• Notebook or laptop• Netbook• Tablet PC• Handheld (PDAs

Smart phones)


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Desktop Computers

• Desktop computers are small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk yet are too big to carry around

Return


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• Blur the line between desktop computers and a dedicated entertainment device.

Media Center


Notebook or Laptop Computers

• Notebook computers, also known as laptop computers, are portable, lightweight, and fit into most briefcases


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• Are smaller, lighter, and less expensive than notebook computers.

Netbook


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Tablet PC

• A tablet PC is a type of notebook computer that accepts your handwriting. This input is digitized and converted to standard text that can be further processed by programs such as a word processor.

ReturnCopyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Handheld

• Are the smallest and are also known as palm computers.

• Personal digital assistants (PDA’s) and smart phones are the most widely used handheld computer.


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Microcomputer Hardware

• Four basic categories of equipment:– System Unit– Input/output– Secondary Storage– Communication


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• Systems unit-container houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system1. The microprocessor controls and manipulates data

to produce information

2. Memory holds data, instructions, and information.

• Memory is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted

System Unit


Input/Output Devices

• input device translates data and programs that people use into a form that computers can use. The most common input devices are keyboard and mouses.

• Output devices translate the information processed from computers into a form that humans can understand. The most common are printers and monitors.

Return


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Secondary Storage

Return

• Unlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even if electrical power is not available

• The most important types of secondary media are hard, solid state and optical disks


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• uses a rigid metallic platter with read/write heads that move across the platter. Data are stored using magnetic charges.

Secondary Storage 1) Hard Disks


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• Solid State storages does not have moving parts, more reliable, and require less power.– Solid state drives (internal hard disk)– flash memory cards (used in portable

devices)– USB drives (commonly used).

Secondary Storage2) Solid State Storage


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• Optical discs uses laser technology and have the greatest capacity.

• You are probably familiar with CD, DVD, and HI-Def disks.

Secondary Storage3) Optical Discs


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Communications

• Communication Devices provide microcomputers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems across the globe

• The modem is the most widely used communication device

• Modems modify telephone communications into a form that can be processed by a computer

• Modems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone lines


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Data

• Raw, unprocessed facts• Processed data becomes information• Stored electronically in files

– Document files– Worksheet files– Database files– Presentation files


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Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and the Internet

• Connectivity– Sharing of

information – Wireless

communication has widespread use

• Computer networks– Connected

communication system of computers

– Largest network is the Internet


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Careers in IT

• For a complete listing of careers, visit http://www.computing2010.com/ keyword: careers


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chapter 1 information technology, the internet, and you

Documents

mcgrawhill companies

data copyright

information technology

system contact

system unit

g4tech video copyright

computer connectivity

computer applications