CH

AP

TE

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11111111Information

Systems

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Competencies

Organizational structure

Information flow

Support systems

Office automation

Knowledge work systems

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Functions Within Organizations

All organizations have basic functions

Accounting

Marketing

Human resources

Production

Research and development

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Management Levels People who plan, lead, organize within the

organization Supervisors

Oversee operational matters

Middle management Implements long term

goals Top management

Strategic planning

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Information Flow

Based on needs of management

Top level management

Middle management

Supervisors

Based on needs of organization

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Information Flow: Supervisors

Primarily vertical Provide status

Reports

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Information Flow:Middle Managers

• Vertical

• Horizontal

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Information Flow:Top Managers

• Vertical

• Horizontal

• External

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Computer-Based Information Systems

Transaction processing system (TPS)

Management information system (MIS)

Decision support system (DSS)

Executive support system (ESS)

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Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

Keep track of routine operations and records

An essential TPS is accounting Accounting TPS activities

Sales orders Accounts receivable Inventory control

– Accounts payable– Payroll– General ledger

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Management Information Systems (MIS)

Produce standardized reports Periodic Exception Demand

Use databases created by TPS Integrate databases across

departments

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Decision Support Systems (DSS)

Flexible tool for dealing with unanticipated

questions

Analyzes data

Reports are not in fixed format

Generally easy to use

Analytical capabilities come from decision

models

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DSS Parts User

Makes decisions System software

Operating system Data

Internal from the organization External from the organization

Decision models Strategic, tactical, operational

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Executive Support Systems (ESS)

Designed for top management

Easy to use

Present information in condensed view

Access organization’s databases

Access data external to the

organization

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Other Information Systems Types of information workers

Data workers Knowledge workers

Office automation systems Support data workers Manage documents, scheduling, etc.

Knowledge work systems Support knowledge workers Create information in their area

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A Look to the Future Information overload E-mail is a major source Some tips:

• Be selective

• Remove

• Protect

• Be brief

• Stop spam

• Don’t respond

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