chapter 1 - 1.1 the design phases (a)_nrnr

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICALDESIGN PROCESS

MEC531

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN 1


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NIK ROSELINA BINTI NIK ROSELEY

[email protected]

Room: Level 14 10A

016-2185201
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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PLEASE SUBMIT ENTRANCESURVEY


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1.1 THE PHASES OF DESIGN


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Engineering design is a creative and comprehensive

process.

Integrates mathematics, basic sciences, engineering

sciences, engineering economics and other subjects for

the creation of components, systems, products and

processes to satisfy specific needs and constraints.

i.e. constraints include economic, safety, health,

environmental and social factors, the requirements of

standards and legislation, and other considerationssuch as maintainability, serviceability, and

manufacturability.

Engineering Design


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Involves basically 7 phases:

Phase 1: Conceptual Design

Phase 2: Embodiment Design

Phase 3: Detail Design Phase 4: Planning for Manufacture

Phase 5: Planning for Distribution

Phase 6: Planning for Use

Phase 7: Planning for Retirement of the Product

Design Process


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1stThree Phases of the Engineering Design

Process

DefineProblem

GatherInformation

ConceptGeneration

Evaluation ofConcepts

ProductArchitecture

ConfigurationDesign

ParametricDesign

Detail Design

Conceptual Design

Embodiment Design


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a.k.a Feasibility Study.

Requires greatest creativity, involves the most uncertainty and

requires coordination among many functions in the business

organization.

Discrete activities to be considered: Identification of customer needs

Problem definition

Gathering information

Conceptualization

Concept selection Refinement of the PDS

Design review

Phase 1: Conceptual Design Phase


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Most important steps in the engineering design process is

identifying customer needs.

The customer needs can be gained from:

Interviewing customers

Focus group Customer survey

Customer complaints

Tools to achieve this:

Benchmarking

QFD

PDS

Problem Definition


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Benchmark ing

Method for measuring company operation against the best

company inside and outside of the industries.

Select the product, process, or functional area that is to be

benchmark.

Identify the performance metrics that will be measured and

used for comparison.

Compare the best in class product or process with the in house

equivalent using the performance metrics.

Specified program and actions to meet an exceed the

competition.


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QFD Qual ity Func t ion Deployment

A planning and problem solving tool that is finding growingacceptance for translating customer requirements into engineering

characteristics of a product.

A largely graphical method that systematically looks at all the

elements that go into the product definition.

Helps organizations seek out both spoken and unspoken needs.

QFD links the needs of the customer (end user) with design,

development, engineering, manufacturing, and service functions.

Also known as Houseof Quality.


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Cross, 1998


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PDS Product Design Specif icat ion

A statement of what a product to be designed is intended to do.

Its aim is to ensure the development of a product meets the

need of the users.

The PDS is a specification of what is required but not the

specification of the product itself.


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Information from Internet

Engineering URLs

Patent Literature

Intellectual Property

Patents

Handbook

Gather Information


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Brainstorming

Functional decomposition

Morphological chart

Concept Generation


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Kerusi Kereta

Keselamatan

Pengguna

Ubahsuai

Penyandar

Kepala

Ubahsuai

Penyandar

Ubahsuai

Tempat

duduk

Pergerakan ke

depan &

belakang

Bentuk

Titik ubahsuai

Pergerakan

bersudut

Bentuk

Titik ubahsuai

Pergerakan ke

atas dan bawah

Bentuk

Titik ubahsuai

Jenis

Titik ubahsuai

Bentuk

Pergerakan

Memuatkan

System

Pengesan SelBeban

Rajah 3.3: Penguraian Fungsi Pokok

NFAM, 2007

Functional decomposition


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Morphologica l ch art

Chart arranges a functions and sub-functions in a logical order

Each sub-function list the possible how

Purpose to uncover combinations of ideas that comprise design

concepts that might not ordinarily be generated


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Morphological chart


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Comparison Based on Absolute Criteria

PughsConcept Selection Method

Weighted Decision Matrix

Evaluation of Concepts


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Weighted Decision Matrix


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Kriteria Konsep 1 Konsep 2 Konsep 3 KerusiStandard

Tempat duduk:

Mekanisme yang mempunyai

banyak pilihan titik rehat dan

pergerakan yang lancar

+ - - D

Penyandar :

Keselesaan, mudah untuk diubah-

suai

+ S - A

Penyandar kepala:

Pergerakan yang mudah dan tidak

memenuhi ruangS - + T

Keselamatan pengguna:

Ringkas dan selamatS - - U

Lokasi pengesan:

Pergerakan yang mudah dan

kestabilan pengesan terjamin

+ + - M

+3 1 1

-0 3 4

S2 1 0

PughsConcept Selection Method

chapter 1 - 1.1 the design phases (a)_nrnr

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