Capítulo 2 – En la

universidad

Naomi Wahls, MA

Singular Nouns: Gender and Articles

Singular Nouns: Gender and Articles

Naming People, Places, and

Things

Masculine Nouns Feminine

NounsDefiniteDefinite elel hombre hombre the manthe man la la mujermujer the the

womanwoman

ArticlesArticles elel librlibroo the bookthe book lala mes mesaa the tablethe table

IndefiniteIndefinite unun hombre hombre a (one) mana (one) man unauna mujermujer a (one) a (one) womanwoman

ArticlesArticles un un librlibroo a (one) booka (one) book unauna mesmesaa a (one) a (one) tabletable

Nouns and Articles: Plural

Nouns and Articles: Plural

Naming People, Places, and

Things

Singular Plural

elel libr libroo los los librlibrooss the the booksbooks

Nouns EndingNouns Ending lala mesmesaa laslas mes mesaass the tablesthe tables

in a Vowelin a Vowel unun libr libroo unosunos librlibrooss some bookssome books

unauna mes mesaa unasunas mes mesaass some tablessome tables

Nouns EndingNouns Ending lala universidad universidad laslas universidad universidadeses the the universitiesuniversities

in a Consonantin a Consonant un un papelpapel unosunos papelpapeleses some some paperspapers

Subject Pronouns

Subject Pronouns

Naming People, Places, and

Things

Singular Plural

yoyo II

tútú you you ((fam.fam.))

usted (Ud.)usted (Ud.) you you ((form.form.))

élél hehe

ellaella sheshe

nosotros/nosotrasnosotros/nosotras wewe

vosotros/vosotrasvosotros/vosotras you (you (fam. fam. Sp.Sp.))

ustedesustedes (Uds.)(Uds.) you you ((formform.).)

ellosellos//ellasellas theythey

Present Tense of – ar verbs

Present Tense of – ar verbs

Verbs

Singular Plural

hablar (to speak) : habl-

Singular Plural

(yo)(yo) hablhabloo I speakI speak (nosotros)(nosotros) hablhablamosamos we speakwe speak

(nosotras)(nosotras)

(tú)(tú) hablhablasas you speakyou speak (vosotros)(vosotros)

(vosotras) (vosotras) hablhabláisáis you speakyou speak

(Ud.)(Ud.) you speakyou speak (Uds.)(Uds.)

(él)(él)hablhablaa he/she speaks he/she speaks (ellos)(ellos) habl hablanan you/they speakyou/they speak

(ella)(ella) (ellas)(ellas)

Expressing Actions

Negation

In Spanish the word no is placed before the conjugated verb to make a negative sentence. Its English equivalent is not.

El estudiante no habla español.The student does not speak Spanish.

No, no necesito dinero.No, I don’t need money.

Asking yes/no questionsGetting Information

Rising Intonation

A common way to form yes/no questions in Spanish is simply to make your voice rise at the end of the question.

STATEMENT: Ud. trabaja aquí todos los días.You work here every day.

Arturo regresa a casa hoy.Arturo is returning home today.

QUESTION: ¿Ud. trabaja aquí todos los días?Do you work here every day?

¿Arturo regresa a casa hoy?Is Arturo returning home today?

There is no Spanish equivalent to English do or does in questions. Note also the use of an inverted question mark (¿) at the beginning of a question.

OJO

Inversion

Another way to form yes/no questions is to invert the order of the subject and verb, in addition to making your voice rise at the end of the question.

STATEMENT: Ud. trabaja aquí todos los días.

QUESTION: ¿Trabaja Ud. aquí todos los días?

STATEMENT: Arturo regresa a casa hoy.

QUESTION: ¿Regresa Arturo a casa hoy?