chapel hill high school island project water: the essential ingredient & thoughts for...
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CHAPEL HILL HIGH SCHOOLCHAPEL HILL HIGH SCHOOLISLAND PROJECTISLAND PROJECT
Water:Water: The Essential Ingredient
&
Thoughts for Sustainability
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Respect the Nature of WaterRespect the Nature of Water
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Looking at Water as a Looking at Water as a ResourceResource
DrinkingWashing and BathingRecreation & TourismWildlife & Plant Life
Agriculture and IndustryTransportation
Energy ProductionHeatingCooling
Trading or selling©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Can Water Be a Liability Can Water Be a Liability For Your Island?For Your Island?
• Severe weather deaths• Flooding & storm damage• Drought may limit water availability• Pollution or improper treatment• Attracts too many people-resources
compromised• Rising sea levels
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Take a Watershed ApproachTake a Watershed ApproachDelineate your watersheds
and sub-basins for planning and management
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Environmental InventoryEnvironmental Inventory
– Map waterways and natural springs – Map sub-basin watersheds– Identify and map endangered species– Identify and map sensitive species or
areas– Map soil types– Measure and map slopes/elevations
(contour map)
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Land ConservationLand Conservation
• Critical habitats (essential spaces for
plant and animal communities)
• Aquatic corridors (floodplains, stream
channels, springs, estuarine coves, shorelines, riparian forest, caves, sinkholes)
• Hydrologic reserves (undeveloped
areas that act to store water)
• Cultural areas (historic/archaeological
sites, scenic areas, recreational areas)
• Water pollution hazards (land
use that has potential for polluting water)
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Non-Stormwater Discharges Non-Stormwater Discharges
• Septic Systems/Sanitary Sewers• Industrial leaks, runoff or discharges• Salt from desalinization operations• Concentrated animal feeding
operations (CAFOs)• Dumping
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Without buffers-Without buffers-Erosion & Stream DamageErosion & Stream Damage
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Aquatic BuffersAquatic BuffersSlow & Filter Runoff, Shade Streams, Slow & Filter Runoff, Shade Streams,
Stabilize BanksStabilize Banks
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Illustration of multi-species riparian buffer strip (Source: National Agroforestry Center, 2000).
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Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division EPA File
Impervious Surfaces Affect Impervious Surfaces Affect Water Quality & FloodingWater Quality & Flooding
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Impervious cover may need limitsImpervious cover may need limits
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Impervious cover over 10% Impervious cover over 10% degrades environmentdegrades environment
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Erosion & Sediment Erosion & Sediment ControlControl
• Perhaps the most destructive stage of the development cycle is the relatively short period when vegetation is cleared and a site is graded in preparation to build.
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Poor Erosion Control at Poor Erosion Control at Construction SiteConstruction Site
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Terracing to use slopes; Terracing to use slopes; prevent erosionprevent erosion
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
httpwww.worldisround.comarticles25788photo27.html
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Terracing to use slopes; Terracing to use slopes; prevent erosionprevent erosion
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Street Infiltration for RunoffStreet Infiltration for Runoff
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management DivisionPhoto by LID Center
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Bioretention CellBioretention Cell
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Rain GardensRain Gardens
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Photo by NC DENR
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Roof Drain Roof Drain Disconnection/DiversionDisconnection/Diversion
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Photo by Rain Water Solutions
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CisternsCisterns
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Wet PondsWet Ponds
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Permeable PavementPermeable Pavement
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Green RoofsGreen Roofs
Photo by Greenroofs.com
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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SwalesSwales
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Sand FiltersSand Filters
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Street Sweeping & Surface Street Sweeping & Surface Maintenance Maintenance
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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Watershed Stewardship Watershed Stewardship • Educate residents and visitors about
clean water• Provide easy to follow rules and tools
to protect water resources (no littering, tree protection rules, septic tank pump out required every 3-5 years, development rules, etc.)
• Promote water conservation and clean water activities
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
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How Can You Mitigate Damage How Can You Mitigate Damage to Your Island?to Your Island?
• Inventory natural resources and know what you want to protect & how.
• Know Slopes, Elevations and Soils. Map them!
• Follow strict construction BMPs.
• Develop for most severe weather conditions.
• Mitigate flooding hazards.
• Identify potential pollution sources.
• Mitigate runoff pollution.
• Choose water treatment processes carefully.
• Control visitation if necessary.
• Educate all workers, residents and visitors about water resources & best management practices.
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division