Changing Patterns Of International Tourism

Changing Patterns

Traditionally International Tourism has been dominated by Western Europe, as both a receiving and a generating region. This has been due to…•An established tradition in domestic tourism that converts easily into international tourism.•A mature and developed pattern of infrastructure, such as transport, hotels, and travel companies.

Changing Patterns

• A large variety of natural and man-made attractions.

• A large population that is affluent and mobile.

• A range of climatic zones, which facilitates summer and winter tourism.

Global Patterns

• There has been a reduction in the share of tourists attracted to regions in Europe and the Americas.

• There are relatively static positions in areas of chronic underdevelopment in developing countries in parts of Africa and South Asia (including India and the politically unstable Middle East

Global Patterns

•There has been a huge expansion in tourism into East Asia and the Pacific, centred on Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Japan, and Australia.

•For an area to grow there must be primary and secondary resources.

Global Patterns

• Primary Tourist/Recreational Resources: are the pre-existing attractions for tourism or recreation (those not built specifically for the purpose), including climate, Scenery, Wildlife, Indigenous People, Cultural, and Heritage Sites.

• Secondary Tourist/Recreational Resources: include accommodation, catering, entertainment, and shopping.

Factors Affecting TourismFactors Examples

Natural Landscape Mountains, Nepal; Biodiversity, Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica; Coasts, Mediterranean; Forests, Amazon Rainforest; Deserts, Tunisia; Polar Areas, Iceland; Rivers, Grand Canyon.

Climate Hot and dry areas are attractive to most tourists; seasonality of climate leads to seasonality of tourism.

Cultural Language, Customs, Clothing, Food, Architecture, Theme Parks. Examples Include… Recreation, Paris; Religion, Mecca; Education, Oxford.

Factors Affecting TourismFactors Examples

Social Increasing Affluence, Leisure Time, Longer Holidays, Paid Holidays, Better Mobility, Better Transport, More Women Working, Age Of Tourists.

Economic Exchange Rates, Foreign Exchange, Employment, Multiplier Effects, Infrastructure, Leakages.

Political 2001 Terrorist Attacks In USA (9/11), resulted in fewer overseas visits taken by US civilians.

Sporting Events Events such as the World Cup (Korea-Japan; 2002), and the Olympic Games (Bejing; 2008) lead to a small boom in tourism.

Activity

Using A2 Geography P270-276, answer the following…

1.Distinguish between primary and secondary resources for tourism.2.Describe the primary resources for tourism in South America (Scenic, Ecological, and Historical).3.Highlight on the map on P275 in 3 different colours, the scenic, Ecological, and Historical Primary resources and describe their location.