-

8

(Biomolecules )

kanya@mju.ac.th, papuimju@hotmail.com

mailto:kanya@mju.ac.th

(Biomolecules )

(Biomolecules)

(Amino acids)

Carboxyl group -COOH

Amino group -NH2

H atom -H

Side chain -R

-carbon atom ( C )

:www.palaeos.com/.../ Lists Glossary Gloss html

Side chain ( 20 )-carbon atom

( -amino acid)

(proteinogenic amino acid)

http://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.htmlhttp://www.palaeos.com/.../Lists/Glossary/Gloss.html

1 Proteinogenic amino acids20

side chain

-

-Glutamic acidGlu

EMW = 147

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

* (essential amino acids)

Nonpolar, hydrophobic aminoacids

Polar, uncharged amino acids

Polar, charged amino acids

5 Acidic amino acidsBasic amino acids

: www allstarhealth com

http://www.allstarhealth.com/blog/products-and-ingredients/amino-acid-supplement-guide/http://www.allstarhealth.com/blog/products-and-ingredients/amino-acid-supplement-guide/http://www.allstarhealth.com/blog/products-and-ingredients/amino-acid-supplement-guide/http://www.allstarhealth.com/blog/products-and-ingredients/amino-acid-supplement-guide/http://www.allstarhealth.com/blog/products-and-ingredients/amino-acid-supplement-guide/http://www.allstarhealth.com/blog/products-and-ingredients/amino-acid-supplement-guide/

1. Nonpolar, hydrophobic amino acid side chain R

8

2. Polar, uncharged amino acid side chain R

7

3. Polar, charged amino acid side chain R

5

-

-Glutamic acid

ACID BASE

(cystine) (cysteine)

Disulphide bridge; A240

: www cs stedwards edu

Sulphydryl groups

(disulphide bridge) (sulphydryl group)

(denature)

- (non-proteinogenic amino acid)

hydroxyproline) -

( -amino butyric acid; GABA) (inhibitory neurotransmitter)

: https:/.../Collagen+ -+B-+rgam www getnutri com gaba html, www ncbi nlm nih gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=n...

https://chempolymerproject.wikispaces.com/Collagen+-+B-+rgamhttps://chempolymerproject.wikispaces.com/Collagen+-+B-+rgamhttps://chempolymerproject.wikispaces.com/Collagen+-+B-+rgamhttps://chempolymerproject.wikispaces.com/Collagen+-+B-+rgamhttps://chempolymerproject.wikispaces.com/Collagen+-+B-+rgamhttps://chempolymerproject.wikispaces.com/Collagen+-+B-+rgamhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.getnutri.com/gaba.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=neurosci&part=A403

1.(amphoteric)

(internal salt)

zwitterion dipolar ion

-NH2 -NH3+

-COOH -COO-

zwitterion

200-300 C

pK

(-COOH) (-NH3

+)

pK

2 pK amino acids

: www geneinfinity org/sp_aaprops.html

http://www.geneinfinity.org/sp_aaprops.htmlhttp://www.geneinfinity.org/sp_aaprops.htmlhttp://www.geneinfinity.org/sp_aaprops.htmlhttp://www.geneinfinity.org/sp_aaprops.htmlhttp://www.geneinfinity.org/sp_aaprops.htmlhttp://www.geneinfinity.org/sp_aaprops.html

Titration curve alanine histidine

: tonga usip edu gmoyna/biochem /lecture .htmlwww bio cmu edu/.../ /LecF /LecLinks.htmlwww biochem arizona edu/.../amino_acids.htm

2.34

9.69

H3N-CH(CH3)-COOH

H3N-CH CH3 -COO- H

H2N-CH(CH3)-COO- H

6.00

1.82

6.00

7.59

9.17

(Amino acids)

http://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://tonga.usip.edu/gmoyna/biochem341/lecture9.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.bio.cmu.edu/.../03231/LecF04/LecLinks.htmlhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htmhttp://www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../amino_acids.htm

3. (IR spectrum)(-COOH)

(-COO-) [ max 1610-1550 cm-11750-1680 cm-1]

(peptide bond) (amide bond) carboxyl

(-COOH) amino(-NH2)

R1 R2

:www mcat45 com/content/protein

http://www.mcat45.com/content/proteinhttp://www.mcat45.com/content/proteinhttp://www.mcat45.com/content/proteinhttp://www.mcat45.com/content/proteinhttp://www.mcat45.com/content/proteinhttp://www.mcat45.com/content/proteinhttp://www.mcat45.com/content/protein

-N-sp2

N

-C-

O

: www imb-jena de/.../basics_peptide_bond.html

http://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.htmlhttp://www.imb-jena.de/~rake/Bioinformatics_WEB/basics_peptide_bond.html

2 C(O)-N 1.47 pm

: guweb2 gonzaga edu/.../CHEM pub/L -index.cfm

http://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfmhttp://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/CHEM440pub/L05-index.cfm

3 2 conformation cis trans trans

: www nd edu/~aseriann/ctpep.html

http://www.nd.edu/~aseriann/ctpep.htmlhttp://www.nd.edu/~aseriann/ctpep.htmlhttp://www.nd.edu/~aseriann/ctpep.htmlhttp://www.nd.edu/~aseriann/ctpep.htmlhttp://www.nd.edu/~aseriann/ctpep.htmlhttp://www.nd.edu/~aseriann/ctpep.html

Dipeptide 2

Oligopeptide 50 Polypeptide 100

800 (MW : 10,000-80,000)

Tyr Gly Gly Phe Leu

(Leucine enkephalin)

Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu

YGGFL

(Glutathione)

-Cys-GlyGlu

Glu Cys Gly

(Aspartame)

Asp-Phe-OMe

ECG

DF-OMe

(Secondary structure) polypeptide

H-bond polypeptide

H-bond

COOH NH2 polypeptide

( -Helix)

:courses cm utexas edu /.../ch k/overheads - .htm , www che wsu edu /~ntracy/work.htm

H-bond

1 = 5.4 A 3.6 residues

http://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://courses.cm.utexas.edu/jrobertus/ch339k/overheads-1.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htmhttp://www.che.wsu.edu/~ntracy/work.htm

H-bondCOOH NH2 polypeptide

polypeptide

Parallel -pleated sheet polypeptide

N-terminal C-terminal

Anti-parallel -pleated sheet polypeptide

N-terminal C-terminal

( -Pleated sheet)

anti parallelH-bond

polypeptide 3 (Collagen helix)

:www sp uconn edu/.../fa /terry/proteins.html

-

http://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.htmlhttp://www.sp.uconn.edu/.../fa02/terry/proteins.html

(Tertiary structure) polypeptide

side chain R sulphydryl group

cysteine (disulphide bridge)

(denature)

:kvhs nbed nb ca gallant/biology/biology.html, www chemguide co uk/.../proteinstruct.html

http://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://images.google.com/url?q=http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/biology.html&usg=AFQjCNFQh8SQia8S7rr4WcPqqu7H_jU4-Ahttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/proteinstruct.html

(Quaternary structure) polypeptide

(subunit)

:www bloodless it

http://www.bloodless.it/http://www.bloodless.it/http://www.bloodless.it/http://www.bloodless.it/http://www.bloodless.it/http://www.bloodless.it/

-amino ninhydrin CO2, H2O, aldehyde,

proline secondary aminesensitive

ninhydrin

:www chem ucalgary ca/.../Ch /ch - - .html, www ok gov /.../index.html

http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch27/ch27-3-3.htmlhttp://www.ok.gov/.../index.htmlhttp://www.ok.gov/.../index.htmlhttp://www.ok.gov/.../index.htmlhttp://www.ok.gov/.../index.htmlhttp://www.ok.gov/.../index.htmlhttp://www.ok.gov/.../index.html

alkaline copper (Cu2+)550 nm

Biuret

:matcmadison edu/.../labManual/chapter_ .htm

pH

pH < pI+

pH = pI

pH > pI-

http://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/chapter_2.htmhttp://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/chapter_2.htmhttp://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/chapter_2.htmhttp://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/chapter_2.htmhttp://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/chapter_2.htmhttp://matcmadison.edu/biotech/resources/proteins/labManual/chapter_2.htm

Pb2+ , Hg2+ , Cu2+

ethanol

acetone

=Pb2+

=

divalent ion (NH4)2SO4

:www lsbu ac uk /water/hofmeist.html www bio mtu edu /.../lectures/lec / w .htm

http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/hofmeist.htmlhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htmhttp://www.bio.mtu.edu/campbell/bl4820/lectures/lec5/482w51.htm