ch.19organisms 19.2 protozoan – animal-like protists p. 546 - 552 main idea ! protozoans are...
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Bio 134
Ch. 19 Protists
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Main Idea
! Protists form a diverse group of organisms that are subdivided based on their method of obtaining nutrients
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What do all protists have in common? ! They are all eukaryotes
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How are protists classified?
! Based on how they obtain nutrients
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What are protozoan?
! Animal-like protists
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How do protozoa obtain nutrients? ! They are heterotrophs – they ingest
food
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How do plantlike protists obtain their nutrients? ! They make their own food through
photosynthesis
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How do the funguslike protists obtain their nutrients? ! They absorb their nutrients from other
organisms
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19.2 Protozoan – Animal-like protists
p. 546 - 552
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Main Idea
! Protozoans are animal-like, heterotrophic protists
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How do members of ciliophora move around? ! They use cilia
– Cilia – numerous short hairlike projections
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Example of a Ciliate:
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Stentor
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Trichodina pediculus
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Paramecuim
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Paramecia structures:
! Pellicle – a layer of membrane ! Trichocysts – cylindrical bodies that
discharge a spinelike structure ! Contractile vacuoles – collect excess
water from the cytoplasm and expel it from the cell
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How do members of sarcodina move around? ! With the use of a pseudopod
– Pseudopod – a temporary extension of cytoplasm used to surround and envelop food
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Amoeba
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What other name do apicomplexa go by? ! sporozoans
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How do the sporozoans get their food? ! They are parasitic
– Parasitic – they get their nutritional requirements from a host
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What disease can be caused by sporozoans? ! malaria
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What other name do zoomastigina go by? ! zooflagellates
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How do zooflagellates move around? ! Use a flagella
– Flagella – long whiplike projections that protrude from the cell, used for movement
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What two diseases can be caused by zooflagellates? ! African sleeping sickness ! American sleeping sickness
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19.3 Algae – Plantlike protists
p. 553 - 559
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Main idea
! Algae are plantlike, autotrophic protists that are the producers for aquatic ecosystems
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What are the light absorbing pigments in algae? ! chlorophyll
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Where are the light absorbing pigments found? ! In the chloroplasts
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What is a diatom?
! A unicellular algae that have walls made of silica
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Diatoms
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How do dinoflagellates move around? ! They have two flagella that make them
spin
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Dinoflagellates
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What is bioluminescence?
! Bioluminescence (or bioluminescent) means they emit light
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Bioluminescent Dinoflagellates
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What is a algal bloom?
! When dinoflagellates reproduce in great numbers
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Algal bloom
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What is a red tide?
! A algal bloom of red pigmented dinoflagellates
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Red Tide
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How do euglena obtain food?
! They are photosynthetic but can also be heterotrophic
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Euglena
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How do Chrysophytes obtain food? ! They are all photosynthetic, but some
can also be heterotrophic
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What is a colony?
! A group of cells that join together to form a close association
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Colony of Golden-brown algae
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Yellow-green algae
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Where can you find brown algae?
! Along rocky coasts in cool areas of the world
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Brown Algae
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How are green algae and plants similar? ! Contain chlorophyll ! Green ! Have cell walls ! Store food as carbohydrates
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Spirogyra
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Colony of Volvox
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Why can red algae live in deeper water than other algae? ! Their red color allows them to absorb
green, violet,and blue light that can penetrate water to a deeper depth
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Red Algae
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What are some uses for algae?
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What is Alteration of Generations? ! A life cycle of algae that takes two
generations to complete – one that reproduces sexually and one that reproduces asexually.
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Alteration of Generations
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19.4 Funguslike Protists
p. 561- 565
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Main Idea
! Funguslike protists obtain their nutrition by absorbinig nutrients from dead or decaying organisms
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How are slime molds and fungus alike? ! They reproduce through spores ! They absorb nutrients from decaying
organic material
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How are slime molds and fungus different? ! Fungi have chitin in cell walls ! Slime molds have cellulose
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What is plasmodium?
! A mobile mass of cytoplasm that contains many diploid nuclei but no separate cells
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How are acelllar slime molds and cellular slime molds different? ! Acellular slime molds form a
plasmodium (many nuclei, but no separate cells)
! Cellular slime molds are amoeba-like cells moving in a mass
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What is acrasin?
! When food is scarce, slime mold cells give off this chemical
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What does acrasin do?
! It signals the slime mold cells to all get together, form a fruiting body, and release spores
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Where can you find water molds and downy mildew? ! In water or damp places
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