Ch.15-17 Study Guide Answers

Section 1

• The ozone layer is located in the _______. • Stratosphere

Section 1

• As you move upward through the atmosphere, the temperature ____________________.

• Varies

Section 1

• The Earth's atmosphere is divided into four layers based on _____________________.

• Temperature changes

Section 1

• The _______________ is the atmospheric layer immediately above the troposphere

• Stratosphere

Section 1

• The uppermost atmospheric layer is the _____________________.

• Thermosphere

Section 2

• Near the Earth's surface, air is heated by _________________________.

• Conduction

Section 3

• Most of the United States is located in which prevailing wind belt?

• Westerlies

Section 3

• Wind occurs because air tends to move from regions of higher to lower _______________.

• Pressure

Section 3

• Wind is created by differences in _______________________.

• Air pressure

Section 3

• Each hemisphere has ________________ wind belts as a result of pressure differences.

• 3

Section 3

• Describe land breezes. • Air over the water is warmer, which creates an

area of low pressure

Section 3

• During the day, warm air from a valley moves upslope, creating a ___________________.

• Valley breeze

Section 4

• ____________________ is the amount of water vapor or moisture in the air.

• Humidity

Section 4

• What device measures relative humidity?• Psychromoter

Section 4

• Before condensation can occur, what must the relative humidity be?

• 100%

Section 5

• A front that forms when a warm air mass is trapped between cold air masses and forced to rise is called ___________________.

• Occluded front

Section 5

• A ____________________ air mass is a cold air mass that forms over the polar regions.

• Polar (P)

Section 5

• To measure air pressure most accurately, you should use a mercury __________________.

• Barometer

Section 5

• A ________________ air mass is a dry air mass that forms over land.

• Continental (c)

Section 5

• ________________ occurs when a cold air mass meets and displaces a warm air mass.

• Cold front

Section 6

• What device is used to measure wind speed?• Anemometer

Section 7

• The tilt of Earth as it orbits around the sun causes ____________________.

• Different seasons

Section 7

• What climate zone has the coldest average temperature?

• Polar

Section 7

• Climate zones are determined by ____________________.

• Temperature ranges

Section 7

• If one side of a mountain resembles a dry desert, we call this a __________________.

• Rain shadow

Section 7

• As elevation increases, atmosphere becomes _____________________.

• Less dense and temperature decreases

Section 8

• What biome contains the greatest number of plant and animal species?

• Rain forest

Section 8

• The polar regions receive almost 24 hours of daylight in the _______________.

• Summer

Section 8

• During our winter months, the Southern Hemisphere has ________________.

• High temperatures, longer days

Section 8

• What biome tends to be very hot in the daytime and very cold at night?

• Temperate desert