Photosynthesis

Organisms that make food through photosynthesis: Photoautotrophs

Photosynthesis happens in the Chloroplast

• Parts of a Chloroplast

– Thylakoid

– Grana• Stack of Thylakoids

– Stroma• Liquid inside Chloroplast

Photosynthesis Equation

Melvin Calvin

The electromagnetic spectrum

Why are leaves green?

Determining an absorption spectrum

Chlorophyll is a Pigment

Pigments•Give a substance color•Plant pigments

•Chlorophyll a – blue-green•Chlorophyll b – yellow-green•Carotenoids – yellow/ orange

Electrons in chlorophyll are excited by light

How a photosystem harvests light

Cyclic Electron Flow: ATP Only

ATP is made in the Thylakoid Membrane

Comparison of chemiosmosis in mitochondria and chloroplasts

The Calvin Cycle converts CO2 into Sugar

C4 leaf anatomy and the C4 pathway

•Hot, dry environments•Conserve water•Prevent photorespiration

C4 and CAM photosynthesis compared