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Ch. 9 The Great Depression and World War II

• By Matthew Pippin

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Major event that occurred on October 29, 1929 forcing the U.S

into a Depression.

• Stock Market Crash• Day know as Black

Tuesday• People where without

jobs and farmers went out of buisness.

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Term given to a dry period during the Great Depression that caused extensive damage to the

farm economy.

• Dust Bowl

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President that was blamed for the great depression.

• Herbert Hoover

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Name given to communities built of tents and shacks outside of towns

during Great Depression

• Hoovervilles

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President elected during the worst years of the depression and strived to help the

“forgotten man” to get out of the depression.• Franklin D. Roosevelt

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Legislation passed during FDR’s presidency that helped boost the economy and put people to work.

• The New Deal (1932)

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The New Deal was based on three R’s

• 1. Relief-Stop suffering by providing direct money or jobs.

• 2. Recovery- provide aid to farmers, business owners, and workers in order to get people back to work.

• 3. Reform- to make sure that there would never be another depression.

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Act that gave loans to farmers to improve the agricultural industry.

• Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933)

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Created by congress to build hydroelectric dams and bring electricity to rural parts of

south and provide employment.• Tennessee Valley

Authority (TVA)• Example is Lake

Guntersville in north Alabama

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Est. by congress to insure people that their money in the bank was

safe.

• Federal Deposit Insurance (FDIC)

• Guarantees up to $100,000 in case of bank failure.

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Est. by Congress to provide jobs for unskilled workers. This org. built many of the

government buildings during 1930’s• Works Progress

Administration (WPA)

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Title given to FDR’s radio speeches where he spoke directly to the

nation to bypass the press.

• Fireside chats

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Fascist leader of Italy during WWII who ruled as a dictator.

• Benito Mussolini

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Emperor of Japan during WWII

• Emperor Hirohito

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Political party that formed in Germany during its terrible depression.

• National Socialists also know as the Nazi Party.

• Leader of the party is known as the Fuhrer

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Nazi leader of Germany during WWII that preached a message of racist fascism or the belief

in a superior Aryan race.

• Adolf Hitler• Aryan means

Caucasian people of non-Jewish descent

• Gained support because people where suffering and he promised help.

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Secret police used by Hitler to help suppress protest against him.

• Gestapo

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Brutal leader of the USSR that ruled by using extreme force and executed 1.5 to 7million Soviets

• Joseph Stalin

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Pact formed between Italy, Germany, and Japan prior to WWII

•Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis

• Later called the Axis Powers

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The opponents of the Axis powers during WWII that consisted of

Britain France and U.S

• Allied Powers

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Conference were France and Britain agreed to let Hitler capture Sudetenland and in exchange Hitler would not

capture more land in Czechoslovakia or anywhere else.

• Munich Conference-

September 29-30, 1938

• France and Britain refused military aid from Stalin in Czechoslovakia.

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Event that caused the start of WWII

• Hitler and Stalin’s invasion of Poland

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Term that means lighting warfare in German.

• Blitzkreig

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American policy at the start of WWII

• Neutrality• Neutrality act gave

president authority to ban arms sales to warring nations.

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Act that allowed the U.S. to help friendly countries defend themselves by lending,

leasing, or selling supplies to them.

• Lend-Lease Act (1941)

• Allowed the U.S to help will remaining out of the war.

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Created by congress to provide employment for unmarried men

between ages of 17 and 23.

• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

• Men worked in national parks, planted trees, and built fire towers.

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Major attack by Japan against the U.S Navy that was docked in

Hawaii on Dec.7 1941

• Attack at Pearl Harbor• This event led to the

U.S becoming directly involved in WWII

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Symbolized the working women during WWII

• Rosie the Riveter• Women were plunged

into the work force because most of the men were serving in the military.

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Sold to citizens during WWII, and promoted by Famous celebrities to

help pay for the war.

• War bonds

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Signed by President Roosevelt, this order allowed U.S military to place Japanese

Americans in prison camps. • Executive Order 9066• Done to protect

Japanese Americans and to control suspicion of their involvement in war.

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Group of African American pilots that were trained at Tuskegee Inst.

In Alabama.

• Tuskegee Airmen• These men earned

the Distinguished Flying Cross for their heroism during their more than 500 missions.

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This invasion began in November 1942 and led to victory for the allies

in the continent of Africa.

• Operation Torch

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Supreme allied commander of the allied forces in the European

Theater

• Dwight D. Eisenhower

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Operation coordinated by Eisenhower that consisted of bombings, Rail way destruction,

and would end with the amphibious attack known as D-Day.

• Operation Overlord

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Landing of allied troops on the beaches of Normandy France on

June 6, 1944

D-Day

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Term given to the genocide of Jew by the Germans in Concentration

Camps• Holocaust

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Occurred on May 8, 1945 when Germany Surrender ending the

European conflict.

• V-E day or victory in Europe day.

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Japanese suicide bombers during WWII

• Kamikaze

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Leader of the Allied forces in the Pacific

• General Douglas MacArthur

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Secret project by the U.S to create the first atomic bomb .

• Manhattan Project

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Name of B-29 bomber that dropped the first atomic bomb

• Enola Gay

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Sites where the first two atomic bombs where dropped

• 1. Hiroshima• 2. Nagasaki

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Japan surrendered to General Douglas MacArthur on August 14,

1945 ending WWII.

• Japan was forced into surrender because of the devastating effect of the atomic bomb.

• Surrendered on the ship called The U.S.S. Missouri