ch. 2 ( sec. 2 ) ancient egypt

100
Ch. 2 (Sec. 2) Ancient Egypt

Upload: christophe-alden

Post on 01-Jan-2016

54 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

Ch. 2 ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt. I. Nile River “Giver of Life” “Gift of the Nile” A. 4,160 miles long * longest river in world. Hymn To The Nile “If the Nile smiles the earth is joyous, every stomach is rejoicing.”. B. Neolithic people settle Nile Valley - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Ch. 2 (Sec. 2) Ancient Egypt

Page 2: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

I. Nile River “Giver of Life” “Gift of the Nile” A. 4,160 miles long * longest river in world

Page 3: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Hymn To The Nile“If the Nile smiles the earth is joyous, every stomach is rejoicing.”

Page 4: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

B. Neolithic people settle Nile Valley 6000 years ago

C. Natural Barriers * protected from invasion Libyan Desert Red Sea Nubian Desert Med. Sea Cataracts *rapids

Page 5: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

D. Sinai Peninsula connects Egypt & Western Asia

Page 6: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

E. Kemet Black Land (black soil) name given to Ancient Egypt

Egypt “House of the Spirit” (Aegyptus) *Greeks gave Egypt it’s name

Page 7: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

II. 2 Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt A. Upper Egypt Land upstream to south Cobra *symbol * White Crown

B. Lower Egypt closest to Med. Sea Vulture *symbol *Red Crown

Page 8: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

C. Menes 3100 BC *1st Pharaoh of Egypt united 2 kingdoms

1. Pharaoh Great House son of Amon-Re *Sun God

Page 9: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 10: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

2. Memphis *1st capital city “City of White Walls”

Page 11: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

3. Dynasty family of rulers passing of crown based on heredity 30 Egyptian Dynasties

Page 12: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 13: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

4. Vizier “steward of the whole land” chief administrator & judge

Page 15: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

III. Periods of Ancient Egyptian History A. Old Kingdom 2700 BC - 2200 BC 1. Pyramid Age *greatest period of Egyptian History 90 Pyramids still stand

Page 16: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

2. Step Pyramid at Sakkara 2650 BC *world’s oldest building Pharaoh Zoser (or Djoser) “The Most Sacred One”

Page 17: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Imhotep *architect Step Pyramid

Page 18: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 19: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 20: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

3. Great Pyramid at Giza Pharaoh Khufu 2450 BC 2,300,000 stone blocks / 5,000 lbs. each 481 ft. high covers 13 acres

Page 21: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 22: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 23: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 24: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 25: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Stone Sarcophagus

Great Pyramid

Page 26: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 27: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

4. Sphinx “Guardian of Sacred Places” lions body & human head Pharaoh Khafre *face on Sphinx?

Page 28: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 29: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 30: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 31: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

B. Middle Kingdom 2050 BC - 1800 BC Golden Age 1. Mummification for lower classes

Page 32: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 33: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

2. Canal links Nile & Red Sea

Page 34: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

3. Thebes “City of a 1,000 Gates” *2nd capital city

Page 35: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 36: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 37: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

4. Hyksos Princes of the Desert *1st invasion of Egypt 1652 BC crossed Sinai Peninsula Horses & War Chariots

Page 38: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

5. Tale of Sinhue basis for: Sinbad the Sailor

Page 39: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

C. New Kingdom 1570 BC - 1090 BC Empire Age1. Queen Hatshepsut “Queen Pharaoh” 1473 BC – 1458 BC *1st female ruler in history wore ceremonial beard

Page 40: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 41: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

2. Thutmose III “Napoleon of Egypt” empire reaches its greatest size conquers Syria & Persia

Page 42: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Obelisks “symbol of the sun” pointed stone pillars

Page 43: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

3. Amenhotep IV “The Heretic” 1353 - 1336 BC religious revolution Polytheism to Monotheism many gods one god

Aton provider of entire world (new god) sun disc *symbol Akenaton It goes well with Aton Amenhotep changed his name to this

Page 44: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Amenhotep

Page 45: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

4. Queen Nefertiti “The beautiful one that has come” wife of Amenhotep IV restored polytheism?

Page 46: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

5. King Tutankhamen 1332 - 1322 BC King Tut / Boy King died at age 18

Howard Carter 1922 AD discovered Tut's Tomb at Valley of Kings

3,200 years untouched 5,000 works of art

Page 47: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Howard Carter

Page 48: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 49: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 50: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 51: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 52: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 53: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 54: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 55: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Curse of the Pharaohsdeath to those who enter the tomb

Lord Carnarvon

Lord Carnarvon, who funded the Tutankhamun excavation in 1922, died a year later. As he died, the lights in Cairo failed and his dog back home howled. "It's a curse!" superstitious people claimed.

Page 56: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

6. Ramses II “Ramses the Great” strongest of Pharoahs 1304 BC – 1237 BC war vs. Hittites 1st written treaty in history 1280 BC

Page 57: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 58: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 59: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 60: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 61: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 62: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 63: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 64: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 65: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 66: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Moses 1263 BC *led Hebrew Exodus from Egypt

Page 67: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

7. Civil Wars 1090 BC power declines / allowed invasions Sea Peoples Assyrians Persians

Page 68: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

8. Alexander the Great 331 BC conquered Egypt

Page 69: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

9. Cleopatra 31 BC *last Pharaoh of Egypt

Page 70: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Alexandria *3rd capital city and last of Ancient Egypt Lighthouse at Alexandria

Page 71: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 72: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Augustus Caesar defeated Cleopatra Egypt became Province of Rome

Page 73: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

IV. Egyptian Gods 1. Amon-Re Sun God

Page 74: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

2. Osiris God of Nile & underworld judge of the dead

Page 75: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

3. Isis wife of Osiris brought him back to life

Page 76: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

4. Horus Falcon god God of Heaven

Page 77: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

5. Anubis god of embalming jackal head

Page 78: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

6. Hapi god of Nile flooding

Page 79: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

B. Maat *divine cosmic principle of universe keeps truth & justice in world sacred animals: cat, bull, crocodile, & scarab beetle

Page 80: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

C. Life after Death Book of the Dead Spells & prayers Negative confession Good actions

Page 81: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Osiris weighed your sins using a feather Feather *symbol of truth

Page 82: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Happy Field of Food *Egyptian Heaven Eater of Dead destroyed soul if bad

Page 83: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

D. Mummification Embalming & drying corpse Physical body & Ka spiritual body

Page 84: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 86: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 87: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Natron salt used to dry body

Page 88: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Hatshepsut

Page 89: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Nefertiti

Page 90: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

V. Social Classes A. Pharaoh B. Priests & Nobles C. Middle Class merchants artisans doctors skilled workers D. Peasants E. Slaves

Page 91: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 92: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

VI. Accomplishments A. Hieroglyphics “Sacred Signs” system of writing pictograms symbols for words 700 ideograms

Page 93: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 94: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt
Page 95: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Rosetta Stone 1799 Jean Champollion translated stone

Page 96: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Champollion

Page 97: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

B. Papyrus reed used make paper

Page 98: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

Papyrus

Page 99: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

C. Engineering * greatest builders ancient times

Page 100: Ch. 2  ( Sec. 2 ) Ancient Egypt

D. Heliopolis “City of the Sun” center for learning