cfbr. colloque tÉchnique. 31 janvier 2012. … · prÉsent et future de la technologie espagnole...
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CFBR. COLLOQUE TÉCHNIQUE. 31 JANVIER 2012.
PRÉSENT ET FUTURE DE LA TECHNOLOGIE ESPAGNOLE DES
BARRAGES
JOSÉ POLIMÓN, PRÉSIDENT, SPANCOLD
6th INTERNATIONAL
SYMPOSIUM ON RCC DAMS ABSTRACTS UNTIL APRIL 15th
CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION
• DAMS IN SPAIN. EVOLUTION.
• STANDARDS, TECHNICAL GUIDES, ACTIVITIES
• ADDED PROBLEMS FOR NEW DAMS
• SPANISH TECHNOLOGY ABROAD
• PONDS. A NEW PROBLEM.
• NEW CHALLENGES:
• CLIMATE CHANGE (FLOODS & DROUGHTS)
• ENERGY STORAGE (REVERSIBLE HPP)
• SAFETY MANAGEMENT (RISK ANALYSIS)
• CONSTRUCTION COSTS
• RCC 2012
NUMBER OF LARGE DAMS/
COUNTRY
• CHINA 26.000
• USA 6.510
• JAPAN 3.058
• INDIA 2.600
• SPAIN 1.300
• CANADA 933
• MEXICO 668
• ITALIA 542
BASIC DATA
• 45 Million inhabitants + 55 Million turists
• Surface 500.000 km2 ; Irrigation 3,7 Mha
• ≈ 1.300 Large and Important Dams (990, ICOLD criteria)
• 1st in Europe; 5th in the World
• Total Volume of Reservoirs: 61.000 hm3
• Regulation: ≈ 58% (Natural: 9%)
• Concrete Dams: 70%
• Enbankment Dams: 26%
• Owners: State 27% (MAAMA/CH), Private 73%
(Hydroelectric (46%)
• Oldest Dams:
Muel (H=12 m) [Century I b.c.], Cornalbo (24 m)
y Proserpina (19 m) [Century II a.c.]
DAMS IN SPAIN
NUMBER AND TYPOLOGY
TYPOLOGY NUMBER %
GRAVITY DAM (PG) 774 62,0
ARCH GRAVITY DAM (PG) 46 3,7
ARCH DAM (VA) 43 3,5
HOMOGENEOUS EARTHFILL DAM (TE) 172 13,8
ROCKFILL DAM WITH CLAY CORE (TE) 118 9,5
ASPHALTIC FACED R. DAM (ER++) 22 1,8
CONCRETE FACED ROCKFILL (CFRD) 31 2,5
COMPOSITE 23 1,8
OTHER 18 1,4
Evolution of number of Dams
4 Dams/year
≈ 20 Dams/year
Average years of service: 44
Main Problem: ¡¡ AGING!!
60% more than 30 years of service
2 Dams/year
All these Dams designed and constructed with Spanish technology
Technical Guides edited by SPANCOLD
1 Dam Safety
2
Design Criteria for Dams and ancillary elements
Volume 1º: Concreta Dams
Volume 2º: Enbankment Dams
3 Geology, Geotechnique and search of materials
4 Flood for design
5 Spillways and outlets
6 Construcction of Dams and Quality Control
7 Surveillance of Dams and Foundations
8 Operation, Conservation & Maintenance
9 Environmental Aspects
Technical Guides edited by MAAMA
1 Potential Risk of Dams. Clasification
2 Emergency Plans
NTS & TECHNICAL GUIDES
24 Dams under Construction(Jan. 2012)
Name, Height; Reservoir
• Alcolea
• Albages
• Alcollarín, 32; 52
• Arroyo Regajo
• Búrdalo, 35; 79
• Castrovido, 95,5; 82
• Enciso, 103,5; 48
• Fitas, 41,0; 8
• Laguna,
• Llano Cadimo, 42,5; 20
• Molino, El
• Mularroya, 91,0; 103
• Nagore
• Oliva (Rambla Gallinera)
• Oroz-Betelu
• Parras, Las
• Río Rojo
• San Salvador
• Siles, 55,0; 30
• Terrateig
• Terroba (Leza)
• Valdepatao
• Villalba, 45,5; 106
• Zapateros
Dams under Construction January 2012
New
Heightening
• Good sites were used in previous projects
• They were the better alternatives
• Now we are working on complicated sites
• Example:
Llano del Cadimo (Embankment dam)
Added Problems (I)
LLANO DEL CADIMO DAM (Vol=20 hm3, H=40 m)
GEOLOGY. BETIC CHAOTIC COMPLEX
OLISTOLITOS OLISTOSTROMA
Added problems (II)
Heightening of existing dams (Jan. 2012)
Joint with existing Dam
• New Yesa,
• Concrete Faced Gravel Dam
• Santolea,
• Malvecino
Down stream the existing Dam
• La Breña II
• Montoro III
Heightening Yesa Dam
La Breña II Dam H=124 m
Volconcrete= 1,4 Mm3
Montoro III Dam
CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS WITH
SPANISH TECHNOLOGY
Daule Peripa Dam (Ecuador)
GUAVIO DAM (COLOMBIA)
• Typology: Rockfill dam with clay core
• Height: 247 m
• Crest length: 390 m
• Reservoir: 1.140 hm3
SANTA JUANA & EL BATO DAMS (CHILE)
SANTA JUANA DAM
Height: 106 m
EL BATO DAM
Height: 56 m.
• Dam founded on permeable alluvial 100 m
deep with articualted plinth
• High sismicity zone
• Only 3 dams in the world have this type of
solution.
• ICOLD Innovation Award 2009
TSANKOV KAMAK DAM (BULGARIA)
•Height: 130,5 m, Arch Dam
•Archs: Parabolics constant width
•Max/min width: 27,6 / 8,8 m
•Reservoir: 111 hm3
•Concrete Volume: 600.000 m3
Kyoto ´s Protocole Funds
Reduction CO2: 200.000 t/year
PORTUGUES DAM (PUERTO RICO). U.C.
Flood control. Tropical storms
Height: 67 m
RCC Volume: 290.000 m3
Earth cofferdam with defense against
overtopping (concrete blocks and
cables)
• RCC Arch Gravity Dam (used in China)
•
Cofferdam
BENI-HAROUN (Algeria) Height = 118 m
RCC Volume = 1.600.000 m3
Volume total of concrete= 1.900.000 m3
NEW PROBLEM: PONDS FOR IRRIGATION
• Ponds with small dams (or not so small) in irrigation
areas to fulfill the neccesities, to have reservoirs of
water close to the zone of use.
• Their number has been increasing quickly and are
constructed by land owners.
• More than 60.000 ponds without any control untill
last five years.
New technical guide edited
by SPANCOLD in 2010.
Recomendations for design,
construction, operation and
maintenance of Small Dams
closing ponds for irrigation
areas.
Not valid for special cases
SPANCOLD ACTIVITIES
• ICOLD EUROPEAN CLUB (SECRETARY)
•TECHNICAL COMMITTEES (23)
• TECHNICAL CONFERENCES (4/YR)
•INTERNATIONAL MASTER ON
OPERATION & SAFETY (9 MODULES)
• RISK ANALYSIS FORUM (OCT. 2011)
•PUBLIC RELEASE (BOOK)
www.spancold.es/master2011
www.spancold.es
37
DAM TECHNOLOGY EVOLUTION
PAST & PRESENT:
• DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, ENVIRONMENT
• EMERGENCY PLANS, INFORMATION SOCIETY
PRESENT & FUTURE:
• CONSERVATION & MAINTENANCE
• HEIGHTENING
• OPERATION, SAFETY EVALUATION
• TRAINING OF PERSONNEL FOR OPERATION
• CLIMATE CHANGE (FLOODS, DROUGHTS)
• STORAGE OF ENERGY
NEW CHALLENGES
• CLIMATE CHANGE: RESERVOIRS
MANAGEMENT. SEDIMENTATION.
• ENERGY STORAGE: EXCESS OF WIND AND
SOLAR. NEW REVERSIBLES HPP
• SAFETY MANAGEMENT: RISK ANALYSIS
FOR PRIORITIZE INVESTMENT ON EXISTING
DAMS
• TRAINING OF PERSONNEL
• ENCOURAGE AND CAPITALIZE THE
INNOVATION. REDUCTION OF TOTAL
COSTS
CONCLUSIONS
• MORE RESERVOIR CAPACITY WILL BE
NEEDED: MORE DAMS AND PONDS.
• DEFINE AVAILABLE CAPACITY OF
EXISTING RESERVOIRS
• MANAGEMENT OF RIVER BASSINS
• DEFINE COMPENSATING PRICE FOR
ENERGY STORAGE
• TRAINING OF OPERATING AND
SAFETY PERSONNEL
6th INTERNATIONAL
SYMPOSIUM ON RCC DAMS ABSTRACTS UNTIL APRIL 15th
RCC 2012. ZARAGOZA TOPICS
1. MATERIALS AND MIXTURE PROPORTIONS
2. PLANNING AND DESIGN
3. QUALITY CONTROL. FULL SCALE TRIALS
4. CONSTRUCTION OF RCC DAMS
5. SINGULAR SPILLWAYS IN RCC DAMS. SCALE MODEL STUDIES
6. OTHER USES OF RCC (HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES)
7. PERFORMANCE AND MONITORING
8. REHABILITATION OF RCC DAMS. UPGRADING OLD DAMS
9. VERY HIGH RCC DAMS AND RCC ARCH DAMS
10. ADVANTAGES OF RCC DAMS
11. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN RCC DAMS
12. FUTURE NEW TRENDS IN RCC DAMS
ABSTRACTS SUBMISSION DEADLINE: APRIL 15, 2012
