d k ;Z Ø e i zf ro snud k ;Z Ø e i zf ro snud k ;Z Ø e i zf ro snud k ;Z Ø e i zf ro snu

i zf rosndi zf rosndi zf rosndi zf rosnd e kx Zn’ k Zue kx Zn’ k Zue kx Zn’ k Zue kx Zn’ k Zu vu wi fr okj hvu wi fr okj hvu wi fr okj hvu wi fr okj h

f o "k ; f o’ ks" k K ¼Ñ f "k ½f o "k ; f o’ ks" k K ¼Ñ f "k ½f o "k ; f o’ ks" k K ¼Ñ f "k ½f o "k ; f o’ ks" k K ¼Ñ f "k ½

lj k st d qe kj fr okj hlj k st d qe kj fr okj hlj k st d qe kj fr okj hlj k st d qe kj fr okj h bZ, l h vksbZ, l h vksbZ, l h vksbZ, l h vks

lan hi [kku oyd jlan hi [kku oyd jlan hi [kku oyd jlan hi [kku oyd j j k T; le Uo;d ¼Ñ f "k ½j k T; le Uo;d ¼Ñ f "k ½j k T; le Uo;d ¼Ñ f "k ½j k T; le Uo;d ¼Ñ f "k ½

, l, l, l, l ---- t ht ht ht h ---- gluglugluglu f ty k if j ;k stu k vf / k dk jhf ty k if j ;k stu k vf / k dk jhf ty k if j ;k stu k vf / k dk jhf ty k if j ;k stu k vf / k dk jh

mmmm íííí ns’ ;ns’ ;ns’ ;ns’ ; &&&&

J h i ) fr ds i zfr fd lku ksa e sa t kx:d rk c < +ku kA J h & i) fr d s ykHk d k

i zpkj&i zlkj] i fj; kst u k , oa fo Hkkxksa d s e /; le U o; u d ks c <+ku k] t uizfrfuf/ k; ksa d h Hkkxsn kj h

c < +ku kA

e apk l h u e apk l h u e apk l h u e apk l h u v f rfF kv f rfF kv f rfF kv f rfF k &&&&

• J h t ; flag e j ko h e kuu h; j kT; e a=h] o u , oa j kt L o e ñi zñ ' kklu Hk ksi ky

• J he rh de ys’ k uV] e kuu h; v /; { k] ft yk i apk; r ' kgMksy

• J h fd ’ kksj hyky pr qo sZn h] e kuu h; mi k/; { k] ft y k i apk; r] ' kgMks y

• J h lan hi [kku o yd j j kT; le U o ; d Ñ f"k e ñi zñ xzke h.k v kt hfo d k i fj; kst u k Hk ksi ky

• J h MkW ñ c hñi hñ f=i kB h la; qDr lapk yd Ñ f"k] ' k gMksy] laHk kx

• J h fnud j flag lg k; d lapkyd ] m|k fud h ' kgMksy

• J h v fuy [kj s] lg k; d lapkyd ] Ñ f"k ' k gMksy

• J h , lñdsñ e kS; Z] l gk; d lapkyd ] Ñ f"k ' kgMk s y

• J h , lñdsñ fla g] O; k [; krk , o a i zxfr’ khy Ñ "kd ] xzke v e >ksj

d k ;Z Ø e f oo j.kd k ;Z Ø e f oo j.kd k ;Z Ø e f oo j.kd k ;Z Ø e f oo j.k &&&&

d k; ZØ e e s e q[; v frfF k e kuu h; J h t; flag e j ko h ¼j kT; ea=h o u , o a j kt L o e 0iz0

' kklu½ u s n hi izTt o yu d j ' kqHkkj aHk

fd ; kA v frfF k; ksa d s v kSi pkfjd L o kxr d s

i ' pkr~ ft yk i fj; kst u k v f/kd kj h , lñ

t hñ glu u s d k; ZØ e d k i fjp; fn; kA

çççç Lrq f rd j.k &1Lrq f rd j.k &1Lrq f rd j.k &1Lrq f rd j.k &1

f o"k ;f o"k ;f o"k ;f o"k ; &&&&

’ kgMksy ft ys e s J h&i ) fr d k fo L rkj , o a d k; Z; kst u k

i zL rqrd rk Z&i zL rqrd rk Z&i zL rqrd rk Z&i zL rqrd rk Z& , lñt hñ glu] f t y k i f j ;kst u k vf / k d kj h ' kgM ksy

v uwi fro kj h] f o "k ; f o ’ ks" kK d f̀ " k

ft ys e s i fj; kst u k ds d k; Z , oa J h & i ) fr

d h i zxfr o d k; Z; kst u k d k , lñt hñ glu , o a v u wi

fro kj h

¼fo "k;

fo ’ ks"kK½ u s

i zL rqrhd j.k

fd ; kA b les J h lan hi [kku o yd j fo ’ ks"kK

v frfF k , o a J h j ke o hj flag j kt i wr ¼fo ñf o ñ

fM.MkSj h½ fji ksZ fV; j jgsA

çççç Lrq f rd j.k &2Lrq f rd j.k &2Lrq f rd j.k &2Lrq f rd j.k &2

f o"k ;f o"k ;f o"k ;f o"k ; &&&&

j kT; b d kb Z } kj k J h&i ) fr ds fo L rkj d k d k; ZØ e

fM.MkSj h ft ys e s J h&i ) fr d k fo L rkj

i zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Z &&&& lan hi [kku o yd j ¼ j kT ; l eUo ; d d f̀ " k½

j ke o hj flag j kt i wr ¼ f o "k; f o ’ ks "kK d f̀ "k f M . M kSj h½

l= e s nwlj k i zL rqfrd j.k J h lan hi

[kku o yd j , oa J h j ke o hj flag j kt i wr ds } k j k

i zL rqr fd ; k x; k ft lesa i fj; kst u k d h j kT;

b d kbZ d s

} kj k

d f̀"k { ks= d s d k; ZØe ksa , oa i fj.kke ksa rF kk fM.MkSj h

ft ys e s J h i ) fr d h i zxfr d ks i zL rqr fd ; k x ; kA

b l i zL rqrhd j.k e s Mkñ c hñi hñ f=i kB h la; qDr

lapkyd d f̀"k fo ’ ks" kK v frfF k d s : i e sa mi fL F kr

jgsA

i z Lrq f rd j.k &3i z Lrq f rd j.k &3i z Lrq f rd j.k &3i z Lrq f rd j.k &3 f o"k ;f o"k ;f o"k ;f o"k ; &&&& J h&i ) fr pqu kSfr; ka] le k/k ku v kSj la Hkko u k,

i zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Z &&&& J h fo u ksn flag ¼ lad qy l eUo ; d ]

lad qy H kj hZ½ J h i ) fr d s fo L rkj esa { ks=h; v e ys d ks

v kSj fd lku ksa d ks ft u pqu kSfr; ksa d k lke u k dju k

i M+k rF kk n ksu ks a u s fe yd j muds t ks le k /kkj

[kkst s] lkF k g h /k ku mRi knu d s { ks= e sa J h i ) fr

d h laHkko u kv ksa i j ; g i zL rqrhd j.k fd ; k x; kA

b u rhu ksa i zL rqfrd j.k d s i ' pkr~

d k; ZØ e d s e q[; v frfF k e kuu h; J h

t ; flag e j ko h us vi u k lac ks/ku i zn ku

fd ; kA

J h e j ko h us d gk fd d̀f"k d s

mU u; u es i fj; kst u k ds } kj k l kF kZd

i z; Ru fd , t k jgs g SA i fj; kst u k u s y? k q

, oa lhe kU r fd lku ksa d s mRi knu d ks c < +ku s

e s J h i ) fr i zksRlk fgr fd ; k g S v kSj

b ld k ykHk Hkh fd lku ksa d ks fe yk gSA

ft ys d s fd lku ksa d ks i j ai j kxr

rj hd ksa ls mU u r rj hd ksa rd ys t ku k

pqu kSrhi w.k Z d k; Z g SA

b l d k; Z d ks d ju s d s fy; s i fj; kst u k d s e Sn ku h v e yksa d ks lk/ kwo kn n srk gW w] lkF k g h

v is{ kk d j rk gwa fd b l rd u hd h d ks i wj s

ft ys e sa i gaqpk; k t ko saA izn s’ k d s e q[; ea=h d k

li u k gS fd [ksrh d ks ykHkd kj h /ak/kk c u ku k

gS b ls v e yh t ke k i gu ku k lc d k n kf; Ro

gSA J h i ) fr b l y{; d ks i zkIr d jus e s

ykHkd kj h jg sxhA

e q[; v frfF k d s } kj k mu d "̀kd ksa d k

ft U gksau s xr o "kZ [kj hQ e sa J h i ) fr d ks

v i u k; k] lEe ku fd ; k x; kA

m|kfud h fo Hk kx d s le U o ; u ls

i fj; kst u k ds lCt h mRi knd d "̀kd ksa d ks

c kt kj e s lCt h i fj o gu d s fy; s v u qn ku i j

mi yC/k d j k; h x; h ØsV ~l d k e q[; v frfF k

d s d j de yksa ls fo rj.k d j k; k x; kA

b l l= d s i ' pkr~ Hk kst u ko d k’ k jgkA

i z Lrqi z Lrqi z Lrqi z Lrq f rd j.k &4f rd j.k &4f rd j.k &4f rd j.k &4

f o"k ;&f o"k ;&f o"k ;&f o"k ;&

A study on hybrid seed production by SRI i j rqyu kRe d i zfro snu

i zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Z &&&& fuf[ky f) o sn h ¼ i ln ln L ; d f̀ " k] c j d ksM k½

lad j c ht ls /k ku mRi knu d ju s o kys

fd lku ksa d s fy, b l v /;; u d s e k/;e ls ; g

lykg n h xb Z gS fd J h i ) fr d ks v i u kus i j

lad j u L y ds c ht T; kn k mRi knu n srs gSaA

b l l= e s MkW ñ c hñi hñ f=i kB h la; qDr lap ky d d̀f"k fo ’ ks" k v frfF k , o a J h fnud j

flga lgk; d lapkyd m| ku fji ksZ fVf; j jgsA

i z Lrq f rd j.k &5i z Lrq f rd j.k &5i z Lrq f rd j.k &5i z Lrq f rd j.k &5 f o"k ;&f o"k ;&f o"k ;&f o"k ;&

An impect study of B.G.A. application in SRI Field

i zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Zi zL rqrd rk Z &&&& e u kst i Vsy ¼ i ln ln L ; d f̀ " k] f c t gk½

b l v /;; u e sa ;wfj; k d s lIyhe saV d s :i

e sa u hy gfj r d kb Z d s i z; ksx d s D; k i zHkko jgs g Sa

v kSj u hy g fj r d kb Z i ; kZo j.k o t y laj{ k.k d s

nf̀"Vd ks.k ls fd lku k sa d s fy, fd l i zd kj

ykHkd kj h g Sa] lkF k g h ykxr d ks ? kV ku s e sa v kS j

[ksrh d ks y kHkd kj h c u ku s e sa b ld h H kwfe d k d k s

i zL rqr fd ; k gSA

b ld s i ' pkr~ j kT; le U o ;d J h [kku o yd j } kj k d "̀kd ksa d s } kj k mB k, x, i z’ u ksa o

le L ; kv ksa d k le k/kku d j rs gq, J h &i ) fr esa mi ; ksx v kus o kys d f̀" k mi Ø e ksa e kdZj] o hMj

d s fo fHkU u e kW Myksa i j pp kZ d h xb ZA

le k/kku l= e s la; qDr lapkyd

d f̀"k Mk0 c hñi hñ f=i kB h u s d "̀ kd ksa d k s

c rk; k fd J h i ) fr mRi knu c < +ku s e s

e gRo wi .kZ rj hd k gSA J h f=i kB h us fo Hkkx

} kj k lapk fyr ; kst u kv ksa d h t kud kj h n hA

J h , lñd sñ flag ¼ O; k[; krk , o a

i zxfr’ khy d "̀kd ½ u s d gk fd v c fd lku ksa

d ks t kx:d gksd j d̀f"k d k; Z d ks ,d O;o lk; d h rjg v i u ku k gksxk d̀f"k mU u; u ls gh

n s’ k d k fo d kl mU u; u gksxkA

t Sfo d fo f/k; ksa d ks i zksRlk fgr d jds ge t y

, oa i ; kZo j.k d h lqj{ kk d j ld rs gS lkF k gh d f̀"k

ykxr d ks Hk h ? kV k ld rs g SA

d k; ZØ e es lad qy ve gk ds lSyk lkaL d f̀rd

e .My j k? kkSi qj uR̀; le wg d s } kj k lkaL d f̀rd uR̀;

i zL rr̀ fd ; k x; kA

v ar es ft yk i fj; kst u k v f/kd kj h J h

, l0t h0 glu us v i u k le kiu mn~c ks/ku fn ; k

rF kk J h lat ho fro kj h ¼ fo 0fo 0 t yxzg.k½ u s

/kU ; o kn Kki u fn; kA

L o kxr d k; ZØ e d k lapkyu J h ' k’ kkad

flag ¼ fo 0fo 0 lapkj½ u s fd ; kA

i z f rHk k xhi z f rHk k xhi z f rHk k xhi z f rHk k xh &&&&

• J h i ) fr d ks v i u kdj

/kku mRi knu d ju s o kys

Ñ "kd

• y? kq , o a lhe kU r Ñ "kd ]

Ñ "kd fe =] v kt hfo d k

fe =] i zxfr’ khy Ñ "kd

• ' kkld h; v f/kd kj h]

d eZpkj h] ft yk i fj; kst u k lgk; rk b d kb Z d s v f/kd kj hx.k] lad qy le U o; d , o a

ln L ;

eh f M ;keh f M ;keh f M ;keh f M ;k &&&&

MkW - xt sU n z i zlkn f} o sn h]

lgk; d t u lai d Z v f/kd kj h]

' kgMksy] J h jfo U n j fla g

fxy&lk/ku k U ; wt ] J h flad U n j

v yh&b Z V ho h U;wt ] J h v k’ kh"k

' kqDyk& C; wj ks phQ ] n Sfud

HkkL d j] J h f’ ko u kj k.k f=i kB h&

n Sfud gfjHkwfe ] J h fo u ksn

' kqDyk&ub Z n qfu; k ] ] ] ] J h lan hi f) osn h&j kt ,Dli zsl] J h v o d k’ k xxZ&i f=d k] J h Hkksy k

' kqDyk&MhM h U ; wt ] J h fd j ks/kj lks af/k; k&v kd k’ k o k.kh ' kgM ksy

Ñ " k d ksa d s l q > koÑ " k d ksa d s l q > koÑ " k d ksa d s l q > koÑ " k d ksa d s l q > ko

1- , ag d k; ZØe esa v kb d ged k b t kud kj h fe yh fd J h i ) fr d h vi u ko bZ ls n qxqu k /kk u

i Sn k d h t kb ld F kbZA ge d k ; fn , ag i ) fr d izf’ k{ k. k n hu t k; ] r ge v iu s [ksru e sa

v kSj v i us Hkkb ; u d s [k sr e sa , ag l ky b gha fo f/ k ls /k ku i Sn k d jc A

j ke lqfe ju flag] i i j sM+h] i lx< +h

2 - ge jfo ’ kad j ds [ksr e k fi Nys lky /kku f n[ks jguA i fgys r [ksr [kkyh jgk] ge

lkspu fd jfo ’ kad j d [ksr fc xfM+ x gSA i b c kn es c ki j s c ki 40&45 c kfy; ka] v P Nk

Hkj k [ ksr] c kj k Hk fj H kfj d s /kku v ksd s ? kj e sa j[kk gSA , ag lky r ge i wj s [ ksr e sa

yxkmc A J h i ) fr ls v ki u xj hc h n wj d jcA

jk e ku qt uk f ir] f r[k ok

3 - v kt hfo d k i fj; kst u k ls ge d k le >ko k x jgk A i b ge c kr ugha e kuuA ge lkspu fd

3 fd yks ls Hkh , d , d M+ [ksr c kso k t kF kb dA ged k fo ’ o kl ugha gks jgkA v c ged k

v i us xyrh d , glkl gksb x gSA vc ds ge v iu s i kapksa [ksrk sa e sa ,agh i ) fr ls /kku

yxkmc A

jk e ljksoj] lU u k ] vadqjh

4 - d k; Z’ kkyk e sa v kb d ged k v P Nk yxkA t kudkj h fe yhA e a=h t h ge kj lEe ku fd ghuA

ge r xj hc fd lku v kguA ged k d Hkh d gha lEe ku ugha n hu xA ge d k d k e kywe jgk

fd J h i) fr d h v i u ko bZ ls ge kj ? kj v U u ls Hkj h t b Z v kSj b ru k c M+k v kne h ged k

' kky&u kfj; y nb d ge kj lEe ku d j hA v kt hfo d k i fj; kst u k u s ge d k lEe ku fn o k; k ]

ge kj h xj hc h n wj d fj l] ge /kU ; o kn n sb F ksA

v d kyh d so V]

5- d k; Z' kkyk e sa v kb d ge d k c gqr v P Nk yxkA g e d k t kud kj h fe yhA ;wfj; k d s fc u k d kb Z

ls Hkh i Sn ko kj yhu t kb ld F khA J h i ) fr , ru h mi ; ksxh] b lls , ru k ykHk fe yF kb Z]

ge d k v kt n wlj s fd lku Hk kb ; u ls i rk y kx A v c ge t ho u esa d Hkh fNV o ka c ksu h u

d jcA

xksd qy fla g] Nrji qj] pkai k