cerebral laterality: right brain/left brain
DESCRIPTION
CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN. Dominant brain and dumb brain. SPLIT-BRAIN RESEARCH. Split-brain surgery : when the corpus callosum is cut to reduce severity of epileptic seizures Has shown that right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versa. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAINDominant brain and dumb brain
![Page 2: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SPLIT-BRAIN RESEARCH Split-brain surgery:
when the corpus callosum is cut to reduce severity of epileptic seizures
Has shown that right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versa
![Page 3: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SPLIT-BRAIN RESEARCH Roger Sperry and
Michael Gazzaniga studies
Showed language is housed in the left hemisphere
Right hemisphere: visual-spatial tasks (colors, arranging, recognizing)
![Page 4: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION IN THE INTACT BRAIN Perceptual
Asymmetries: left-right imbalances btwn cerebral hemispheres in the speed of visual or auditory processing
Studied to show which hemisphere is more dominant in certain situations
![Page 5: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HEMISPHERE SPECIALIZATION
Better at: Verbal processing Language, speech,
reading, writing Possible: handling
emotions, links to schizophrenia
Better at: Nonverbal
processing Spatial, musical, and
visual recognition Possible: expression
of emotions, recognition of other’s emotions; classical conditioning, links to depression
LEFT HEMISPHERE RIGHT HEMISPHERE
![Page 6: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Glands that secrete
chemicals (hormones) into the bloodstream that help control body functioning
30 different hormones
Hypothalamus controls the endocrine system
![Page 7: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Hypothalamus
connected to the… Pituitary gland:
releases variety of hormones that fan out in the body, stimulating actions in other endocrine glands
Pituitary gland is the “master gland” of the endocrine system
![Page 8: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
HEREDITY AND BEHAVIORBehavioral genetics: interdisciplinary field that studies the influence of genetic factors on behavioral traits
![Page 9: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CHROMOSOMES AND GENES Chromosomes: strands
of DNA molecules that carry genetic info.
46 chromosomes (23 pairs, 1 chromosome from each parent)
Each chromosome contains Genes: DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmission
![Page 10: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CHROMOSOMES AND GENES Homozygous
condition: two genes in specific pair are the same
Heterozygous condition: 2 genes in a specific pair are different
When heterozygous, the dominant gene is expressed
![Page 11: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
GENOTYPE VS. PHENOTYPE Genotype: a
person’s genetic makeup
Phenotype: ways in which a person’s genotype is manifested in observable characteristics
![Page 12: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
POLYGENIC INHERITANCE Polygenic traits:
characteristics that are influenced by more than one pair of genes
Most human characteristics are polygenic
![Page 13: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
RESEARCH METHODS FOR INVESTIGATING HEREDITARY INFLUENCE
Family studies: examining blood relatives to see how much they resemble one another on a specific trait
Shows traits that “run in the family”
Only correlative
![Page 14: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
RESEARCH METHODS CONTINUED Twin studies:
comparing the resemblance of identical and fraternal twins w/respect to a trait
Identical (monozygotic) twins: one zygote, split
Fraternal (dizygotic) twins: 2 eggs fertilized by different sperm cells, 2 separate zygotes
![Page 15: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
RESEARCH METHODS CONTINUED Adoption studies:
examining resemblance btwn adopted children and both their biological and adoptive parents
Usually done only with babies given up at birth
![Page 16: CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56816720550346895ddba1f3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
GENETIC MAPPING Def: process of
determining the location and chemical sequence of specific genes on specific chromosomes
Technology only allows for single gene mapping
Most human traits are polygenic