社会保障費用統計の国際比較 −oecd socx 2014 …2001/12/07 ·...
TRANSCRIPT
67
はじめに
2014
26 11 11 24
OECD ILO
2
1 OECD 2
2
ILO World Social Security
Report
Ⅰ OECD SOCX 2014 editionにみる 諸外国の動向
1 5
OECD
2
2011
1
GDP 23.65 2011
2009 24.91%
22.58
5
OECD SOCX 2014edition
2004 5
2 2008
GDP
2008 GDP
2009
GDP
GDP
OECD SOCX 1980
2
1980
GDP
2 GDP
動 向
社会保障費用統計の国際比較−OECD SOCX 2014 ed.とILO World Social Security Report −
国立社会保障・人口問題研究所 社会保障費用統計プロジェクト
68
Winter 2014 No. 189
OECD Social Expenditure Database 2014 ed. http://www.oecd.org/els/social/expenditure
26 OECD National Accounts 2014
図1 政策分野別社会支出の対GDP比の国際比較(2011年度)
69
社会支出の対GDP比
OECD SOCX2014
図2 社会支出の対GDP比の推移
OECD SOCX2014
図3 政策分野別社会支出の構成割合の国際比較(2011年度)
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Winter 2014 No. 189
3
39.9
46.5
8 2
OECD SOCX Old Age
2014 1
OECD 1990
1 2
2009
表1 フランス:対前年度増加に対する寄与率(%)
2008 2009 2010 20111. 62.5 33.1 42.6 76.22. 4.2 1.8 5.0 6.03. 4.9 1.2 3.7 4.04. 27.0 21.9 17.9 28.75. 5.6 6.2 1.2 6.16. -7.4 7.5 16.8 -25.07. -2.1 18.3 8.7 -3.98. 5.6 1.3 1.0 4.19. -0.2 8.7 3.2 3.9
OECD SOCX2014 ed
表2 スウェーデン:対前年度増加に対する寄与率(%)
2008 2009 2010 20111. 60.5 46.7 28.5 38.92. -0.1 0.4 -5.3 -3.93. 0.8 -6.4 -31.4 -12.64. 43.8 22.3 21.6 52.95. 27.0 8.6 31.2 29.06. -14.6 4.8 58.5 19.07. -22.7 18.5 -17.0 -25.48. -0.2 0.1 3.5 1.59. 5.5 5.1 10.5 0.7
OECD SOCX2014 ed
3 4 2011
GDP
OECD
71
3 対GDP比で「高齢」の大きい国
2011 201113.4 8.412.5 8.312.3 7.111.9 6.511.3 6.410.5 6.210.4 6.210.2 6.0
9.4 6.09.2 5.89.0 4.88.8 2.68.6 2.18.4 1.6
OECD SOCX2014 ed
表4 対GDP比で「保健」の大きい国
2011 201111.8 6.58.6 6.38.2 6.28.0 5.98.0 5.78.0 5.77.8 5.67.7 5.67.0 5.66.7 4.96.7 4.56.6 4.26.6 4.06.6 2.9
OECD SOCX2014 ed
OECD 3
3
2
p.49
24
1980
2012 2
24
5
OECD
5 4 5 6
GDP 10.2
2013
2
2013
2020
12.9%
2040 22.6 2009
72
Winter 2014 No. 189
表5 各国の政策分野別社会支出の対GDP比(2011年)(%)
+ 31.4 27.6 26.8 23.7 23.6 19.3 10.21. 12.5 9.4 8.6 6.8 11.0 6.0 3.02. 1.8 0.4 2.0 0.1 1.4 0.7 0.33. 1.5 4.7 3.2 2.6 1.0 1.6 0.64. 8.6 6.7 8.0 7.7 7.7 8.1 4.15. 2.9 3.6 2.2 4.0 1.3 0.7 1.06. 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.37. 1.6 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.38. 0.8 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.1 0.3 a9. 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.6
31.0 27.2 25.5 22.7 23.0 19.0 9.01. 12.5 9.4 8.6 6.0 10.4 6.0 2.12. 1.7 0.4 2.0 0.1 1.4 0.7 0.33. 1.4 4.3 2.0 2.5 1.0 1.4 0.54. 8.6 6.7 8.0 7.7 7.7 8.0 4.05. 2.9 3.6 2.2 4.0 1.3 0.7 0.96. 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.37. 1.6 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.38. 0.8 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.1 0.3 a9. 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.6
0.3 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.3 1.21. 0.1 a a 0.7 0.6 a 0.92. 0.1 a a a a a a3. 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.1 a 0.2 0.14. a a a a a 0.2 0.15. a a 0.1 a a a a6. a a a a a a a7. a a a 0.1 a a a8. a a a a a a a9. a a a a a a a
OECD Stat 2014 11 SOCXa
OECD SOCX2014 ed
2 2011
2013
9.8
2012 3
2060
10
73
OECD SOCX2014 ed
図5 公的支出の対GDP比(2011年)(%)
OECD SOCX2014 ed
図4 公的支出+義務的私的支出合計の対GDP比(2011年)(%)
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OECD SOCX2014 ed
図6 義務的私的支出の対GDP比(2011年)(%)
Ⅱ ILO World Social Protection Report にみる世界の動向
2
ILO
ILO World Social Security
Report 2010/2011
2014 ILO 3
2014 ILO
a
b
c
d
1.社会的保護政策に関する近年のILOの動向
ILO 2000
national
floors of social protection
2012 6
14 ILO ILO 202
Recommendation concerning National Floors of
Social Protection
20
2014 ILO ILO 202
75
2.2014年ILO報告
(1) 社会的保護政策の重要性
2014 ILO
27
73
2014 ILO
(2) 子どもと家族に対する社会的保護
2014 ILO
108
75
GDP 0.4%
2.2%
0.2
2007 2012 EU 28 19
2014 ILO
(3) 生産年齢4 にある者に対する社会的保護
2014 ILO
GDP 2.3%
0.5% 5.9%
28%
80%
38% 21%
17% 8%
12% 64
7%
5%
3%
33.9%
39.4%
76
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87
40%
48%
(4) 高齢者に対する所得保障
2014 ILO
48
42
(5) 医療保障
39
90%
40%
88
2000
(6) 社会的保護の拡大を目指して
2014 ILO
2015
77
3.2014年ILO報告の意義
ILO
ILO
OECD EUROSTAT
IMF ILO 2000
SSI
2 OECD
ILO
SSI
2014
ILO
6 SSI
ILO CSS
OECD SOCX EUROSTAT
ESSPROS
ADB
おわりに
2 OECD
ILO
2014 ILO
2014 10 OECD
OECD
2014 5 ADB ILO
78
Winter 2014 No. 189
Major area, region or country Total social protection expenditure total
Public health care expenditure
% of GDP
Public social protection expenditure for older persons % of GDP
Public social protection expenditure for persons of active age % of GDP
Public social protection expenditure for children
% of GDP
Social benefits for persons of active age
excluding general social assistance
Unemployment Labour market programme
Sickness, maternity, employment injury, disability
General social assistance% of GDP
Latest availableyear
Lat
est a
vaila
ble
yea
r
Yea
r
Lat
est a
vaila
ble
year
Not
e
Yea
r
Lat
est a
vaila
ble
year
Not
e
Yea
r
Lat
est
avai
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eye
ar
Not
e
Yea
r
Lat
est
avai
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eye
ar
Not
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r
Lat
est
ava
ilabl
eye
ar
Not
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r
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est
ava
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eye
ar
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r
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r
Regional average weighted by total populationAfrica 4.3 2.6 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2North Africa 10.0 3.2 5.0 1.1 0.3 0.4Sub-saharan Africa 4.3 2.6 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.1Asia and the Pacific 4.6 1.5 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.2Western Europe 27.1 7.9 11.1 5.0 0.9 2.2Central and Eastern Europe 17.8 4.4 8.3 3.0 1.3 0.8Latin America and the Caribbean 13.9 4.0 4.6 2.0 2.6 0.7North America 17.0 8.5 6.6 2.8 1.1 0.7Middle East 11.0 2.0 3.3 1.5 3.4 0.8World 8.8 2.8 3.3 1.5 0.7 0.4
AsiaBangladesh 2.69 2011 1.11 3 2011 0.71 3 2011 0.46 3 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.45 3 2011 0.02 3 2011 0.32 3 2011 0.09 3 2010Bhutan 4.77 2010 2.97 3 2010 0.68 3 2010 0.03 3 2011 n.a. 13 2010 0.03 3 2010 0.00 3 2010 1.09 3 2010Brunei Darussalam 2.95 2009 2.04 14 2009Cambodia 1.79 2011 1.26 3 2011 0.15 3 2011 0.10 3 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.10 3 2011 0.00 3 2011 0.18 3 2011 0.10 3 2011China 6.83 2010 1.27 10 2010 2.89 3 2009 1.90 3 2009 0.14 1 2009 0.20 3 2009 1.55 3 2009 0.54 3 2009 0.22 3 2009Hong Kong China , Special Administrative Region 4.58 2011 2.34 3 2011 1.60 5 2011 0.60 1 2011 n.a. 13 2010 0.60 1 2010 0.03 1 2010 0.07 1 2010
India 2.56 2010 1.06 4 2010 0.75 3 2010 0.60 3 2010 3 2009 0.50 3 2010 0.10 3 2010 0.10 3 2010 0.06 3 2010Indonesia 2.63 2010 1.03 4 2010 0.45 3 2010 0.09 3 2010 n.a. 13 2010 0.07 3 2010 0.03 3 2010 0.38 3 2010 0.68 3 2010Japan 22.40 2009 7.15 8 2009 11.83 8 2009 2.26 8 2009 0.71 8 2009 0.43 8 2009 1.13 8 2009 0.37 8 2009 0.79 8 2009Korea, Republic of 9.19 2010 4.12 8 2010 2.36 8 2010 1.24 8 2010 0.31 8 2010 0.38 8 2010 0.54 8 2010 0.68 8 2010 0.78 8 2010Lao People's Democratic Republic 1.74 2005 1.22 4 2010 0.10 3 2010 0.06 3 2010 n.a. 13 2010 0.06 3 2010 0.34 3 2010 0.02 3 2010Malaysia 2.99 2012 1.99 3 2012 0.89 3 2012 0.07 3 2012 n.a. 13 2012 0.00 3 2012 0.07 3 2012 0.03 3 2012 0.02 3 2012Myanmar 0.96 2004 0.26 10 2011 0.60 5 2011 0.06 1 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.06 1 2011 0.04 1 2011 0.00 2 2011Pakistan 1.68 2010 0.38 2 2010 1.01 3 2010 0.03 3 2010 n.a. 13 2010 0.03 3 2010 0.00 3 2010 0.25 3 2010 0.01 3 2010Philippines 1.55 2012 0.56 3 2012 0.58 3 2012 0.27 3 2012 n.a. 13 2012 0.02 3 2012 0.25 3 2012 0.01 3 2012 0.14 3 2012Singapore 2.83 2011 1.20 10 2011 0.70 1 2011 0.91 1 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.02 1 2011 0.89 1 2011 0.01 1 2011 0.01 1 2011Sri Lanka 3.14 2011 1.26 10 2011 1.68 3 2011 0.04 3 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.02 3 2011 0.01 3 2011 0.02 3 2011 0.15 3 2011Taiwan 10.54 2009 3.75 2 2009 4.74 2 2009 1.09 2 2009 0.29 1 2009 0.19 2 2009 0.61 2 2009 0.53 2 2009 0.43 2 2009Thailand 7.24 2011 2.27 10 2011 4.20 3 2011 0.31 3 2011 0.11 3 2011 0.00 3 2011 0.20 3 2011 0.01 3 2011 0.45 3 2011Viet Nam 6.28 2010 2.54 4 2010 3.13 3 2010 0.51 3 2010 0.02 3 2010 0.16 3 2010 0.33 3 2010 0.09 3 2010 0.02 3 2010
表6 Public social protection expenditure by guarantee, latest available year (percentage of GDP)ILO 2014 pp.306-315
Notes Not available.
n.a. Not applicable.
Sources1 ILO International Labour Office : ILO Social Security Inquiry. Available at: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/ilossi/ssimain.home [6 Jun. 2014].2 National source: Ministry of Finance.3 ADB Asian Development Bank : ADB Social Protection Index database. Available at: http://spi.adb.org/spidmz/index.jsp [6 Jun. 2014].4 WHO World Health Organization : National Health Accounts Global Health Expenditure database . Available at: http://
apps.who.int/nha/database [6 Jun. 2014].5 World Bank pensions data. Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTSOCIALPROTECTION/
EXTPENSIONS/0,,contentMDK:23231994~menuPK:8874064~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:396253,00.html [20 Apr. 2014].6 UNICEF country report.7 HelpAge International: HelpAge's social pensions database. Available at: http://www.pension-watch.net/about-social-pensions/
about-social-pensions/social-pensions-database/ [6 Jun. 2014].
79
Major area, region or country Total social protection expenditure total
Public health care expenditure
% of GDP
Public social protection expenditure for older persons % of GDP
Public social protection expenditure for persons of active age % of GDP
Public social protection expenditure for children
% of GDP
Social benefits for persons of active age
excluding general social assistance
Unemployment Labour market programme
Sickness, maternity, employment injury, disability
General social assistance% of GDP
Latest availableyear
Lat
est a
vaila
ble
yea
r
Yea
r
Lat
est a
vaila
ble
year
Not
e
Yea
r
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est a
vaila
ble
y ear
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e
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r
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est
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ar
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Regional average weighted by total populationAfrica 4.3 2.6 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2North Africa 10.0 3.2 5.0 1.1 0.3 0.4Sub-saharan Africa 4.3 2.6 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.1Asia and the Pacific 4.6 1.5 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.2Western Europe 27.1 7.9 11.1 5.0 0.9 2.2Central and Eastern Europe 17.8 4.4 8.3 3.0 1.3 0.8Latin America and the Caribbean 13.9 4.0 4.6 2.0 2.6 0.7North America 17.0 8.5 6.6 2.8 1.1 0.7Middle East 11.0 2.0 3.3 1.5 3.4 0.8World 8.8 2.8 3.3 1.5 0.7 0.4
AsiaBangladesh 2.69 2011 1.11 3 2011 0.71 3 2011 0.46 3 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.45 3 2011 0.02 3 2011 0.32 3 2011 0.09 3 2010Bhutan 4.77 2010 2.97 3 2010 0.68 3 2010 0.03 3 2011 n.a. 13 2010 0.03 3 2010 0.00 3 2010 1.09 3 2010Brunei Darussalam 2.95 2009 2.04 14 2009Cambodia 1.79 2011 1.26 3 2011 0.15 3 2011 0.10 3 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.10 3 2011 0.00 3 2011 0.18 3 2011 0.10 3 2011China 6.83 2010 1.27 10 2010 2.89 3 2009 1.90 3 2009 0.14 1 2009 0.20 3 2009 1.55 3 2009 0.54 3 2009 0.22 3 2009Hong Kong China , Special Administrative Region 4.58 2011 2.34 3 2011 1.60 5 2011 0.60 1 2011 n.a. 13 2010 0.60 1 2010 0.03 1 2010 0.07 1 2010
India 2.56 2010 1.06 4 2010 0.75 3 2010 0.60 3 2010 3 2009 0.50 3 2010 0.10 3 2010 0.10 3 2010 0.06 3 2010Indonesia 2.63 2010 1.03 4 2010 0.45 3 2010 0.09 3 2010 n.a. 13 2010 0.07 3 2010 0.03 3 2010 0.38 3 2010 0.68 3 2010Japan 22.40 2009 7.15 8 2009 11.83 8 2009 2.26 8 2009 0.71 8 2009 0.43 8 2009 1.13 8 2009 0.37 8 2009 0.79 8 2009Korea, Republic of 9.19 2010 4.12 8 2010 2.36 8 2010 1.24 8 2010 0.31 8 2010 0.38 8 2010 0.54 8 2010 0.68 8 2010 0.78 8 2010Lao People's Democratic Republic 1.74 2005 1.22 4 2010 0.10 3 2010 0.06 3 2010 n.a. 13 2010 0.06 3 2010 0.34 3 2010 0.02 3 2010Malaysia 2.99 2012 1.99 3 2012 0.89 3 2012 0.07 3 2012 n.a. 13 2012 0.00 3 2012 0.07 3 2012 0.03 3 2012 0.02 3 2012Myanmar 0.96 2004 0.26 10 2011 0.60 5 2011 0.06 1 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.06 1 2011 0.04 1 2011 0.00 2 2011Pakistan 1.68 2010 0.38 2 2010 1.01 3 2010 0.03 3 2010 n.a. 13 2010 0.03 3 2010 0.00 3 2010 0.25 3 2010 0.01 3 2010Philippines 1.55 2012 0.56 3 2012 0.58 3 2012 0.27 3 2012 n.a. 13 2012 0.02 3 2012 0.25 3 2012 0.01 3 2012 0.14 3 2012Singapore 2.83 2011 1.20 10 2011 0.70 1 2011 0.91 1 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.02 1 2011 0.89 1 2011 0.01 1 2011 0.01 1 2011Sri Lanka 3.14 2011 1.26 10 2011 1.68 3 2011 0.04 3 2011 n.a. 13 2011 0.02 3 2011 0.01 3 2011 0.02 3 2011 0.15 3 2011Taiwan 10.54 2009 3.75 2 2009 4.74 2 2009 1.09 2 2009 0.29 1 2009 0.19 2 2009 0.61 2 2009 0.53 2 2009 0.43 2 2009Thailand 7.24 2011 2.27 10 2011 4.20 3 2011 0.31 3 2011 0.11 3 2011 0.00 3 2011 0.20 3 2011 0.01 3 2011 0.45 3 2011Viet Nam 6.28 2010 2.54 4 2010 3.13 3 2010 0.51 3 2010 0.02 3 2010 0.16 3 2010 0.33 3 2010 0.09 3 2010 0.02 3 2010
8 OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development . OECD Social and welfare statistics: Social Expenditure Database SOCX Paris, 2013 . Available at: http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?datasetcode=SOCX_AGG [6 Jun. 2014].
9 European Commission, Eurostat, Living conditions and welfare: Social Protection Database ESSPROS Luxembourg, 2013 . Available at: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/living_conditions_and_social_protection/data/database [6 Jun. 2014]
10 IMF International Monetary Fund : Government Finance Statistics, March 2014. Washington, DC, 2014 .11 Overseas Development Institute ODI .12 UN ECLAC United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean : Statistics and indicators, social
public expenditure Santiago de Chile, 2014 . Available at: http://www.cepal.org/default.asp?idioma=IN [6 Jun. 2014].13 SSA Social Security Administration of the United States ; ISSA International Social Security Association . Social security
programs throughout the world Washington, DC and Geneva : The Americas, 2013; Europe, 2012; Asia and the Pacific, 2012; Africa, 2013. Available at: http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw/ [6 June 2014].
14 GSW Government Spending Watch . Available at: http://www.governmentspendingwatch.org/spending-data [20 May 2014].
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注1 2014 p.187.
2 KIHASA 2014
3 ILO 2014a
4 15 64
5 OECD 2014
参考文献ILO 2010 World Social Security Report 2010/2011
ILO 2014a World Social Protection Report 2014/2015
ILO 2014b Executive summary of the World Social Protection
Report 2014/15 http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/
public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/
wcms_245131.pdf 2014 11 19
Korea Institute for Health and social Affairs, KIHASA
2014 Long-term Projection of Social Expenditure
in Korea
OECD 2014 Society at a Glance: Asia/Pacific 2014
http://www.oecd.org/els/society-at-a-glance-asia-
pacific-24089168.htm 2014 11 18
2014 10
2014
2012 100 ILO
No.643,pp.6-24 http://oohara.mt.tama.hosei.ac.jp/
oz/643/643-03.pdf
ILO 2010 Social Protection
Floor ILO
2010 11 30 102 http://www.ilo.
org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---ilo-
tokyo/documents/article/wcms_247186.pdf
本文中の略語一覧:CSS Cost of Social Security
ESSPROS European System of Integrated Social Protection
Statistics
EUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European Union
ILO International Labour Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development
SNA System of National Accounts
SOCX Social Expenditure
SSI Social Security Inquiry
3