Central dogma

• DNA is made (transcribed) into RNA• RNA is made (translated) into protein

DNA is made into RNA

• A protein enzyme, polymerase, transcribes (makes) DNA into RNA.

You will transcribe DNA into RNA today!

RNA made into protein

RNA is genetic material that codes for proteinRNA must contain the correct code to make the correct protein

Ribozyme

• RNA that acts as an enzyme• Enzymes speed up a reaction• Ribozymes cleave (cut) RNA

Splicing

Splice – to join together at the endsGenes can be cut and pasted together (spliced!)

Why Splice?Exon 1 Intron Exon 2

Certain parts of RNA do not code for proteins,

they need to be cut out

Exon – part of gene that codes for proteinIntron – does not code for protein, splice it out!

Splicing Before splicing

Exon 1 Intron Exon 2

After splicing

Exon 1 Exon 2

Exon –codes for proteinIntron – does not code for protein, splice it out!

Splicing Before splicing

Exon 1 Intron Exon 2

After splicing

Exon 1 Exon 2

Exon –codes for proteinIntron – does not code for protein, splice it out!

Ready for Protein! Before splicing

Not ready to be made into protein

After splicing

Ready to be made into protein

Exon –codes for proteinIntron – does not code for protein, splice it out!

Ribozyme

• Ribozymes can splice RNA together

You will be splicing RNA together using a ribozyme today

What will you do?

• You will transcribe DNA into RNA. This will be done by incubating the DNA with polymerase, the enzyme that turns DNA into RNA.

What will you do?

• The RNA that you will make contains a ribozyme. The ribozyme will splice itself! Each group will transcribe and splice for a different amount of time.

Group 1- 5 minutesGroup 2 – 10 minutesGroup 3 – 15 minutesGroup 4 – 20 minutes

What will it look like?