central development laboratory
DESCRIPTION
Central Development Laboratory. IEEE Tour April 2003. (Adapted from John Webber’s Viewgraphs, April 2002 Presented tonight by Skip Thacker). Block Diagram. CDL Activities. Low-noise Amplifiers Passive Electromagnetic Devices ALMA SIS mixers for Bands 3 & 6 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Central Development Central Development LaboratoryLaboratory
(Adapted from (Adapted from John Webber’sJohn Webber’s Viewgraphs, Viewgraphs, April 2002April 2002
Presented tonight by Skip Thacker)Presented tonight by Skip Thacker)
IEEE TourApril 2003
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 2
Block DiagramBlock DiagramSignals
from other antennas
Antenna
Local Oscillator
MixerIF
Amplifier
Correlator
Computer
Image
\\CVFILER\cv-cdl-pub\CDL Tour\RadioBlockDiagram.dwg
Feed
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 3
CDL ActivitiesCDL ActivitiesLow-noise AmplifiersLow-noise AmplifiersPassive Electromagnetic DevicesPassive Electromagnetic DevicesALMA SIS mixers for Bands 3 & 6ALMA SIS mixers for Bands 3 & 6ALMA Front End LO for All BandsALMA Front End LO for All BandsALMA CorrelatorALMA CorrelatorOther Digital ProjectsOther Digital ProjectsL-band Array Receiver (with Green Bank)L-band Array Receiver (with Green Bank)
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 4
Amplifier GoalsAmplifier Goals
Keep up with receiver buildsKeep up with receiver builds Improve production efficiencyImprove production efficiencyDevelop InP amplifiers for Develop InP amplifiers for
bands down to 1 GHzbands down to 1 GHzStart replacement of Start replacement of
antiquated test equipmentantiquated test equipment
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 5
Production AmplifiersProduction AmplifiersBand (GHz) Noise (K) Comment Band (GHz) Noise (K) CommentBand (GHz) Noise (K) Comment Band (GHz) Noise (K) Comment
0.3-0.40.3-0.4 2.0 balanced 2.0 balanced C 4-6 C 4-6 9 9 0.4-0.50.4-0.5 2.0 balanced2.0 balanced C/X 3-13 C/X 3-13 5 5 InP InP 0.5-0.70.5-0.7 2.0 balanced2.0 balanced X/Ku 8-18 X/Ku 8-18 6 6 InP InP 0.7-0.90.7-0.9 3.0 balanced3.0 balanced K 18-26 K 18-26 9 9 InP InP 0.9-1.20.9-1.2 3.0 balanced3.0 balanced Ka 26-40 Ka 26-40 14 14 InP InP 1.2-1.71.2-1.7 3.0 3.0 Q 40-50 Q 40-50 18 18 InP InP 1.7-2.61.7-2.6 4.5 4.5 V 65-90 V 65-90 45 45 InP InP 2.6-42.6-4 5.2 5.2 W 68-116 W 68-116 60 60 InP InP
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 6
ElectromagneticsElectromagnetics Feeds for GBT: 26-40 and 68-92 GHzFeeds for GBT: 26-40 and 68-92 GHz Feed for EVLA: 1.2-2.0 GHzFeed for EVLA: 1.2-2.0 GHz
G/T slightly worse at zenithG/T slightly worse at zenithG/T much improved integrated over skyG/T much improved integrated over skyScaled versions for 2-4 and 4-8 GHzScaled versions for 2-4 and 4-8 GHz
Optics for ALMA Band 6 (211-275 GHz)Optics for ALMA Band 6 (211-275 GHz)
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 7
GBT 68-92 GHz Feed DesignGBT 68-92 GHz Feed Design
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 8
SIS Mixer ObjectivesSIS Mixer Objectives ALMA Band 6 (211-275) GHz ALMA Band 6 (211-275) GHz
sideband-separating, balanced mixersideband-separating, balanced mixer ALMA Band 3 (84-116 GHz) elemental ALMA Band 3 (84-116 GHz) elemental
mixer for use by Herzberg Institutemixer for use by Herzberg Institute Internal IF amp for 8 GHz bandwidthInternal IF amp for 8 GHz bandwidth Band 6 cartridge developmentBand 6 cartridge development Automated mixer testingAutomated mixer testing
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 9
Band 6 Waveguide-HybridBand 6 Waveguide-HybridSIS Mixer BlockSIS Mixer Block
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 10
Band 6 Waveguide-HybridBand 6 Waveguide-HybridSIS Mixer Block DetailSIS Mixer Block Detail
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 11
New Band 3 ElementalNew Band 3 ElementalSIS Mixer WaferSIS Mixer Wafer
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 12
New Band 3 ElementalNew Band 3 ElementalSIS Mixer Wafer DetailSIS Mixer Wafer Detail
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 13
New Band 3 ElementalNew Band 3 ElementalSIS Mixer Wafer DetailSIS Mixer Wafer Detail
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 14
Band 6 BalancedBand 6 BalancedMixer-preamp AssemblyMixer-preamp Assembly
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 15
SIS Mixer Test FacilitySIS Mixer Test FacilityWith Two 4K DewarsWith Two 4K Dewars
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 16
ALMA Front End LO TasksALMA Front End LO Tasks
YIG-Tuned-Oscillator-based driversYIG-Tuned-Oscillator-based driversLow phase noise lock loopsLow phase noise lock loopsFinal power amplifiersFinal power amplifiersHigh-frequency multipliersHigh-frequency multipliers
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 17
96-104 GHz Power-combining96-104 GHz Power-combiningBalanced Power AmplifierBalanced Power Amplifier
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 18
ALMA Band 6 LO PrototypeALMA Band 6 LO Prototypefor SIS Mixer Test Facilityfor SIS Mixer Test Facility
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 19
Prototype Warm Multiplier Prototype Warm Multiplier AssemblyAssembly
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 20
Band 6 CartridgeBand 6 CartridgeLO componentsLO components
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 21
ALMA CorrelatorALMA Correlator• 64 antennas• 8 IF bands per antenna• 4 Gsamples/sec per IF band, 2 bits/sample
correlated• 1024 lead + 1024 lag correlations per baseline• 30 km maximum baseline delay range• Full polarization capability plus autocorrelation• Digital filter for bandwidths <2 GHz• Switch modes in less than 1.5 seconds
• This requires 4,194,304 multiply-and-add correlators at 4 GHz rate
• Total computation rate is 1.7 X 1016 multiply-and-add operations/sec
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 22
FIR Filter Card & Station CardFIR Filter Card & Station Card
FIR Filter Card Station Card
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 23
Station Card in Test FixtureStation Card in Test Fixture
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 24
Correlator Card BackCorrelator Card Back
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 25
Front
and
Rear
Views
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 26
Station Bin
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 27
Beam-Forming Array Beam-Forming Array ReceiverReceiver
Objective: synthesize multiple beams for Objective: synthesize multiple beams for 1300-1750 GHz, where conventional feed 1300-1750 GHz, where conventional feed arrays are impractical on the GBTarrays are impractical on the GBT
Approach: oversample e-m field at focal Approach: oversample e-m field at focal plane with closely spaced feedsplane with closely spaced feeds
Challenges:Challenges:Achieve system noise temperature close to that of a Achieve system noise temperature close to that of a
conventional receiverconventional receiverAchieve mechanical and electronic stability sufficient Achieve mechanical and electronic stability sufficient
for reliable calibrationfor reliable calibration
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 28
Beam Forming ArrayBeam Forming Array
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 29
Beam-Forming Array FeedsBeam-Forming Array Feeds Array of dipoles Array of dipoles
samples focal planesamples focal plane Tuned for 1300-Tuned for 1300-
1750 MHz1750 MHz 37-element 37-element
prototype provides prototype provides 7 beams on the sky7 beams on the sky
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IEEE CDL Tour April 2003 30
Prototype DipolePrototype Dipole