centesimus annus
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Centesimus
AnnusReport by:
Peña, Tabitha
What isCentesimus
Annus
Encyclical by Pope John Paul IIIssued on May 1, 1991 Literally means "The Hundredth Year"Commemorated the 100th anniversary of Rerum Novarum
CENTESIMUS ANNUS
What isRerum Novarum
RERUM NOVARUM
Encyclical by Pope Leo XIII
Issued on May 15, 1891Literally means “Of New Things” First Encyclical on Catholic Social Teaching
RERUM NOVARUM
Most comprehensive stance ever made by the Church on social issuesBroke down the barriers that separated the Church and the workers
On what context is
Rerum Novarum grounded
CONTEXTResponse on the issues brought on by the so-called “New Things” or
the spirit of revolutionary change in: politics, economics and society
What is Rerum Novarum’s
major concern
Capital, labor and condition of workers
MAJOR CONCERN
What issues did Rerum Novarum
raise
ISSUE: Production is controlled by a fewRESPONSE: Fix limits of private possession by
the industry of men
ISSUE: Concentrated wealth of powerful people promotes greed and exploits workers
RESPONSE: Recall that just ownership of money is distinct from just use
ISSUE: Enormous wealth of a few and poverty of the masses
RESPONSE: Promote trade associations and just wages
ISSUE: Inhuman conditions existRESPONSE: Emphasis on the rights of the poor
and the defenseless
ISSUE: Decline of morals causes conflict RESPONSE: Teach and spread the Church’s
social doctrine as an essential part of the mission of evangelization
ISSUE: Socialism rejects private propertyRESPONSE: Recognize that private property is a right and stabilizer of society
ISSUE: Socialism favors class warfare theoryRESPONSE: Encourage equitable relations
between capital and labor
What is Rerum Novarum’s
main point
MAIN POINTIdeologies of hatred, violence and
injustice could be overcome by helping the poor and promoting workers’ welfare by defining the role of the
Church, the State, private property, workers and employers
Centesimus Annus:
An Overview
INTRODUCTIONRerum Novarum is of great importance due to the various initiatives it unleashed 1
“Re-reading” of Rerum Novarum 3
CHAPTER 1:Characteristics of
Rerum Novarum
CHAPTER 1:Characteristics of Rerum
NovarumDescribes prevalent situations in 1891 which led to Rerum Novarum 4
Industrial Revolution Clash between Socialism and Capitalism Marxism
CHAPTER 1:Characteristics of Rerum
NovarumDiscusses the fundamental conditions of justice in Rerum Novarum which remains apt to the challenges of today 5-6
CHAPTER 1:Characteristics of Rerum
NovarumReflects on Rerum Novarum’s correct view on the human person 11
"God has imprinted His own image and likeness on man (Gen 1:26), bestowing upon
him an incomparable dignity. “
CHAPTER 2:Towards the
“New Things” of Today
Speaks of the error of separating human freedom from obedience to the truth which result to: self-love and contempt for God affirmation of self interests refusal of limitations violation of human rights 17
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
Characterizes Post-World War II in Europe as a “situation of non-war rather than genuine peace!“ 18-20
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
No control over own destiny 18
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
An “insane” arms race swallowed up vital resources needed for national development
and assistance towards developing countries 18
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
Violent extremist groups found ready political
and military support and were equipped and trained for war 18
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
Atomic threat oppressed the world 18
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
Impeded genuine independence of developing countries
due to foreign Economic and political control and the lack of a competent professional class 20
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
Points to International Documents (United Nations Organization) after World War II which showed a "more lively sense of human rights“ rights of individuals and of nations clearer realization of the need to act to
remedy grave global imbalances
CHAPTER 2:Towards the “New Things” of
Today
CHAPTER 3:The Year 1989
Enumerated factors that contributed to the fall of oppressive regimes in Eastern Europe and the beginning of a more just system in some Third World countries: violation of workers’ rights 23
inefficiency of the economic system 24
spiritual void brought about by atheism 24
CHAPTER 3:The Year 1989
CHAPTER 4:Private Property and
the Universal Destination ofMaterial Goods
Chapter which begins to address what should be doneTransition from a reflective review on Rerum Novarum to a constructive teachingWork, which is in our day work with and for others, is the human response to God’s gifts 31
CHAPTER 4:Private Property and the Universal Destination of
Material Goods
CHAPTER 5:State and Culture
Mainly addresses political issuesAffirm ‘the rule of law’ Argues that the dignity of the human person requires rejection of attempts at totalitarian rule
CHAPTER 5:State and Culture
CHAPTER 6:Man is the Way of
the Church
The Church’s purpose is care and responsibility not only for humankind, but also for each individual 53
The option for the poor is not limited to material poverty but encompasses cultural and material poverty as well 57
CHAPTER 6:The Year 1989
What is themain issue raised
by Centesimus Annus
Fall of Communism and theAscendancy of Capitalism:
new manifestations of injustice about the old problem on the dignity of the human
person with regard to work and sphere of economics
MAIN ISSUE
What specific situations show the Ascendancy
of Capitalism
ISSUE: Workers are viewed only as mere elements within the social organism
RESPONSE: Development must be seen in fully human—not merely economic—terms 29
Loss of Affirmation of Human Dignity
ISSUE: Workers are only parts of the mechanism of production
RESPONSE: State must render service towards the development of the human person 29
Loss of Affirmation of Human Dignity
ISSUE: Workers are no different from capital and natural resources
RESPONSE: Worker is primary, work is secondary 13
Loss of Affirmation of Human Dignity
ISSUE: Decisions based solely on profitsRESPONSE: Labor must be prioritized over
capital 35
Priority of Capital over Labor
ISSUE: Only a “Society of Capital Goods” and not a “Society of Persons”
RESPONSE: Human and moral factors are just as vital as profit to the life of a business 35
Priority of Capital over Labor
ISSUE: Private ownership justifies maximum profit
RESPONSE: Encourage a concrete commitment to solidarity and charity as the solution to individualistic mentality 49
Priority of Capital over Labor
ISSUE: Many persons work under unacceptable employment conditions
RESPONSE: Create a legitimate pursuit of personal goals on the part of each individual 40
No Just Wages and Working Conditions
ISSUE: Unemployment and underemployment arise naturally in economies
RESPONSE: Sustain business conditions which ensure job opportunities 47
Underserved Right to Meaningful
Employment
ISSUE: No true measure of an economic system wherein work is rewarded
RESPONSE: Workers must be paid a “just wage” and be given the “rights” to certain benefits. 48
No Just Wages and Working Conditions
ISSUE: Individuals often lack the power to assure proper working conditions
RESPONSE: Secure the exercise of human rights in the economic sector 47
Lack of Right to Join a Union
What other issues does Centesimus
Annus touch on
KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
ISSUE: Lack of means into the world of technology marginalize many people
RESPONSE: Help people acquire expertise and participation in the modern economy 34
Electric city by Black Eyed PeasWe the blast masters, the radiation International coming to your nation
Feel the feel the feel the feel the vibrationWe kill ya kill ya kill ya radio station
Kill em with the sound kill, em kill em with the soundHit em with the frequency
Shoot em with the bass shoot, shoot em with the bassSuper mega frequency
POVERTY
ISSUE: The poor is seen as people without potential—only problems
RESPONSE: Offer poor nations the chance to be involved in the global order 35
If There’s a God in Heaven by Elton John
Torn from their familiesMothers go hungry
To feed their childrenBut children go hungry
There's so many big menThey're out making millions
When poverty's profitsJust blame the children
CONSUMERISM
ISSUE: People are trapped in a web of false and superficial gratifications
RESPONSE: Strive for truth and goodness when determining choices 36
Price Tag by Jessie JIt's not about the money, money, money
We don't need your money, money, money We just wanna make the world dance
Forget about the price tag Ain't about the uh cha-ching, cha-ching Ain't about the yeah ba-bling, ba-bling
Wanna make the world dance Forget about the price tag
ROLE OF MASS MEDIA
ISSUE: Self-awareness and self-worth have been distorted by the media
RESPONSE: Media must foster a sense of general responsibility towards authentic human growth 36
Selling the News by SwitchfootI wanna believe you, I wanna believe
But everything is in-betweenThe fact is fiction, the fact is fiction
I can see your talking heads on the television setOn the Internet they said
The fact is fiction; suspicion is the new religion
ENVIRONMENTAL ABUSE
ISSUE: Man consumes the earth’s resources in an excessive and disordered manner
RESPONSE: Be conscious of obligations towards future generations 37
Heal the World by Michael JacksonHeal The World
Make It A Better PlaceFor You And For Me and The Entire Human Race
There Are People DyingIf You Care Enough for The Living
Make A Better PlaceFor You And For Me
DESTRUCTION OF HUMAN ECOLOGY
ISSUE: Social structures create environments conducive to sin
RESPONSE: Respect the natural and moral structure of being God’s gift to others 38
Money Money Money by AbbaMoney, money, money
Must be funny in the rich man's worldMoney, money, money
Always sunny in the rich man's worldAha-ahaa All the things I could do
If I had a little moneyIt's a rich man's world It's a rich man's world
DIVORCE
ISSUE: Defiance of the sanctity of marriage and proliferation of dysfunctional families
RESPONSE: Protect the family against attacks because it is the sanctuary of life 39
Family Portrait by PinkCan we work it out? Can we be a family?
I promise I'll be betterMommy, I'll do anything
Can we work it out? Can we be a family?
I promise I'll be betterDaddy, please don't leave
FAMILY PLANNING
ISSUE: Mentality of contraceptionRESPONSE: Focus on a mutual, loving and
self-giving relationship as the context for procreation 39
The Pill by Loretta LynnPromised if I`d be your wife
You`d show me the worldBut all I`ve seen of this old world
Is a bed and a doctor billI`m tearing down your brooder house
`Cause now I`ve got the pill
ABORTION
ISSUE: View on children as "things" which people can choose to keep or get rid of
RESPONSE: Every child has the right to develop in the mother’s womb 47
Can I Live by Nick CannonHopefully you'll make the right decision
And don’t go through with the Knife incisionI'll Always Be a part of you
Trust Your Soul Know it's always trueIf I Could Talk I'd Say To You
Can I live Can I live
FAULTY DEMOCRACIES
ISSUE: Weak recognition of rights to life, to work and to family
RESPONSE: Respect subsidiarity, ensure freedom and secure human rights
48
Young Homie by Chris ReneLife’s too short, gotta live it long
To my brothers and sisters When will we get along
Give peace to the war in the streetsGive peace to the evil that creeps, yeah
I just ride, put my hand to the skyLive life like I’m never gon’ die
What is theproposal of Centesimus
Annus
PROPOSALNew Capitalism
Democratic capitalism towards economics and political justiceStrong appreciation of the need to maintain a vibrant and critical interaction between economics, culture, and politics
culture is most important heart of culture is morality heart of morality is religion
What is themain point of Centesimus
Annus
MAIN POINT
Love for others, and especially for the poor, is made concrete by promoting
justice. 58