centerville 8 th grade health. the body's defense against germs and other invaders made up of...
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The Immune SystemCENTERVILLE
8th Grade Health
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Journal:
When we are sick, our bodies respond. Think of a recent time when you were ill. What was wrong? What did you feel like? How did your body react? With this in mind… what do you think the function of the immune system is, and what might happen if it does not work well?
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The body's defense against germs and other invaders
Made up of special cells, proteins, tissues, and organs
What is it?
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First Line◦ Act as barriers to prevent pathogens from
entering body Second Line
◦ Act when tissues are injured or damaged◦ Signs and symptoms letting you know you are
sick Third Line
◦ Act to destroy and remove pathogens
Three Lines of Defense
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Skin Mucus membranes
◦ Tissues that protect the interior surfaces of the body that may be exposed to pathogens
◦ Secrete MUCUS—a sticky fluid that traps pathogens
First Line
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Tears/saliva/sweat◦ Contain lysozome—an enzyme that breaks down
the cell wall of certain pathogens Fever
◦ Chemicals are released, increasing body temp. Gastric juices Pain
Second Line
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Macrophages Lymphocytes Antibodies Lymph Nodes Vaccines
Third Line
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Pac-man like white blood cells (WBCs) Consume and destroy pathogens
Macrophages
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Specialized WBCs Activate the immune response Helper T-cells
◦ Detect the virus and alert the Killer Ts and B-cells Killer T-cells
◦ Release chemicals to destroy pathogens B-cells
◦ Make antibodies
Lymphocytes
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“Lock” into pathogen (antigen) and destroy it
Remain in the blood stream Antibodies at work...
Antibodies
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Trapping stations to destroy infection
Lymph Nodes
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Small or weakened dose of the pathogen (antibodies)
Vaccine
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