cellular mutation
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CELLULAR MUTATION
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MUTATIONSA mutation is: any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA
Sickle cell disease
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Causes of mutations•Mutagens
•X-Rays without protection
•Radiation
•Errors during DNA replication or during crossing over in meiosis
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Types of mutations:
Two types of mutations:
Base substitution: Insertion/Deletion:
The replacement of one base or nucleotide with another, does not always cause a mutation
More serious type of mutation,effects which amino acids are formedduring DNA replication
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Cancer as a type of
mutation
Mutagens, which cause mutations have another formcalled carcinogens which cause cancer
For example: lung cancer.
Tobacco smoke contains over 50 carcinogenswhich can lead to lung (picture), larynx, head, neck, stomach, bladder, kidney, esophagus and pancreas cancer
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However, not all mutations are bad
Camouflage
Color variation
Help in fending off predators
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Images by:
Google images, creative commons
http://willsimpson.org/images/image13.jpg
Information by:
James McLaren. Biology Exploring Life 2005
Wikipedia