Cell Structure, Function Practice TestMonkemeierOctober 16, 2009 AP BiologyChapter 7: Cell Structure and FunctionChapter 7: Cell Structure, Function Practice TestDirections:. When taking the AP exam in May, you will be exposed to 100 multiple choice questions. This is a Practice Test for Chapter 7. Each of the questions were DELIBERATELY chosen due to their unusual high level of difficulty. This test is designed to make you THINK! It is not possible for you to remember EVERY DETAIL of EVERY CHAPTER SO when taking the multiple choice section follow this strategy:READ the QUESTION AND COVER UP THE ANSWERS. THINK ABOUT WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT THE SUBJECT OF THE QUESTION. THEN EXAMINE THE ANSWERS TO SEE WHICH ONE RELATES TO THAT SUBJECT. Test Number 4 on Chapters 7 and 8 will have a balance of questions ranging from simple to difficult and will have a balance between multiple choice and short answer._____1.A team of researchers is writing a grant for a microscope to use in their research on the external structures on the dorsal surface of a spider mite. The specific region on the mite's back seems to be the habitat of an even smaller mite. These mites are extremely tiny and only one microscope with very high magnification can be purchased. Based on the information given, which type of microscope would you suggest?A.transmission electron microscopeB.scanning electron microscopeC.binocular compound light microscopeD.monocular compound light microscopeE.dissecting microscope_____ 2.Nuclear pores apparently permit the passage of onlyA.chromosomes outward.B.glucose molecules outward.C.assembled DNA molecules outward.D.proteins inward and outward, but RNA only outward.E.sodium ions inward, potassium ions outward._____ 3.A cytologist is examining a tissue under an electron microscope. He notices in particular that the endoplasmic reticulum of each cell is extremely rough in appearance and of course knows that the rough appearance is because of the ribosomes embedded there. He is curious about why there are so many ribosomes. You can help. Your response would be,A."This tissue exports lipids and is very involved with mRNA production, which of course is used in protein synthesis."B."This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body."C."This tissue has obviously been exposed to the new protein diet supplements that are so popular these days and has been recruited to make more protein."D."This tissue exports various nucleic acids, hence the large number of ribosomes present on the endoplasmic reticulum in each of those cells."_____ 4.One of the relationships that exists between ribosomes and lysosomes is thatA.ribosomes produce enzymes that could be stored in lysosomes.B.ribosomes produce lipids that could be stored in lysosomes.C.lysosomes are located near ribosomes on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum.D.lysosomes are produced by ribosomes and therefore contain proteins that were synthesized at the ribosomes._____ 5.A cell biologist has developed a new drug that will block the cis face of the Golgi apparatus. If eventually approved by the FDA, she wants to use this new drug to aid cancer patients. What specifically will this drug prevent from happening inside a cancer cell?A.the synthesis of proteins or lipids on the endoplasmic reticulumB.the movement of the lipids and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatusC.the blockage of proteins and lipids on the endoplasmic reticulumD.the prevention of ATP synthesis by blocking pyruvate formation on the trans face of the Golgi apparatus_____ 6.All of the following are considered to be part of the endomembrane system exceptA.mitochondria.B.Golgi apparatus.C.rough endoplasmic reticulum.D.plasma membrane.E.transport vesicles.______ 7.Your research project involves characterizing the expression pattern of a nuclear pore protein. After using immunohistochemistry to fluorescently label the protein, you decide that you would like to capture the data as a 3-D image. Which microscope should you use?A.phase-contrast microscopeB.fluorescence microscopeC.confocal microscopeD.scanning electron microscope______ 8.Alcohol consumption adversely affects the synthesis of molecules involved in the protein degradation, which can eventually lead to liver damage. Given this information, which organelle in liver cells is most directly affected?A.nucleusB.Golgi apparatusC.rough ERD.lysosome______ 9.Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is a very rare disease that is caused by several different mutations in the lamin A gene. If you were to culture cells from patients who have Progeria, what effect might you expect to see over time?A.a decrease in phagocytosisB.a decrease in membrane fluidityC.the nucleus would become misshapenD.the cells would burst______ 10.Given what is known about the minimal essential functions of cellular life, if you could create an artificial cell, which of the following structures must you include?A.cell wallB.ribosomeC.mitochondriaD.nucleus_______ 11.If you were a protein destined to reach the plasma membrane and you were making your way through the Golgi when suddenly Golgi trafficking was blocked at the trans face, what would happen to you?A.You would continue on to the cell surface.B.You would be stuck in the Golgi.C.You would return to the ER via the cis face of the Golgi.D.You would exit the Golgi, but instead be targeted to the cytoplasm._______ 12.A mutation in an integrin protein would likely affect all of the following exceptA.communication between the ECM and cytoskeleton.B.cell-cell adhesion.C.fibronectin binding.D.communication between the nucleus and cytoskeleton._________13.Which of the following associations is unlike the others?A.histonenucleosomeB.cristamitochondriaC.granachloroplastD.lysosomeperoxisomeFor Number 14 the answer has two words. Write your answer on the bottom line provided14.Animal cells excrete glycoproteins outside of the plasma membrane to produce an _________ _________ which is directly linked to the cytoskeleton._____________________________________________15.Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume ratioA.increases.B.decreases.C.stays the same.D.is squared.E.is cubed._____16.The proteins of the plasma membrane are in large part responsible for the cell's ability to interact with its environment. They act as or are involved in all of the following exceptA.channel.B.recognition.C.reception.D.transport.E.packaging DNA.________17.Ribosomes areA.only DNA molecules.B.only RNA molecules.C.single, naked, and circular chromosomes.D.only protein molecules.E.large molecular aggregates of protein and RNA._______18.The eukaryotic organelle that is directly involved in the transport of proteins synthesized on the surface of the rough ER is calledA.mitochondria.B.vacuole.C.cytoskeleton.D.Golgi complex.E.nucleus.________19.In eukaryotes, mitochondria are the organelles primarily involved inA.energy release/capture.B.phospholipid assembly.C.export of enzymes.D.lipid synthesis.E.protein synthesis.________20.Nucleolus of the nucleus is the site ofA.protein synthesis.B.ribosome assembly.C.chromosome replication.D.lipid synthesis.E.uncoiling and unraveling of chromosomes.______21.Chromosomes can be condensed into compact structures, visible with the light microscope, but usually onlyA.after the cell is dead.B.during cell division.C.while the DNA is being copied into RNA.D.while the proteins are being assembled.E.while the nuclear pores are open._______22.Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other organelles besides the nucleus that containA.DNA.B.pores.C.channels.D.plasma membranes.E.pigments.______ 23.The functions of the cytoskeleton include all of the following exceptA.providing the cell shape.B.providing scaffolding for the enzymes in certain areas of the cell.C.organizing the cell's activities.D.providing movement of molecules in the cell.E.ribosome assembly.______ 24.The electron microscope can magnify an object typicallyA.ten times bigger.B.one hundred times bigger.C.one thousand times bigger.D.tens of thousand times bigger.E.hundreds of thousand times bigger.______25.A cell biologist treats a cell so that oxygen cannot diffuse across the membrane. Which organelle will be directly affected?A.mitochondriaB.lysosomeC.nucleusD.ribosomeE.Golgi apparatus________ 26.Which of the following is not visible by use of a light microscope?A.parameciumB.bacteriumC.large virusD.red blood cellE.eukaryotic nucleusCell Structure, Function Practice Test Key1.A team of researchers is writing a grant for a microscope to use in their research on the external structures on the dorsal surface of a spider mite. The specific region on the mite's back seems to be the habitat of an even smaller mite. These mites are extremely tiny and only one microscope with very high magnification can be purchased. Based on the information given, which type of microscope would you suggest?a.transmission electron microscopeB.scanning electron microscopec.binocular compound light microscoped.monocular compound light microscopee.dissecting microscopeDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #512.Nuclear pores apparently permit the passage of onlya.chromosomes outward.b.glucose molecules outward.c.assembled DNA molecules outward.D.proteins inward and outward, but RNA only outward.e.sodium ions inward, potassium ions outward.Difficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #363.A cytologist is examining a tissue under an electron microscope. He notices in particular that the endoplasmic reticulum of each cell is extremely rough in appearance and of course knows that the rough appearance is because of the ribosomes embedded there. He is curious about why there are so many ribosomes. You can help. Your response would be,a."This tissue exports lipids and is very involved with mRNA production, which of course is used in protein synthesis."B."This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body."c."This tissue has obviously been exposed to the new protein diet supplements that are so popular these days and has been recruited to make more protein."d."This tissue exports various nucleic acids, hence the large number of ribosomes present on the endoplasmic reticulum in each of those cells."Difficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #524.One of the relationships that exists between ribosomes and lysosomes is thatA.ribosomes produce enzymes that could be stored in lysosomes.b.ribosomes produce lipids that could be stored in lysosomes.c.lysosomes are located near ribosomes on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum.d.lysosomes are produced by ribosomes and therefore contain proteins that were synthesized at the ribosomes.Difficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #535.A cell biologist has developed a new drug that will block the cis face of the Golgi apparatus. If eventually approved by the FDA, she wants to use this new drug to aid cancer patients. What specifically will this drug prevent from happening inside a cancer cell?a.the synthesis of proteins or lipids on the endoplasmic reticulumB.the movement of the lipids and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatusc.the blockage of proteins and lipids on the endoplasmic reticulumd.the prevention of ATP synthesis by blocking pyruvate formation on the trans face of the Golgi apparatusDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #546.All of the following are considered to be part of the endomembrane system exceptA.mitochondria.b.Golgi apparatus.c.rough endoplasmic reticulum.d.plasma membrane.e.transport vesicles.Difficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #587.Your research project involves characterizing the expression pattern of a nuclear pore protein. After using immunohistochemistry to fluorescently label the protein, you decide that you would like to capture the data as a 3-D image. Which microscope should you use?a.phase-contrast microscopeb.fluorescence microscopeC.confocal microscoped.scanning electron microscopeDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #618.Alcohol consumption adversely affects the synthesis of molecules involved in the protein degradation, which can eventually lead to liver damage. Given this information, which organelle in liver cells is most directly affected?a.nucleusb.Golgi apparatusc.rough ERD.lysosomeDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #639.Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is a very rare disease that is caused by several different mutations in the lamin A gene. If you were to culture cells from patients who have Progeria, what effect might you expect to see over time?a.a decrease in phagocytosisb.a decrease in membrane fluidityC.the nucleus would become misshapend.the cells would burstDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #6510.Given what is known about the minimal essential functions of cellular life, if you could create an artificial cell, which of the following structures must you include?a.cell wallB.ribosomec.mitochondriad.nucleusDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #6611.If you were a protein destined to reach the plasma membrane and you were making your way through the Golgi when suddenly Golgi trafficking was blocked at the trans face, what would happen to you?a.You would continue on to the cell surface.B.You would be stuck in the Golgi.c.You would return to the ER via the cis face of the Golgi.d.You would exit the Golgi, but instead be targeted to the cytoplasm.Difficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #6812.A mutation in an integrin protein would likely affect all of the following excepta.communication between the ECM and cytoskeleton.b.cell-cell adhesion.c.fibronectin binding.D.communication between the nucleus and cytoskeleton.Difficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #6913.Which of the following associations is unlike the others?a.histonenucleosomeb.cristamitochondriac.granachloroplastD.lysosomeperoxisomeDifficulty: DifficultRaven - 004 Chapter... #7214.Animal cells excrete glycoproteins outside of the plasma membrane to produce an _________ _________ which is directly linked to the cytoskeleton.extracellular matrixDifficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #1415.Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume ratioa.increases.B.decreases.c.stays the same.d.is squared.e.is cubed.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #1516.The proteins of the plasma membrane are in large part responsible for the cell's ability to interact with its environment. They act as or are involved in all of the following excepta.channel.b.recognition.c.reception.d.transport.E.packaging DNA.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #1717.Ribosomes area.only DNA molecules.b.only RNA molecules.c.single, naked, and circular chromosomes.d.only protein molecules.E.large molecular aggregates of protein and RNA.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #3218.The eukaryotic organelle that is directly involved in the transport of proteins synthesized on the surface of the rough ER is calleda.mitochondria.b.vacuole.c.cytoskeleton.D.Golgi complex.e.nucleus.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #3319.In eukaryotes, mitochondria are the organelles primarily involved inA.energy release/capture.b.phospholipid assembly.c.export of enzymes.d.lipid synthesis.e.protein synthesis.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #3420.Nucleolus of the nucleus is the site ofa.protein synthesis.B.ribosome assembly.c.chromosome replication.d.lipid synthesis.e.uncoiling and unraveling of chromosomes.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #3721.Chromosomes can be condensed into compact structures, visible with the light microscope, but usually onlya.after the cell is dead.B.during cell division.c.while the DNA is being copied into RNA.d.while the proteins are being assembled.e.while the nuclear pores are open.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #3822.Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other organelles besides the nucleus that containA.DNA.b.pores.c.channels.d.plasma membranes.e.pigments.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #4223.The functions of the cytoskeleton include all of the following excepta.providing the cell shape.b.providing scaffolding for the enzymes in certain areas of the cell.c.organizing the cell's activities.d.providing movement of molecules in the cell.E.ribosome assembly.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #4724.The electron microscope can magnify an object typicallya.ten times bigger.b.one hundred times bigger.c.one thousand times bigger.D.tens of thousand times bigger.e.hundreds of thousand times bigger.Difficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #5025.A cell biologist treats a cell so that oxygen cannot diffuse across the membrane. Which organelle will be directly affected?A.mitochondriab.lysosomec.nucleusd.ribosomee.Golgi apparatusDifficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #5526.Which of the following is not visible by use of a light microscope?a.parameciumb.bacteriumC.large virusd.red blood celle.eukaryotic nucleusDifficulty: ModerateRaven - 004 Chapter... #57