cells 9/24/2014. question how do plant and animal cells differ?

Cells

9/24/2014

Question

How do plant and animal cells differ?

Cells• Cells are the basic building blocks that make up all living

things• They are the smallest part of your body that is

considered alive• A single drop of blood holds MILLIONS of red blood cells• Cells must take in food and get rid of wastes• Cells have parts that move inside them• Most cells get energy through cellular respiration

– Cellular respiration is the taking in of oxygen and food, such as sugar, in order to get energy

Animal Cells• Round (irregular shape)• Cell membrane – surrounds a cell,

holding the parts of the cell together; allows needed materials to enter (sugar, water, & oxygen) and exit (carbon dioxide & waste products) the cell

• Cytoplasm – all the material of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus

• Nucleus – carries instructions for the cell to do its job; contains DNA

• Mitochondria – cell’s power producers; combine oxygen & food to produce energy in the process of cellular respiration

• Vacuoles – act like a stomach, storing and breaking down material

Plant Cells• Rectangular (fixed shape)• Cell membrane – surrounds a cell,

holding the parts of the cell together; allows needed materials to enter (sugar, water, & oxygen) and exit (carbon dioxide & waste products) the cell

• Cytoplasm – all the material of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus

• Nucleus – carries instructions for the cell to do its job; contains DNA

• Mitochondria – cell’s power producers; combine oxygen & food to produce energy in the process of cellular respiration

• Vacuoles – act like a stomach, storing and breaking down material

• Cell wall – tough; surround the cell membrane; give plants extra support and protection

• Chloroplasts – use the energy in sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugar; what give plants their green color

Plant vs. Animal Cells

Plant vs. Animal Cells

Rectangular

Cell Wall

Chloroplasts

Round

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Mitochondria

Vacuoles

Cell Art

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Animal Cell Food - Procedure

• Make the light-colored Jell-O or gelatin, but make it with a bit less water than the instructions call for (this will make the gelatin a little stiffer and will make the cell components stay in place better). The gelatin will represent the cytoplasm of the cell.

• First, heat the water to boiling (use about three-quarters of what is called for in the instructions). Dissolve the gelatin in the hot water and carefully stir it. Carefully add the same amount of cold water.


• Place an open plastic bag (we used 1-gallon Ziploc bags) inside a sturdy container (like a large bowl or pan) - this makes pouring the Jell-O easier. Slowly pour the cooled gelatin into the bag - make sure that there is room in the bag for all the cell components that will be added later. Seal the bag and put it in the refrigerator.


• When the gelatin is almost set (this takes about an hour, but depends on the temperature of your refrigerator), open the bag and start adding the components of the cell.

• Re-seal the plastic bag and refrigerate the gelatin until it is fully set.

• When the gelatin is set, you can examine your 3-D gelatin cell and then eat it.

Animal Cell Food - Components• Cell membrane - the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the

cell. It is represented by the plastic bag.• Cytoplasm - the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the

organelles are located. It is represented by the gelatin.• Mitochondria - spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double

membrane. The cell’s power producer. They are represented by raisins.• Nucleus - spherical body controls many of the functions of the cell (by

controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). It is represented by the lemon.

• Vacuole - fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell. The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell. They are represented by jaw breakers.

Conclusion

What did you learn about cells today?

ACTAAP

cells 9/24/2014. question how do plant and animal cells differ?

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