cell no : 98651 30130 · pdf file இவை புத்தகmாக உள்ளது....

www.arivukadal.com இவை புத்தகமாக உள்ளது. Cell No : 98651 30130

1. “rPkhq; jpl;lk;” vd;why; vd;d? kfg;NgW jha;-Nra; eyj;jpl;lk; (kJiu muR kUj;Jt kid) 2. khw;Wj; jpwdhspfSf;fhd Ml;Nlhit tbtikj;j cjtpg;

Nguhrpupah; ahh;? fkyf; fz;zd; 3. “iel; `Pl;” tpUJ gpupl;ldpd; kpf cah;e;j tpUJ “iel; `{l;”

Gj;jhz;L fTut tpUij ngw;wth; ahh;? ntq;fl;uhkd; ,uhkfpU\;zd; (58) Fwpg;G: 2009 Ntjpapay; gpuptpy; “%yf;$W capupaypy;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f Nrit nra;jjhy; Nehgy; gupR ngw;wth;. ,th; gpupl;ldpd; Nfk;gpupl;[; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; cah; gjtpapy; cs;shh; (iel; `{l;) gl;lj;jpw;F Kd; rh; gl;lk; Nrh;f;fg;gl;L miof;fg;gLthh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.

4. “iel; `Pl;” tpUJ ngw;w NtW ehl;bdh; ahh;? ahh;? 1. Mz;lh; n[a;k; (gpupl;ld;) 2. fhd;];lhd;bd; NehNth]; nyt; 5. 01.01.2012 - 07.01.2012 tiu vj;jpdkhf nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ? rhiyg; ghJfhg;G thuk; 1. ve;j khepy Kjy;th; mYtyfj;jpw;F I.v];.X. 9001:2008 vd;w

rhd;wpjo; toq;fg;gl;lJ? F[uhj;> Kjy;th; eNue;jpu Nkhb 2. I.v];.X.Kj;jpiu toq;fpa mikg;gpd; ngah; vd;d? ntupj;jh]; gPNuh

Fwpg;G: Kjd;Kjypy; 2009Mk; Mz;by; toq;fg;gl;lJ. ,J ,uz;lhtJ Kiw.

3. Gjpa mdy; kpd; epiyak; vq;F mikf;fg;gLtjhf jkpof muR cj;jutpl;Ls;sJ?

vz;Z}upy; 4. ,e;jpa mwptpay; fhq;fpu]; khehL vq;F eilngw;wJ? xbrh jiyefh; GtNdRtuj;jpy; ,J 99tJ ,e;jpa mwptpay;

fhq;fpu]; khehL MFk;.


5. ,e;jpa mwptpay; fhq;fpu]; khehl;bd; fUg;nghUs; vd;d? mwptpay; njhopy;El;gKk;> ngz;fspd; gq;Fk;. 6. If;fpa ehLfs; rigapy; ghJfhg;Gf; FOtpy; ghfp];jhd;

epue;juk; my;yhj cWg;gpduhf ve;j ehs; Nrh;e;jJ? 1-1-2012 1. <uhd; tpz;zpy; cs;s ,yf;ifj; jhf;Fk; VTfiz xd;W

Vtg;gl;lJ> me;j ,uz;L VTfizapd; ngah; vd;d? 1. fhjh; (200 fp.kP. J}uk; tiu $l nry;yf;$baJ). 2. ehrh; (35 fp.kP. J}uk; tiu nry;yf; $baJ). 1. jLg;G+rp jpl;lj;Jf;fhf ikf;Nuhrhg;l; epWtdh; gpy;Nfl;];

mwf;fl;lis ahUf;F tpUJ toq;fpaJ? gPfhh; Kjy;th; epjp\;Fkhh; Fwpg;G: 1NfhbNa 30 yl;rk; gupR 2. ve;j khtl;lj;jpy; epA+l;upNdh mZ Jfs; Ma;T ikak;

mikf;fg;gLk; vd;W ,e;jpa gpujkh; kd;Nkhfd; rpq; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;?

Njdp khtl;lk; (nghl;bGuk;) Fwpg;G: 1>350 3. ehl;bd; mf;dp VTfiz jpl;lj;jpy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ngz;zpd;

ngah; vd;d? nl];fp jhk]; (Nfush) 4. rhe;jp ];tUg; gl;ehfh; tpUjpid nrd;w Mz;L vj;jid ngz;

tpQ;Qhdpfs; ngw;wjhf gpujkh; mwptpj;jhh;? 11 ngz;fs;. 5. rkPgj;jpy; gRtij rl;lj;jpw;F FbauRj; jiyth; xg;Gjy;

mspj;jhh;. ve;j khepyj;jpw;F? kj;jpa gpuNjrk; Fwpg;G: gRit Jd;GWj;JNthUf;F 3 Mz;L rpiwAk; 5 Mapuk;

mguhjKk; ,g;NghJ 7 Mz;L rpiw vd;gij rl;l jpUj;jj;jpy; cs;sJ. xg;Gjy; mspj;j ehs;: 22-12-2011

6. 99tJ ,e;jpa mwptpay; khehL ve;j khepyj;jpy;> ve;j gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; ele;jJ?

xbrh khepyk;> GtNd];tuj;jpy; cs;s fypq;fh njhopy;El;gg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy;.

7. tq;f Njrj; jiyefh; lhf;fhtpy; mz;ikapy; eilngw;w njd; kj;jpa Mrpa [pk;dh];bf; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpahtpd; 4 jq;fk; ntd;wth; ahh;?


M\{\; Fkhh; Fwpg;G: ,e;jpa [pk;dh];bf; $l;;likg;G ntspapl;l mwpf;ifapy;

,j; jfty; cs;sJ. 1. kfhj;kh fhe;jp mikjp tpUJ ngw;wth; ahh;? tpUJ toq;fpa

mikg;G vJ? jpngj;jpa Gj;j kjj; jiyth; jyha; yhkhTf;F> toq;fpa

mikg;G: njd; Mg;gpupf;fhtpy; ,aq;fptUk; fhe;jp tsh;r;rp bu];l; toq;fpaJ.

2. jq;f eiffSf;F ve;j rhd;W fl;lhak; vd;W kj;jpa muR KbT nra;Js;sJ?

`hy;khh;f; (,e;jpa ju Mizak;) (gp.I.v];)

3. ntspehLfspy; gzpahw;Wk; ,e;jpaj; njhopyhsh;fSf;F Njrpa Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;jpw;F kj;jpa muR vt;thW ngah; #l;bAs;sJ?

iyl; 4. ,uapy; gazpfspd; mtru cjtpf;fhf ve;j vz;iz

gad;gLj;jyhk; vd;W ,uapy;Nt mikr;rfk; KbntLj;Js;sJ? 135 5. rPdhtpw;fhd ,e;jpa J}juf mjpfhupfs; ahh;? ahh;? jPgf; uN`[h> \pahk; Re;jh; mfh;thy; Fwpg;G: rPdj;J}jh; \hq; ahd;L 6. rPdhtpy; ,T efupy; ,e;jpa J}jufj;jpy; mjpfhupahf cs;s

ahh; jhf;fg;gl;lhh;? ghyre;jpud; 7. Nguplh; ghjpj;j gFjpahf fth;dh; Nuhra;ah vg;gFjpia

mwptpj;jhh;? GJr;Nrup Fwpg;G: ep\h Gay; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gFjp ,Jtiu nkhj;jk;

%d;W Kiw Nguplh; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gFjp vd;W mwptpj;Js;shh;fs;.

1. epA+l;upNdh Ma;Tf; $lj;jpw;F jkpofj;jpy; xJf;fg;gl;l Ch;

vJ? Njdp khtl;lk;> Njthuk; mUNf cs;s nghl;bg;Guk; (66 Vf;fh;

24 nrd;l;)


2. ,e;jpahtpy; nkhj;jk; vj;jid mZ Muha;r;rp fofq;fs; cs;sd?

27 3. = ehuhaz tpUJ 2011 ahh; ngw;wJ? Nf.N[.N[Rjh]; 4. “jkpoh;fspd; fdT jpl;lk;” vd;W ve;j jpl;lj;ij 2005,y;

gpujkh; kd;Nkhfd; rpq; mg;Nghija Kjy;th; fiyQh; $wpdhh;? NrJ rKj;jpuj; jpl;lk; 5. “cyf rk];fpUj khehL” vq;F eilngw;wJ? jpy;yp> 15tJ khehL> 1. jkpofk; KOtJk; gy;NtW gFjpfspy; jfty; njhopy;El;gg;

G+q;fhf;fs; mikf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. jkpof muR ngah; khw;wk; nra;Js;sJ Gjpa ngah; vd;d?

vy;Nfhnr]; 2. V.I.gp.v];. /Ngh; g;Nsh tpUJ ngw;w ,e;jpa fpupf;nfl; tPuh;

ahh;? Njhdp (Neh;ikahfTk;> CoYf;F Jiz Nghfhky; ,Ug;gjw;F) 3. V.I.gp.v];. vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; vd;d? ,d;lh;Ne\dy; ];Nghh;l;]; gpu]; mNrhrpNa\d; 1. ,uhf;nfl; gad;gLj;Jtjpy; ,e;jpah vj;jidahtJ ,lj;jpy;

cs;sJ vd;W tpQ;Qhdp mDka;ah njuptpj;jhh;? 5 ,lj;jpy; 2. mnkupf;fhtpy; vj;jid rjtpfpjg;Ngh; Ntiyapd;wp ,Ug;gjhf

xghkh $wpAs;shh;? 8.5% 3. mfpy ,e;jpa ngz; tf;fPy;fs; $l;likg;gpd; 2 ehs; Njrpa

khehL nrd;idapy; eilngw;wJ. me;j khehl;by; Kjy; ngz; tf;fPy; vd;W ve;j ngz;kzpia Fwpg;gpl;lhh;fs;?

nfhh;Ndypah nrhuhg;[p (1921) 4. ghypay; njhe;juTfis jLg;gjw;fhd fz;fhzpg;G fkpl;bf;F

ngah; vd;d? tprhfh 1. jw;NghJ jhNd Gay; GJr;Nrupapy; ghjpg;ig cUthf;fpaJ.

,jw;F Kd; te;j Gay;fs;:


[y;> iyyh 2. Gaypw;F ahh; ngah; itf;fpwhh;fs;? cyf thdpiy mikg;G (World Metrological Organization) 3. ,e;j mikg;gpy; cWg;gpduhf cs;s ehLfs;; vit? ,e;jpah> tq;fNjrk;> kpahd;kh;> khyj;jPT> Xkd;> ghfp];jhd;>

jha;yhe;J> ,yq;if Mfpa 8 ehLfs;.

ve;j ve;j Gaypw;F vd;d vd;d ngah; itj;jhh;fs;?

Gay; ngah; ngah; itj;j ehL

1. xd;dp> ep\h tq;fNjrk; 2. Mfh\;> gp[;yp ,e;jpah 3. NfhD> mayh khyj;jPT 4. Vkpd;> gah; kpahd;kh; 5. rplh;> thh;j; Xkd; 6. eh;fP];> iyyh ghfp];jhd; 7. uh\;kp> ge;J ,yq;if 8. ifKf; jha;yhe;J mLj;J tuf;$ba Gaypd; ngah; Xkd; Kh;[hd;

1. mdy; kpd; epiyak; Nkl;^h; mdy; kpd; epiyak; 25 Mz;Lfshfpa epiyapy; nts;sp tpoh nfhz;lhlg;gl;lJ. ,J 1987,y; kpd; cw;gj;jp

Jtq;fpaJ. 1987,y;; Kjy;th; M.G.R.mth;fs; Kjy; A+dpl;by;

kpd; cw;gj;jpia Jtf;fp itj;jhh;. ,q;F 4 A+dpl;Lfs; cs;sd. xU a+dpl;by; 210 nkfhthl; tPjk; 840 nkfhthl; kpd; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

2. “efh;g;Gw tho;thjhu jpl;lk;” kj;jpa muR vt;tsT njhif xJf;fg;gl;ljhf mwptpj;jJ?

20 Mapuk; Nfhb Fwpg;G: 12tJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;lj;jpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl

cs;sJ. 3. ve;j Mz;L Kjy; xUq;fpize;j “[Tspg; G+q;fhj; jpl;lk;”

nray;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ? 2005


Fwpg;G: jpl;lj; njhifapy; xd;gJ Nfhb &gha;f;F kpfhky; khdpak; toq;f jkpof Kjy;th; n[ayypjh cj;jutpl;Ls;shh;.

4. Mjhh; milahs ml;il Mizaj;jpd; jiytuhf epakpf;fg; gl;lth; ahh;?

ee;jd; epyNfdp Fwpg;G: ,d;Nghrp]; epWtdj;jpd; eph;thfpahf ,Ue;jth;. 1. “jhNd Gay;” ghjpg;Gf;F ,ilf;fhy epthuzkhf vt;tsT

njhif kj;jpa muR toq;fpAs;sJ? jkpo;ehl;bw;F &. 500 NfhbAk;> GJr;Nrupf;F 125 NfhbAk;. 2. vj;jid Nfhbapy; “gapW mjprak; jpl;lk;” njhlq;f jkpof

muR cj;jutpl;Ls;sJ? 212.5 Nfhb Fwpg;G: ,jd; Nehf;fk; Ntshz;ikapd; mjpf cw;gj;jpia

cz;lhf;FtJ. 3. “xUq;fpize;j njhopy; efupak;” ve;j ,U ehl;bd; $l;L

xg;ge;jkhFk;? rpq;fg;G+h; ehl;ilr; Nrh;e;j mnrd;lh]; epWtdKk; [g;ghd; ehl;ilr; Nrh;e;j ,uz;L FO epWtdq;fSk; ,ize;J nrd;idf;F mUNf gioa kfhgypGuk; rhiyapy; &.3500 Nfhb KjyPl;by; 1500 Vf;fh; gug;gstpy; mika cs;sJ.

1. jkpofj;jpy; ve;j ,U ,lq;fspy; mdy; kpd; epiyaq;fs; mika cs;sjhf kj;jpa muR mwptpj;jJ?

nea;Ntyp> J}j;Jf;Fb Fwpg;G: nea;Ntypapy; 2>453.57 Nfhbapy;> 500 nkfhthl;

cw;gj;jpj; jpwDld;> ,uz;lhtJ b.gp.v]; (J}j;Jf;Fb epyf;fup rhh;e;j mdy; kpd; epiyak; 2015,y; gzpfs; KbtilAk;.

2. fpd;d]; rhjidf;fhf #upa ek];fhuk; nra;j khepyk; vJ? kj;jpag; gpuNjrk; (48 ,yl;rk; Ngh; fye;J nfhz;ldh;) 3. ve;j ehl;bw;F ,e;jpa kj;jpa muR njhiyj;njhlh;G

Nfgps;fis mikf;f 520 Nfhb ,e;jpah fld; toq;fpaJ? Nkw;F Mg;gpupf;f ehlhd khyp 4. 1984-,y; rdtup 12-Mk; ehis ahUila gpwe;j ehis “Njrpa

,isQh; jpdkhf” ,e;jpa muR mq;fPfupj;jJ? Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh; Fwpg;G: ,J 150 Mz;L tpoh


1. ,e;j Mz;bd; jkpof murpd; tpUJfs; ngw;wth;fs; gl;bay;:- ngaH tpUJfs; 1. GytH nr.tujuhrd; jpUts;StH tpUJ 2. tprhyhl;rp neLQ;nropad; je;ij ngupahH 3. NguhrpupaH m. fhspag;gd; mz;zy; mk;Ngj;fhH 4. ,uh.nropad; NguwpQH mz;zh 5. jpz;btdk; Nf.,uhk%Hj;jp ngUe;jiytH fhkuhrH 6. KidtH ,uh.gpNukh kfhftp ghujpahH 7. ftpQH VHthb R.,uhjhfpU\;zd; ghNte;jH ghujpjhrd; 8. NguhrpupaH eh.n[ag;gpufhR jkpo;j; njd;wy; jpU.tp.f. 9. NguhrpupaH ,uh.Nkhfd; Kj;jkpo;f; fhtyH fp.M.ng.tpRtehjd; Fwpg;G: 1 ,yl;rk; &ghAk; 1 rtud; jq;fg; gjf;fKk;

rhd;wpjOk; 16.01.2012 md;W nrd;id mUq;fhl;rpaf tshf muq;fpy; toq;fg;gl;lJ.

1. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; “tpisahl;Lg; gy;fiyf;fofk;” &. 2000

Nfhb nrytpy; ve;j khepyj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl cs;sjhf eLtzuR mwptpj;jJ?

Ijuhghj; 2. ve;j jdpahh; mikg;Gk; ve;j khepy muRf;Fk; ,ilNa ,J

njhlh;ghd xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;jhfpAs;sJ? (Kjy; tpisahl;Lg; gy;fiyf; fofk;) a\; gph;yh F&g;Gf;Fk;> Me;jpu khepy muRf;Fk; ,ilNa ,J

njhlh;ghd xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;jhfpAs;sJ. 3. khepy mwepiyaj;Jiw rhh;gpy; Nfhtpy; ahidfSf;fhd

rpwg;G ey tho;T Kfhk; vj;jid ehl;fs; eilngw;wJ. gq;F ngw;w ahidfspd; vz;zpf;if vj;jid?

48 ehl;fs;> 37 ahidfs;. 4. `hy;khh;f; ju $l;likg;G ehLfspy; cWg;gpdh; ehLfs;

vj;jid? mit ahit? 10 ehLfs;. M];jpNuypah> nld; khh;f;> mah;yhe;J> ehh;Nt>

];tPld;> nrf; FbauR> gpd;yhe;J> nejh;yhe;J> Nghh;r;Rfy;> ];tpl;rh;yhe;J.

5. ,e;jpahtpy; “`hy;khh;f; Kj;jpiu” ve;j Mz;L mwpKfkhdJ? 2000,y;


6. “24 Nful; eiffs;” ve;j Mz;L mwpKfkhapd? 1999 7. “`hy; khh;f;” ju Kj;jpiuf;fhd $lk; ,g;NghJ vq;F

nray;gLfpwJ? ,yz;ldpy; cs;s gh;kpq;`hk; muz;kidapy; ,aq;FfpwJ. 8. kp]; mnkupf;f mofpg; Nghl;b vq;F eilngw;wJ. mjpy; rpwe;j

mofpahf ahiu Njh;T nra;jhh;fs;? tp];Nfhd;rpd; Y}uh> fa;g;ngy;yh; 9. ̀ hy;khh;f; Kj;jpiuia mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; ahh;? ve;j Mz;L? 1300 vl;th;l; kd;dd; Fwpg;G: ,th; jhd; Kjd;Kjypy; jdpr; rl;lKk; ,aw;wpdhh;. 1. kPd;gpbj; njhopy; - ghf; ePupiz> kd;dhh; tisFlh Mfpa

fly; gFjpapy; kPd; gpbg;Gf;F ve;j ,U ehl;bw;F ,ilNa xg;ge;jk; Vw;gl;lJ?

,e;jpah> ,yq;if 2. efh;g;Gw tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lj;jpw;F jkpof muR xJf;fPL nra;j

kjpg;gPl;Lj; njhif vt;tsT? 6>654.03 Nfhb 3. “nkhop QhapW NjtNeag;ghthzupd;” vj;jidahtJ epidT

jpdk; nfhz;lhlg;gl;lJ? 31tJ. 4. nrd;id Nrg;ghf;fk; flw;fiu rhiyapy; cs;s vopyfk; muR

mYtyff; fl;llj;jpy; jP tpgj;jpy; ,we;j jPaizg;G tPuh; ahh;? md;gofd; (55 taJ) 5. njd; Mg;gpupf;f jkpo; $l;likg;gpd; Kjy; ngz; jiyth; ahh;? G+kzp ehAL Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. 6. Ntshz;-njhopy; rh;tNjr khehL vq;F vg;NghJ epfo cs;sJ? jpy;yp> gpg;utup 6 Kjy; 8 tiu (6.2.2012 Kjy; 8.2.2012) 7. Ntshz; Muha;r;rpf;fhd ,e;jpaf; fTd;rpy; FwpaPL vd;d? I.rp.V.Mh;. 8. gaph; Muha;r;rp nra;tjw;fhd rh;tNjrf; fofk; FwpaPL vd;d? ,f;uprhl; 9. Njrpa mstpy; Ntshz;ikf;fhd GJ jpl;lq;fis milahsk;

fhZk; mikg;G vJ? vd;.V.I.gp.


10. Njh`htpy; eilngw;w Mrpa Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpahtpy; ve;j ngz;kdp jq;fg;gjf;fk; ngw;whh;?

,uh[;Fkhup 11. Fbirfsw;w efuq;fis 2017Mk; Mz;Lf;Fs; cUthf;f

kj;jpa muR ve;j jpl;lj;ij cUthf;fpAs;sJ? ,uh[Pt; tPl;L trjp jpl;lk;. 1. Kjy; ngz; ehj];tuf; fiyQh; ahh;? vk;.v];. nghd;Dj;jha; Fwpg;G: 17.01.2012 fhykhdhh;. taJ 87 2. vk;.v];. nghd;Dj;jha; ngw;w gl;lq;fs; ahit? fiykhkzp> Kj;jkpo; NguwpQh;> ehffhd uj;dh> ehffhd murp>

ehf];tu tpj;thk;]pdp> vopy; ehj ,irkhkzp> fiyKJkzp> = uj;dh

3. ,e;jpahtpy; Kjd; Kjypy; epy eLf;fj;ij jhq;Fk; gs;spf; fl;llk; ve;j khepyj;jpy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ?

F[uhj; khepyj;jpy; cs;s kQ;rs;G+h; efupy; 4. mnkupf;f efu Nkauhf Njh;e;njLf;fg; gl;l ,e;jpah; ahh;? rPf;fpah; rj;Nae;jpu rpq; `{[h Fwpg;G: ,e;jpahtpd; cj;jufz;l; khepyk; 5. ,e;jpah-rPdh vy;iyapy; vij fhf;f Gjpa xg;ge;jk;

ifnaOj;jhdJ? mikjp 6. ,e;jpa ,uhZt jpdj;ijnahl;b “Nrdh tpUJ” ngw;w jkpof

tPuh;fs; vj;jid Ngh;? mth;fs; ahh;? mJy; fhh;[p kw;Wk; ghDre;jh; jpUtz;zhkiy khtl;lk; fOF Nkl;ilr; Nrh;e;j rpg;gha;

gd;dPh; nry;tk; uhN[e;jpud;> uhNf\; Fkhh; Fg;jh> rpwpA+h; ehfypq;fk; gQ;rth;zk;

Fwpg;G: toq;fpath; ,e;jpa ,uhZt jsgjp V.Nf.rpq;. 7. ,e;jpa ,uhZt jpdj;jpy; nkhj;jk; vj;jid tpUJfs;

toq;fg;gl;lJ? 63 Fwpg;G: A+j; Nrth> Nrth> tprp\;l Nrth tpUJfs;

toq;fg;gl;lJ.


1. 2011Mk; Mz;bd; tPujPur; nraYf;fhd Njrpa tpUJ ngw;w rpWtd; ahh;?

jUkGup khtl;lj;ij rhh;e;j [p.guNk];tud; Fwpg;G: jUkGup mUNf ehftjp mizapy; ePupy; %o;fpa 3

Foe;ijfisf; fhg;ghw;wpajw;fhf guNk];tuDf;F ,e;j tpUJ toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2. “ghuj; tpUJ” ngw;w 15taJ rpWtd; ahh;? fgpy; rpq;F Fwpg;G: kiof; fhyj;jpy; jpBnud Vw;gl;l nts;sg; ngUf;fpd;

NghJ jd;Dld; gs;spapy; gbf;Fk; ,s taJf; Foe;ijfisf; fhg;ghw;Wk; NghJ caph; ePj;j rpWtd; (cj;jufz;l; khepyk;)

3. va;l;]; tpopg;Gzh;T gpurhu irf;fps; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;s xbrh jk;gjpapdh; ngah; vd;d?

xbrh khepyk; re;jpuhGuk; khtl;lj;ijr; Nrh;e;jth; yl;Rkpfhe;j; ikjp (48) mtuJ kidtp kNdhukh ikjp (41)

ikjp (41) 4. “Mh;.I.Nrl;-1” nraw;iff; Nfhs; khh;r;rpy; tpz;zpy; Vtg;gLk;

vd;W ,];Nuh jiyth; ,uhjhfpU\;zd; $wpdhh;. me;j nraw;iff; Nfhspd; gzp vd;d?

tptrhaj;jpw;F Vw;w rPNjh\;z epiyfis glk; vLg;gNjhL kl;Lky;yhky; ehl;bd; vy;iyg; Gwq;fisAk; glk; vLf;fTk; gaq;futhjpfs; CLUty; Nghd;wtw;iwAk; jLf;f KbAk;.

1. ghk;gd; ,uapy; ghyj;jpd; vj;jidahtJ Mz;L tpoh

nfhz;lhlg;gLk; vd;W njw;F ,uapy;Nt nghJNkyhsh; jPgf; fpU\d; njuptpj;jhh;?

100tJ Mz;L 2. I.eh.rigapd; rhh;gpy; Nghijg;nghUs; jLg;G Fwpj;j gpurhu

,af;f J}juhf ve;j fpupf;nfl; tPuiu epakpj;jhh;fs;? mg;upb (ghfp];jhd;) 1. Njh`htpy; eilngWk; Mrpa Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; Nghl;bapy;

jq;fk; ntd;w ,e;jpa tPuh; ahh;? tp[a;Fkhh; 2. mnkupf;fh> ,e;jpa ,uhZtj;jplk; xg;gilf;f tpUk;gpa

tpkhdj;jpd; ngah; vd;d?


vg; - 35 1. jpUf;Fws; Njrpa E}y; khehL [dtup 25Mk; ehs; ve;j

,lj;jpy; elf;f cs;sjhf jiyefh; jkpo;r; rq;fk; jiyth; F.nts;isr;rhkp mwptpj;jhh;?

tz;lY}upy; cs;s jiyefh; jkpo;r;rq;f tshfj;jpy;. 2. “gNah nkl;upf; ];khh;l; fhh;L” %ykhf Xa;T+jpak; toq;Fk;

jpl;lj;ij Kjd;Kjypy; nray;gLj;jpa khtl;lq;fs; vit? flY}h; khtl;lk; fhl;L kd;dhh; Nfhtpy;> jpUr;rp khtl;lk;

kzg;ghiw> fd;dpahFkhp khtl;lk; Njhthis (nrg;lk;gh; Kjy; nray;gl;L tUfpd;wJ)

3. 2013-Mk; Mz;LfSf;Fs; ve;j %d;W nkhopfspYk; fy;tp mspf;Fk; jpl;lj;ij Kd;dhs; FbauRj; jiyth; mg;Jy; fyhk; mth;fs; ,yq;ifapy; njhlq;fp itj;jhh;?

rpq;fsk;> Mq;fpyk;> jkpo; Fwpg;G: mjpgh; uh[gl;rtpd; fdTj; jpl;lkhFk;. 4. Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; 2 ,e;jpah;fs; xypk;gpf; Nghl;bf;Fj;

jFjpahdth; ahh;? ahh;? buhg; gpuptpy;> khdt;[pj; 5. “nrapy;” jpl;lk; vJ njhlh;GilaJ? ,e;jpa cUf;F Mizak; 6. ,e;jpahtpy; efh;g;Gw kf;fs; njhifapy; 9.3% ngw;W jkpofk;

vj;jidahtJ ,lj;jpy; cs;sJ? %d;whtJ ,lj;jpy;. 7. ,e;jpaf; fhw;whiy rq;fk;> “rh;tNjr fhw;whiy khehL” ve;j

khtl;lj;jpy; elj;jg; Nghtjhf mwptpj;jdh;? Nfhit Fwpg;G: nfhbrpah njhopy; fhl;rp tshfj;jpy; 8. ve;j khtl;l Ml;rpah; jdJ $l;l muq;fpw;F “ngd;dpFf;”

vd;W ngah; #l;bdhh;? c.rfhak; (kJiu) 9. ,e;jpahtpw;F kpf Ntz;lg;gl;l ehL me;j];J toq;f xU

Mz;L Njit vd;W $wpa ehL vJ? ghfp];jhd; Fwpg;G: (1996 ghfp];jhDf;F ,e;j me;j];ij

,e;jpah toq;fp tpl;lJ)


1. cyf nghUshjhu mikg;gpd; Mz;L khehL ve;j ehl;by; eilngw cs;sJ?

Rtpl;rh;yhe;J ehl;by; cs;s lhNth]; efupy; 2. ,e;j khehl;ilnahl;b eilngWk; Kf;fpa ehLfspd; th;j;jf

ke;jpupfs; $l;lj;jpy; gq;Nfw;Fk; Mde;j; rh;kh Ngrpa jiyg;G vd;d?

Njh`hTf;Fg; gpd;G cyf th;j;jfj;jpd; tUq;fhyk; 3. fy;ghf;fj;jpy; mikf;fg;gLk; Gjpa mZ ciyapy; 2015-,y;

kpd; cw;gj;jp njhlq;Fk; vd;W mwptpj;jth; ahh;? ,e;jpuh fhe;jp mZ Muha;r;rp ikaj;jpd; ,af;Feh;

v];.rp.Nrj;jy; njuptpj;J cs;shh;. 4. “A+j; mgpah];” vd;why; vd;d? ,e;jpahtpy; elf;Fk; ,e;jpa mnkupf;f ,uhZt tPuh;fSf;fhd

gapw;rp. Fwpg;G: ,e;jg; gapw;rp ,uh[];jhdpy; cs;s kfh[d; ,uhZt

gapw;rp ikaj;jpy; tUk; khh;r; khjk; njhlq;f cs;sJ. 1. ehl;bd; ghJfhg;ig gyg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;fpy; mZ MAjq;fis

Ve;jpr; nry;Yk;______ fg;gy; ,u\;ah ,e;jpahtplk; xg;gilj;jJ.

K 152 2. ePH;%o;fpg; Nghh;f;fg;giy ,u\;ahtplk; ,Ue;J ,e;jpah vt;tsT

gzj;jpw;F thq;fpaJ? 4>500 Nfhb (10Mz;Lfs; xg;ge;jk;) 3. ,e;j fg;gypw;F vd;d ngaiu #l;bAs;sJ? I.vd;.v];.rf;uh 4. ,e;jf; fg;giy ,e;jpah thq;fpajhy; mZ MAjq;fis Ve;jpr;

nrd;W jhf;fty;y fg;gy;fis itj;Js;s ehLfs; gl;baypy; ,e;jpah vj;jid ahtJ ,lj;jpy; cs;sJ?

6tJ ,lk; 5. “jq;f kapy; tpUJ” ngw;w tq;fp vJ? ,e;jpad; tq;fp Fwpg;G: kfsph; Ra cjtpf; FOf;fspd; Nkk;ghl;Lf;F gy;NtW

rpwg;Gj; jpl;lq;fis mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. 6. U\;bapd; rh;r;irf;Fupa jil nra;ag;gl;l E}y; vJ?


rhj;jhdpd; ftpijfs; 7. ve;jg; Gj;jfj;jpy; ,Ue;J “Guh” vd;w mikg;Gk; jpl;lj;ijAk;

mg;Jy; fyhk; gupe;Jiuj;Js;shh;? lhh;nfl; 3 gpy;ypad; 8. “PURA” vd;gjd; tpupthf;fk; vd;d? Providing Urban facilities to Rural Areas 1. Rthkp tpNtfhde;jh; ngah; ve;j tpkhd epiyaj;jpw;F

#l;bAs;sJ eLtzuR? rj;jP];fh; jiyefh; ,uha;g;G+h; tpkhd epiyaj;jpw;F 2. “njhw;wh Neha;” jpl;lk; gpg;utup khjk; Kjy; jkpof muR

nray;gLj;j cs;sJ? ve;j Neha;njhw;wh Neha; vd;gJ vit? rh;f;fiu Neha;> cah; ,uj;j mOj;j Neha;> khh;gfg; Gw;W Neha;. 1. 63 tJ FbauR jpdk; gj;kG+\z; tpUJ ngw;wth;fs;: 1. vk;.v];.Nfhghy fpU\;zd; taypd; 2. b.tp.Nfhghy fpU\;zd; tha;g;ghL 3. Rg;igah KUfg;gh nts;isad; njhopyjpgh; gj;k= tpUJ: ePupopTNeha; kUj;Jth; tp];tehjd; Nkhfd; lhf;lh;

tp.v];.eluh[Df;F gj;k tpG+\z; tpUJ: Nfhth khepyk; fhh;l;^dp];l; kiwe;j kupNah b kpuhz;lh.

Kd;dhs; MSeh; b.tp.uhN[];tu; nkhj;jk;: gj;k tpG+\z; = 109 gj;k G+\z; = 27 gj;k = = 77 2. tPujPu nraYf;fhf toq;fg;gLk; kpf caupa tpUjhd “mNrhf

rf;uh” tpUJ ngw;wth; ahh;? ,uhZt nyg;bdd;l; et;jPg; rpq;


Fwpg;G: kuzj;Jf;Fg; gpd; ,e;j tpUJ toq;fg;gLfpwJ. ,tUila je;ij ngWfpwhh;. ,th; gzpNaw;W 5 khjj;jpy; caph; ePj;jth;.

3. 2011-12Mk; epjpahz;by; tzpf tup t#y; vt;tsT vd;W mikr;rh; rp.tp. rz;Kfk; njuptpj;jhh;?

28>299.56 Nfhb Fwpg;G: ,J 9 khj t#y; 4. ,e;jpa kfsph; fpupf;nfl; mzp Nfg;ld; gj;k= tpUJ ngw;wth;

ahh;? [Pyd; Nfh];thkp Fwpg;G: `hf;fp - [hgh; ,f;ghy; tpy;tpj;ij - ypk;gh uhk; 5. “fPh;j;jp rf;uh” tpUJ ngw;wth; ahh;? 1. fky; jPg; rpq;> Nfg;ld; 2. mRNjh\; Fkhh; 6. “rTupa rf;uh” tpUJ vj;jid Ngh; ngw;wdh;? 9 Ngh; 7. “guk tprp\;l;” tpUJ ngw;wth; ahh;? Mh;.Nf.rhkp 8. “jgp” ehLfs; (TAPI) vit? vit? Jh;f;nkdp];jhd; - Mg;fd;> ghfp];jhd; - ,e;jpah Fwpg;G: vupthA Foha; jpl;lk; 1. Kjd;Kiwahf ve;j ngz; tpkhdp FbauR jpd tpohtpy;

mzptFg;gpy; jiyikNaw;whh;? ];Nefh n`fhtj; Fwpg;G: nly;yp mUfpy; `pz;ld; tpkhdg;gil jsj;jpy;

gzpGupe;J tUfpwhh;. 2. ,e;jpa FbauR jpd tpohtpy; ve;j ehl;Lg; ngz; gpujkh; rpwg;G

tpUe;jpduhff; fye;J nfhz;lhh;? aq;yf; \pdhtj;uh (jha;yhe;J) 3. ngz; tpQ;QhdpfSf;fhd “jkpo;ehL tho;ehs; rhjidahsh;

tpUJ” ngw;wth; ahh;? fq;fh ,uhjhfpU\;zd; Fwpg;G: mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopy; Muha;r;rp fTd;rpiy

(rp.v];.I.Mh;.) gzpGupfpwhh;.


4. I.eh.nghJr; nrayh; ghd; fp.%dpd; kpahd;kh; ehl;L rpwg;G MNyhrfuhf ahiu epakpj;jhh;fs;?

tp[a; ek;gpahh; 5. “rkhjhd;” jpl;lj;ij jkpof muR mwptpj;jJ. mjd; fhy

msT vd;d? 1.11.2011 Kjy; 31.1.2012 tiu 6. ,e;jpahtpw;F va;l;]; Neha; jLg;Gf;F &.3>750 Nfhb epjpcjtp

toq;fg;gLk; vd;W $wpath; ahh;? ikf;Nuh rhg;l; epWtdH gpy;Nfl;]; 7. “fhe;jp fhtyh;” tpUJ ngw;wth;fs; ahh;? n[.uh[hKfkJ> v];.n[af;Fkhh;> nr.uh.nre;jpy; Fkhh;>

J.rk;gj;Fkhh;> ng.rpd;d khjtd; 1. ,e;jpa tpkhdg; gilf;fhfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l Mspy;yhj tpkhdk;

ngah; vd;d? yf;\ah - 2 Fwpg;G: xbrh khepyk; ghy#upy; ,e;jr; Nrhjid elj;jg;gl;lJ. 2. Kjy;th; n[.n[ayypjhtpd; Gjpa ghJfhg;G mjpfhupahf

epakpf;fg;gl;lth; ahh;? uh[h Fwpg;G: Nfhit khtl;l rl;lk; xOq;F gpupT cjtp

Mizahsuhf gzp Gupe;jth;. 3. ve;j ehl;by; “cyf KUf gf;jp ,yf;fpa khehL” elj;jg;

Nghtjhf = ghyNahfp Rthkpfs; $wpdhh;? kNyrpah 4. jkpof murpd; Gjpa cs;Jiwr; nrayh; ahh;? Mh;.,uh[Nfhghy; 1. jpy;ypapy; eilngw;w FbauR jpd mzp tFg;gpy; rpwg;ghf

gupzkpj;j Kg;gilfspy; vg;gilf;F toq;fg;gLfpwJ? tpkhdg;gil Fwpg;G: Jiz ,uhZtg; gilfspy; rpwe;j mzp tFg;Gf;fhd

tpUJ> vy;iyg; ghJfhg;Gg; gilf;F mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rpwe;j myq;fhu Ch;jpfSf;fhd tpUJfSf;F kj;jpa kdpj Mw;wy; Jiw> Nfhth> fh;ehlfk; Mfpait Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. rpwhh;fspd; rpwe;j fiyj;jpwd; ntspg;ghLf;fhd tpUJf;F> mzp


tFg;gpy; gq;Nfw;w jpy;yp `];j]y;ypy; cs;s kj;jpa muR rh;Nthjah kfsph; gs;spAk;> kj;jpa gpuNjrj;jpd; tlkj;jpa kz;ly fyhrhu ikaKk; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;ld. Mh;.Nf.Guk; Nfe;jpupa tpj;ahyah gs;sp MWjy; gupR ngw;wJ.

2. nghq;F jkpo; khehL ve;j khepyj;jpy; Vg;uypy; eilngWk; vd;W njuptpj;jhh;fs;?

ngq;f@upy; (fh;ehlfh) 3. ,e;jpa flw;gilapdh; gapw;rpf;fhf ve;j fg;gy;

cUthf;fg;gl;lJ? I.vd;.v];.Rjh;\pdp 4. Vw;fdNt ,g;gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; I.vd;.v];. ve;j fg;gy; 1997Mk;

Mz;L Kjy; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ? I.vd;.v];.juq;fpzp vd;w fg;gy; 5. mz;zh gy;fiyf; fofk; NkYk; 2 nraw;f;ifNfhs; jahupf;f

ve;j njhopy; El;g gapyuq;fk; eilngw;wJ? FUN\j;jpuh Fwpg;G: gpg;utup 1 Kjy; 4Mk; ehs; tiu elf;Fk;. 1. ve;j khepyj;jpy; %d;W tptrha Nkk;ghl;L ikaq;fis

(rp.X.,.) mikf;f ,];Nuy; jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ? kfhuh\;buk; Fwpg;G: xU ikak; rpl;u]; njhlh;ghfTk;> kw;nwhd;W khJis

njhlh;ghfTk;> %d;whtJ ikak; khk;gok; njhlh;ghd njhopy; El;gq;fs;

2. ve;j ehl;L gy;fiyf;fofj;jpw;F ,e;jpah &.7.4 Nfhb Gupe;Jzh;T xg;ge;jk; nra;J nfhz;lJ?

rpfhNfh gy;fiyf;fofk; (mnkupf;fh) 3. 12tJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;lj;jpd; njhopy; gapw;rpf;F vj;jid Nfhb

kj;jpa muR epjp xJf;fg;gLk; vd;W kj;jpa mikr;rh; tPug;g nkha;yp njuptpj;jhh;?

&.35 Mapuk; Nfhb 4. cyfg; Gfo; ngw;w Nay; gy;fiyf; fofk; ntspapl;l

mwpf;ifapy; Rw;Wr; #oy; nray;ghl;by; ,e;jpah vj;jidahtJ ,lj;jpy; cs;sjhf mwptpj;jhh;fs;?

125-MtJ ,lj;jpy; Fwpg;G: Kjyplj;jpy; Rtpl;rh;yhe;J> mnkupf;fh 49-MtJ

,lj;jpYk;> rPdh 116-MtJ ,lj;jpYk; cs;sJ. fzf;nfLg;G 132 ehLfspy; eilngw;wJ. 22 fhuzq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ,e;j Ma;T Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.


5. ,yf;Ndhtpy; eilngw;w Njrpa Nlgps; nld;dp]; Nghl;bapy; jkpof tPuh; ahh; rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ngw;whh;?

mky;uh[; 6. FbauR jpd tpohtpy; MAjg;gil NghyP]; tPu rhfrj;ij Kbf;Fk; jUthapy; caph; ePj;jth; ngah; vd;d? ghz;bad; 7. ,e;jpah-[g;ghd; flNyhuf; fhty; gilapdh; Mz;L NjhWk; $l;Lg; gapw;rp Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpwJ. [g;ghd; fg;gypd; ngah; vd;d?

ngl;R 1. rpwe;j Njh;jy; elj;Jeh; vd;w Njrpa tpUij ngw;w ngz;kzp ahh;?

rq;fPjh Fwpg;G: ,th; jpUr;rp epy rPH;jpUj;j fkp\duhfg; gzpGupe;J tUfpwhh;. ,th; Nritia ghuhl;b Njh;jy; fkp\d; tpUJ toq;fp fTug;gLj;jpaJ. ,e;j tpUij mg;Jy; fyhk; toq;fpdhh;.

2. jhNd Gayhy; Vw;gl;l ghjpg;ig Nghf;f ,ilf;fhy epthuz epjpahf kj;jpa muR jkpof muRf;F toq;fpa epthuzk; vt;tsT?

&. 500 Nfhb 3. xypk;gpf; jFjpr; Rw;Wg; Nghl;bapy; tpisahLk; ,e;jpa mzpapypUe;J ve;j Nfg;ld; ePf;fg;gl;lhh;?

Nfg;ld; uh[;ghy; rpq; 1. ,e;jpahtpd; jdpegh; Mz;L tUkhdk; ruhrupahf kj;jpa Gs;spapay; Jiw vt;tsT vd;W jd; mwpf;ifapy; njuptpj;jJ?

50>000/= Fwpg;G: 1. nkhj;j Njrpa tUkhdj;ij kf;fs; njhifahy; tFj;jhy; fpilg;gJ jdpegh; tUkhdkhFk;.

2. ehl;bd; xl;Lnkhj;j tsh;r;rpf;F milahskhf jdpegh; tUkhdk; fUjg;gLfpwJ.

3. 2011 khh;r; epjpahz;by; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp 8.4 rjtPjk; MFk;.

2. rkPgj;jpy; ,e;jpah kNyrpah ,ilNa ve;j xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;jhdJ?

nghUshjhu $l;L xg;ge;jk;. 3. v];.Ngz;l; vd;gJ vij Fwpf;Fk;?


miyf; fw;iw 4. yl;rah-1 Mspy;yh tpkhdk; ve;j ,lj;jpy; gupNrhjid nra;ag;gl;lJ?

xbrh khepyj;jpYs;s re;jpg;G+h; VTjsj;jpy; 5. jkpo;ehL ,sk;ngz; tpQ;Qhdp tpUJ 2010 ahUf;F fpilj;jJ? ghz;bk;kh Njtp Fwpg;G: mofg;gh gy;fiyf; fofk; capup njhopy; El;g ,ay; Jiw cjtpg;Nguhrpupau; gupR 20>000 &gha; ,e;j tpUij cah; fy;tpj;Jiw mikr;rh; godpag;gd; toq;fpdhh;.

6. yl;rah-1 Mspy;yh tpkhdk; gwf;Fk; fhy msT vt;tsT? fhy msT 30 Kjy; 35 epkplk; MFk;. 7. yl;rah-1 tpkhdj;ij cUthf;fpa mikg;G vJ? ngq;f@upy; cs;s tpkhd Nkk;ghl;L mikg;G (V.b.,.) 8. ,e;jpa tpkhdg; gilf;Fj; Njitahd Nghh; tpkhdq;fs; tpw;gidapy; Vyj;jpy; ntd;w epWtdk; vJ?

gpnuQ;R epWtdk; j]hy;l; u/Ngy; Fwpg;G: j]hy;l;u/Ngy; epWtdk; &.49 Mapuk; Nfhb kjpg;Gs;s Vyj;jpy; ntd;wJ.

9. xypk;gpf; Nghl;bapy; gw;Nfw;Fk; tPuh;fSf;fhf kj;jpa tpisahl;L mikr;rfk; njuptpj;j epjpAjtp vt;tsT?

ghl;kpz;lDf;F &.4.63 Nfhb jlfs tPuh;fSf;F &.7.95 Nfhb 1. Nkfkiy ruzhyaj;ij Gjpjhf jkpof muR ve;j khtl;lj;jpy; mikj;Js;sJ?

Njdp khtl;lk; Fwpg;G: rpq;fthy; Fuq;Ffs;> tiuahLfs; mjpfk; cs;sd. 2. td tpyq;F ruzhyaj;jpy; NuQ;rh; me;j];jpy; ,Ue;j mjpfhup ,dp vt;thW miof;fg;gLk; vd;W jkpof muR mwptpj;Js;sJ?

thh;ld; Fwpg;G: ,e;j ruzhyak; 3 Mapuj;J 242 r.fp.kP. Rw;wstpy; cs;sJ. ,J eLtzuR gupe;Jiuapd; %ykhf cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.

3. mnkupf;f [dhjpgjp xghkh murpy; cjtp th;j;jf ke;jpupahf gzpahw;wp te;j ve;j ,U ,e;jpah;fs; ,uh[pdkh nra;jhh;fs;?

RNu\; Fkhh;> Mjpj;a Fkhh;. 4. ,e;jpa kf;fs; njhifapy; Rkhh; vj;jid ,yl;rk; Foe;ijfs; “jyrPkpah” vd;w Nehahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhf jdpahh; kUj;Jtkid fUj;juq;fpy; tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJ.

1 ,yl;rk; Foe;ijfs;


1. kNyrpah-,e;jpah ,ilNa ,uhZt xg;ge;jk; nra;tjw;F Nfhyhyk;G+h; nrd;Ws;s ,e;jpa tpkhdg; gilj; jsgjp ahh;?

vd;.V.Nf.gpuTd; 2. Gtp ntg;gkiltijj; jLf;f 12tJ ];jpu Nkk;ghL Fwpj;j cr;rp khehL eilngw;w ,lk; ahJ?

jpy;yp 3. “Njrpa fpuhkg;Gw Ntiy cWjpaspg;G” jpl;l tpohtpy; rpwe;j gQ;rhaj;J jiytp tpUjpid ve;jg; ngz;kzp ngw;whs;? vd;.rgPjh (fhQ;rpGuk; khtl;lk;) Fwpg;G: ,t;tpUJ rpwe;j Kiwapy; jpl;lq;fis epiwNtw;wpa cs;shl;rp mikg;GfSf;F toq;fg;gLk;. ,t;tpoh GJjpy;ypapy; eilngw;wJ.

4. cg;G+h; mdy; kpd;jpl;lk; - cg;G+h; vd;gJ ve;j khtl;lj;jpy; cs;sJ?

,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk; Fwpg;G: ,uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk;> jpUthlid gFjp flw; fiuNahuk; 1>200 Vf;fh; epyg;gug;gpy;> 1>600 nkfh thl;by;> ,uz;L myFfs; nfhz;l cg;G+h; mdy;kpd; epiyak; mikf;fg;gl cs;sJ.

1. “jkpo;ehL Njrpa rl;lg; gs;sp” vd;w ngaupy; ve;j khtl;lj;jpy; gy;fiyf; fofk; epWtg;gLk; vd;W rl;lrigapy; rl;lj;Jiw mikr;rh; rp.tp.rz;Kfk; kNrhjh jhf;fy; nra;jhh;?

jpUr;rp khtl;lk; (=uq;fj;jpy;) Fwpg;G: INfhh;l;L jiyik ePjpgjpia Nte;juhf nfhz;L nray;gLk;.

2. Gjpa fpufq;fis fz;Lgpbj;j tpz; ntspapy;(yz;ld;) mjw;F vd;d ngah; itj;Js;sdh;?

“[pN[-667 rp” 1. “kJufyh g;utPzh” tpUJ ngw;w fiyQh;fs; ahh;? ahh;? 1. kJufyh g;utPzh tpUJ - [p.v];.kzp 2. kJufyh kzp - tpUJ jpUr;rp v];.fNzrDf;F 2. mnkupf;fhtpy; eilngw;w Njt; ];fy;l;]; epidT rh;tNjr ky;Aj;j Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa tPuh;fs; ,uz;L jq;fk; ntd;wdh;.


mth;fs; ahh;? mkpj; Fkhh;> RrPy; Fkhh;. 1. ,e;jpaf; fpupf;nfl; tPuUf;F Gw;WNeha; ,Ug;gjhff; fz;lwpe;J

rpfpr;ir ngWk; egh; ahh;? Atuh[; rpq; 2. jpy;ypiar; Nrh;e;j Rfhjhu mwptpay;> njhopy;El;gj;Jiwapd;

nray; ,af;Feh; [p.ghyfpU\;zehaUf;F jw;NghJ toq;fg;gl;l tpUJ vd;d?

Ez;Zapup epGzh; 3. mnkupf;f tpz;ntspj; jpl;lj;Jf;F Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa

Mrpupia ahh;? te;jdh #h;atd;\p (taJ 46) Fwpg;G: ,th; kfhuh\;buh khepyk; GNdapy; cs;s eLepiyg;

gs;spapy; Mrpupiaahfg; gzpGupe;J tUfpwhh;. 4. jfty; njhopy;El;gj; Jiwapy; rpwg;ghd eltbf;iffis Nkw;

nfhz;ljw;fhf ve;j khepyj;jpw;F eLtzuR “Njrpa kpd; MSik” tpUJ toq;fg;gl;lJ?

kj;jpag; gpuNjrk; Fwpg;G: kpd; MSik vd;gJ (,-fth;dd;];) 5. ve;j khepyj;jpy; Kjd; Kjyhf jpU eq;iff;F cah;ePjp

kd;wj;jpy; muRg; gzp toq;fg;gl;lJ? fh;ehlfj;jpy;> mD

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