cell cycle & meiosis student edition -...

Cell Cycle & Meiosis Student Edition

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1. Jack bought a small turtle. Three months later, the turtle had grown to twice its original size. Which of thefollowing statements best describes why Jack’s turtle got bigger?

A. Parts of the turtle stretched out as it grew larger.

B. The number of cells in the turtle’s body increased.

C. The turtle’s body absorbed the food it ate and water it drank.

D. The size of each cell in the turtle’s body got bigger as it got older.

2. The genome of a goldfish contains 96 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have aftermitosis of a goldfish cell is complete?

A. 24 B. 48 C. 95 D. 192

3. The distribution of chromosomes in one type of cell division is shown in the diagram below.

Which process and type of resulting cells are represented in the diagram?

A. mitosis, which produces gametes B. mitosis, which produces body cells

C. meiosis, which produces gametes D. meiosis, which produces body cells

4. If an intestinal cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg cell would contain

A. 3 chromosomes. B. 6 chromosomes. C. 12 chromosomes. D. 24 chromosomes.

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5. The diagram below represents two human cells.

These cells are a direct result of

A. mitotic cell division. B. fertilization. C. sex linkage. D. gametogenesis.

6. Body cells of fruit flies contain only 8 chromosomes, compared to human cells that contain 46. Scientists usedstudies of fruit flies to discover how egg and sperm cells (gametes) are formed. What did they observe?

A. Body cells of the offspring flies had 16 chromosomes.

B. Sperm cells from the male had 8 chromosomes.

C. Egg cells from the female had 4 chromosomes.

D. Body cells of the offspring flies had 4 chromosomes.

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7. The diagram below names three of the four stages in the life cycle of a butterfly.

Which of the following pictures shows the stage that is missing in the diagram?

A. B.

C. D.

8. Which of the following drawings best shows the life cycle of berry bushes growing naturally in a forest?

A. B.

C. D.


9. The diagram below shows the life cycle of an organism.

Which of the following organisms has a life cycle like the one shown in the diagram?

A. a bird B. a butterfly C. a frog D. a snake

10. The algal cell pictured below is a single-celled organism.

When the algal cell is cut in two as shown, the bottom part can grow into a complete cell, but the top part cannot.What conclusion does this support?

A. The ribosomes are found in the top of the cell.

B. The nucleus is found in the bottom of the cell.

C. The top of the cell contains most of its chromosomes.

D. The bottom of the cell contains most of its cytoplasm.


11. The diagram below shows a sea star in various stages of regeneration.

What cellular process is directly responsible for this regeneration?

A. meiosis B. mitosis C. transpiration D. respiration

12. The diagram below shows a generalized cycle in sexually reproducing animals.

What is Process A in this cycle?

A. fertilization B. mitosis C. osmosis D. replication

13. Which of the following genetic conditions results from a problem with segregation?

A. Trisomy 16: a condition caused when a zygote receives three copies of chromosome 16

B. Huntington’s disease: a condition caused when a zygote receives a mutated dominant allele

C. Hemophilia: a condition caused when a zygote receives an X chromosome with a particular recessive allele

D. Sickle cell anemia: a condition caused when a zygote receives a recessive allele for hemoglobin from eachparent


14. The diagram below provides information about a carrot cell.

A carrot cell contains 18 chromosomes. Which of the following diagrams illustrates the correct number ofchromosomes in new cells produced by mitosis?

A. B.

C. D.

15. When gametes are produced from a parent cell during normal meiosis, which of the following describes the numberof chromosomes in each resulting cell?

A. Each resulting cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

B. Each resulting cell has twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

C. Each resulting cell has one-half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

D. Each resulting cell has one-fourth the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.


16. The diagram below shows the cell cycle.

Which of the following activities occurs in the G1 phase?

A. growth of the cell B. replication of the DNA

C. formation of the mitotic spindle D. breakdown of the nuclear membrane

17. The diagram below represents steps in sexual reproduction.

Which of the following occurs in the step labeled Z?

A. fertilization B. meiosis C. mitosis D. translocation

18. Which of the following is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction when compared to asexual reproduction?

A. There is a greater number of offspring. B. There is more food available to offspring.

C. There is greater genetic variety in offspring. D. There is a longer development time for offspring.


19. From year to year, farmers rotate different crops in the fields to improve soil nutrients. Why is crop rotation alsoan effective pest management method?

A. It allows chemicals to kill more pests. B. It creates crops that are pest-resistant.

C. It interrupts the life cycles of pests. D. It allows pests to overpopulate.

20. The diagrams below represent forms of reproduction. In which form of reproduction will the offspring differ mostfrom the parent?

A. B.

C. D.

21. In the synthesis phase (S phase) of the cell cycle, a body cell copies its DNA. This DNA replication occurs inpreparation for which of the following processes?

A. cellular respiration B. facilitated diffusion C. mitosis D. translation

22. How many daughter cells are formed in meiosis?

A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 4

23. Two gametes containing 20 chromosomes fuse during fertilization. How many chromosomes will the zygote cellcontain?

A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 80

24. A cell with 24 chromosomes undergoes mitosis twice. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

A. 6 B. 12 C. 24 D. 48


25. Why are humans important to the life cycle of malaria parasites?

A. Malaria parasites kill humans.

B. Malaria parasites only live in human cells.

C. Malaria parasites can live in mutual symbiosis with humans.

D. Malaria parasites use humans for reproductive purposes.

26. The table below shows characteristics of four different organisms.

Which organism is the product of asexual reproduction?

A. Organism W B. Organism X C. Organism Y D. Organism Z


27. Use the information below to answer the following question(s).

Students examined plants and animals that live in and near the Chesapeake Bay.The students identified somefeatures of these organisms, as seen in the table below.

Organism Habitat Animal or Plant Role

Bald eagle Land/water Animal Consumer

Bay grass Water Plant Producer

Deer Land Animal ?

Cypress tree Land/water Plant Producer

Mute swan Water Animal ?

Oyster Water Animal ?

Pine tree Land Plant Producer

Sandbar shark Water Animal Consumer

Striped bass Water Animal Consumer

Underwater plants are needed for the Chesapeake Bay habitat to be healthy. Eelgrass is one of the most commonunderwater plants in the bay area.

Which of these methods is the most likely way that thousands of eelgrass seeds are spread naturally throughout thebay area?

A. The constant motion of the waves transports the seeds.

B. Fish eat the seeds and spit them out at another location.

C. The seeds stick to bobcat fur and fall in the water as the bobcat swims.

D. Birds gather the seeds on their feet and drop them in the water while flying.


28. Use the information and diagrams below to answer the following question(s).

Astrammina rara is a unicellular organism that is several millimeters long. This organism lives on the oceanfloor of Antarctica in an area called Explorer’s Cove.Astrammina rara builds a shell by cementing grains ofsand from the ocean floor together. The organism either absorbs nutrients from the water or eats otherorganisms on the ocean floor. The offspring of Astrammina rara have genes identical to the parent. Below isa diagram of an Astrammina rara and a map showing where the organism lives.

Asexual reproduction by Astrammina rara

A. involves an egg and a sperm B. requires a male and a female

C. reduces the variation in the offspring D. increases the variation in the offspring

29. Which statement best describes how genetic information is passed to the offspring of Astrammina rara?

A. The genetic information comes from the egg.

B. The genetic information comes from the sperm.

C. All of the genetic information comes from one parent.

D. Half of the genetic information comes from one parent.


30. A human baby and adult are pictured below.

Which of the following processes enables the baby to become an adult?

A. development of new genes B. genetic changes

C. production of sex cells D. repeated cell divisions

31. Which of these processes occurs during sexual reproduction but not during asexual reproduction?

A. meiosis B. mitosis C. binary fission D. genetic mutation

32. Use the diagram of the two different organisms and the information below to answer the following question(s).

Streptococcus is a type of bacteria that causes strep throat in humans. A frog is a multicellular organism that livesin aquatic environments.

Which of these is the type of reproduction used by Streptococcus?

A. binary fission B. meiosis C. crossing-over D. budding


33. A sperm cell of a moth has 112 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the moth’s wing cells?

A. 66 B. 112 C. 224 D. 448

34. One kind of chromosomal mutation can occur during meiosis when a pair of chromosomes that carry genes for thesame trait fail to separate. Which of these represents the sex chromosomes of a male organism when this type ofchromosomal mutation has occurred?

A. XXY B. XX C. XY D. XXX

35. Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s).

The diagram below shows stages of cell division of an amoeba, a unicellular organism.

CELL DIVISION IN AN AMOEBA

Scientists have found that the rate of division in amoebas is controlled. Scientists believe that the transition fromstage 2 to stage 3 is slowed by proteins. The additional time seems to help the amoeba change coding errorscaused during DNA replication.

How does the chromosome number of the amoeba in stage 1 compare to an amoeba in stage 3?

A. half the number of chromosomes B. the same number of chromosomes

C. twice the number of chromosomes D. four times the number of chromosomes


cell cycle & meiosis student edition -...

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