ce 303: introduction to construction blueprint lab
TRANSCRIPT
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CE 303: Introduction to Construction
Blueprint Lab
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ObjectivesObjectives
How to read Foundation PlansHow to read Foundation Plans Commercial Framing IllustrationsCommercial Framing Illustrations Reinforced ConcreteReinforced Concrete Residential Framing IllustrationsResidential Framing Illustrations Dimensioning Dimensioning Plumbing PlansPlumbing Plans HVAC PlansHVAC Plans Electrical Plans/Wiring DiagramsElectrical Plans/Wiring Diagrams Masonry SymbolsMasonry Symbols Welding SymbolsWelding Symbols
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Foundation PlansFoundation Plans
Details of construction for the Details of construction for the footings and foundation wallsfootings and foundation walls
Footings and walls must be very Footings and walls must be very carefully laid out, as the rest of the carefully laid out, as the rest of the building relies on their accuracybuilding relies on their accuracy
Slab-on-grade is a concrete slab Slab-on-grade is a concrete slab poured directly on the subgrade poured directly on the subgrade (basement floors, main floors, garage (basement floors, main floors, garage floors, etc..)floors, etc..)
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column footingscolumn footings
columncenterlinecolumn
centerline
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T/F 96’-6”
A
reinforcingsteel
sometimes dashedsometimes solid
T/F = Top of Footing Elevation
Foundation WallFoundation Walland Footingand Footing
Plan View
Section View
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Footer
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Slab-on-Grade - Slab-on-Grade - Plan ViewPlan View
saw cut patternsaw cut pattern
no jointsno joints
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Commercial Commercial FramingFraming
Framework constructed of structural steel Framework constructed of structural steel and/or reinforced concrete.and/or reinforced concrete.
Framework is designed to transfer loads to Framework is designed to transfer loads to columns of steel, thus eliminating the columns of steel, thus eliminating the need for load bearing walls.need for load bearing walls.
Two types of floor and roof framing Two types of floor and roof framing systems.systems.• One-way floor system (Girders run parallel to One-way floor system (Girders run parallel to
each other)each other)• Two-way floor system (Beams and girders run Two-way floor system (Beams and girders run
in both directions)in both directions)
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Commercial Commercial Framing (con’t)Framing (con’t)
Steel Beam and Column DesignationsSteel Beam and Column Designations• W20x48W20x48
Standard Wide Flange (W) ShapeStandard Wide Flange (W) Shape 20” nominal depth20” nominal depth 48 lbs. per linear foot48 lbs. per linear foot
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Reinforced ConcreteReinforced Concretefloor systems - one wayfloor systems - one way
Girder (resting on column)Girder (resting on column)
Concrete beamConcrete beam
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Reinforced ConcreteReinforced Concretefloor systems - two way wafflefloor systems - two way waffle
Waffle Pan or dome systemWaffle Pan or dome system
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Commercial Commercial Framing (con’t)Framing (con’t)
Open web joists are used in Open web joists are used in commercial and industrial commercial and industrial construction.construction.• Support loads more efficiently than Support loads more efficiently than
beams and are more economical.beams and are more economical. Designation:Designation:
• 60DLH1560DLH15 D: Deep; L: Long-span; H: High StrengthD: Deep; L: Long-span; H: High Strength 60: 60” depth; 15: indicates range of span 60: 60” depth; 15: indicates range of span
from 70’ to 120’, from a load table.from 70’ to 120’, from a load table.
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Residential Residential FramingFraming
Similar to commercial framingSimilar to commercial framing• Beams and joists used to support floorsBeams and joists used to support floors
Wood members used instead of Wood members used instead of structural steel and concrete.structural steel and concrete.
More members used in residential More members used in residential frames (weaker material and no frames (weaker material and no large columns.)large columns.)
Weight of floor supported by wall Weight of floor supported by wall instead of columns.instead of columns.
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Wood FramingWood Framing
widely-used, widely-knownwidely-used, widely-known affordableaffordable durabledurable dependabledependable flexible construction methodsflexible construction methods
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DimensioningDimensioning
for exterior walls for exterior walls • given to outside of studgiven to outside of stud
for interiorfor interior• given to edge of stud orgiven to edge of stud or• centerline of studcenterline of stud
check drawing carefully to verify the check drawing carefully to verify the dimensioning practice followed for any dimensioning practice followed for any
given set of plansgiven set of plans
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Plumbing SymbolsPlumbing Symbols
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Plumbing InformationPlumbing Information
shown on architectural floor planshown on architectural floor plan
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HVAC SystemsHVAC Systems
heatingheating ventilatingventilating air-conditioningair-conditioning produces the movement of air produces the movement of air
within a buildingwithin a building involves controlling airinvolves controlling air
• temperaturetemperature• humidityhumidity• cleanlinesscleanliness
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HVAC SymbolsHVAC Symbols
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HV
AC
Pla
nH
VA
C P
lan
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Electrical Symbols
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Electrical PrintsElectrical Prints
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Electrical PrintsElectrical Prints
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Wiring Wiring DiagramsDiagrams
wiring detailswiring details correspond to a correspond to a
specific piece of specific piece of equipmentequipment• power sourcespower sources• sensorssensors• gaugesgauges• other equipmentother equipment
panel schedulespanel schedules lighting scheduleslighting schedules equipment schedulesequipment schedules on-line diagramson-line diagrams
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Various Joints in Various Joints in Concrete Concrete
ConstructionConstruction
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Welding SymbolWelding Symbol
basic symbolbasic symbol
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Welding SymbolsWelding Symbols
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Location of WeldLocation of Weld
means all-aroundmeans all-around
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