ccna exp3 - chapter04 - vtp_pdf

8/3/2019 CCNA Exp3 - Chapter04 - VTP_pdf

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Cha ter 4: VTP

CCNA Exploration 4.0

1


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Overview

Hc vin mng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 2


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Small network no problem



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Large network ??????



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VTP



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VTP overview

VTP allows a network manager to makes changes on aswitch that is configured as a VTP server.

Basically, the VTP server distributes and synchronizesVLAN information to VTP-enabled switches throughout the,

by incorrect configurations and configuration

inconsistencies. VTP stores VLAN configurations in the VLAN database

called vlan.dat.



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Benefits of VTP



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VTP Components



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VTP Domain-Consists of one or more interconnected

switches. All switches in a domain share VLANconfiguration details using VTP advertisements. A router or

.



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VTP mode



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VTP pruning



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VTP advertisement



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Terminology

VTP Server-VTP servers advertise the VTP domain VLAN information to otherVTP-enabled switches in the same VTP domain. VTP servers store the VLANinformation for the entire domain in NVRAM. The server is where VLAN cancreated, deleted, or renamed for the domain.

VTP Client-VTP clients function the same way as VTP servers, but you cannotcreate, change, or delete VLANs on a VTP client. A VTP client only stores theVLAN information for the entire domain while the switch is on. A switch resetdeletes the VLAN information. You must configure VTP client mode on aswitch.

VTP Transparent-Transparent switches forward VTP advertisements to VTP. .VLANs that are created, renamed, or deleted on transparent switches are localto that switch only.

VTP Pruning-VTP pruning increases network available bandwidth by

the destination devices. Without VTP pruning, a switch floods broadcast,multicast, and unknown unicast traffic across all trunk links within a VTPdomain even though receiving switches might discard them.



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Test your knowledge



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Default VTP configuration



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VTP Version-Displays the VTP version the switch iscapable of running. By default, the switch implements

version 1, but can be set to version 2.

Configuration Revision-Current configuration revision.

numbers in this chapter.

Maximum VLANs Supported Locally-Maximum number ofVLANs supported locally.

Number of Existing VLANs-Number of existing VLANs.

pera ng o e- an e server, c en , or ransparen .



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VTP Domain Name-Name that identifies the administrativedomain for the switch.

VTP Pruning Mode-Displays whether pruning is enabled ordisabled.

VTP V2 Mode-Dis la s if VTP version 2 mode is enabled.VTP version 2 is disabled by default.

VTP Traps Generation-Displays whether VTP traps are. MD5 Digest-A 16-byte checksum of the VTP configuration. Configuration Last Modified-Date and time of the last

con gurat on mo cat on. sp ays t e a ress o t eswitch that caused the configuration change to thedatabase.



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VTP Domains



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VTP Domains



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VTP Domain Name Propogation



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VTP Frame Structure



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VTP Frame Structure



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VTP message content



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VTP packets

VTP message types: Summar advertisements

Subset advertisement Advertisement requests



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VTP packets

Summary Advertisements

Sent every five minutes by a server or client to inform neighboringsw c es o w a e eves s e curren con gura on rev s on

number for its management domain.



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VTP packets

Subset Advertisements

When you add, delete, or change a VLAN in a Catalyst, the server Catalyst

a summary advertisement.

One or several subset advertisements follow the summary advertisement. Asubset advertisement contains a list of VLAN information. If there are several

VLANs, more than one subset advertisement can be required in order to

advertise all the VLANs.

In response to an advertisement request.



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VTP packets

Advertisement Requests

A switch needs a VTP advertisement request in these situations: .

The VTP domain name has been changed. The switch has received a VTP summary advertisement with a higher

.



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VTP Revision Number

The configuration revision number is a 32-bit number thatindicates the level of revision for a VTP frame.

The default configuration number for a switch is zero.

Each time a VLAN is added or removed, thecon gura on rev s on num er s ncremen e .

Each VTP device tracks the VTP configuration revisionnumber that is assi ned to it.

Note: A VTP domain name change does not increment therevision number. Instead, it resets the revision number to

zero.



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Show vtp status: view revision number



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VTP Modes Overview



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VTP Mode Comparisions

VTP servers: Create, modify, and delete VLAN and VLAN configuration parameters

for the entire domain.

VTP servers save VLAN configuration information in the switch NVRAM.

VTP servers send VTP messages out to all trunk ports.

VTP clients: Cannot create, modify, or delete VLAN information.

This mode is useful for switches lacking memory to store large tables of

VLAN information. The only role of VTP clients is to process VLAN changes and send VTP

messages out all trunk ports.

VTP transparent mode:

Forward VTP advertisements but ignore information contained in themessage.

Not modify its database when updates are received


o sen ou an up a e n ca ng a c ange n s s a us.

Only forwarding VTP advertisements, VTP is disabled on a transparent

switch.


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VTP Pruning



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VTP Pruning



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VTP Pruning



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VTP Confi uration

Guidelines



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Notes



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Topology example



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Confirm detail



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Confirm domain name



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Confirm version



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Add Vlan at server, enable trunking port


E bl li d


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Enable vtp client mode


V if t t t


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Verify vtp status



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Troubleshootin VTP

Connections



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Incompatible VTP Versions


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Incompatible VTP Versions

Solutions:


VTP Password Issues


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VTP Password Issues

Solutions:


Incorrect VTP Domain Name


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Incorrect VTP Domain Name

Solutions:


Incorrect Revision Number


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Solutions:


Verify Revision Number


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Verify Revision Number


Managing VLANs on a VTP Server


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Managing VLANs on a VTP Server



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Summary


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Summary


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