case-based reasoning
TRANSCRIPT
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• Case-Based Reasoning
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Common Lisp Bibliography
1 Christopher K. Riesbeck, Roger C. Schank: Inside Case-Based
Reasoning, Lawrence Erlbaum, 1989, ISBN 0-89859-767-6
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Machine translation - Example-based
1 Example-based machine translation (EBMT) approach was proposed by Makoto Nagao in 1984. It is often
characterised by its use of a bilingual corpus as its main knowledge base,
at run-time. It is essentially a translation by analogy and can be viewed as an implementation of
case-based reasoning approach of machine learning.
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Case based reasoning
1 Case-based reasoning is a prominent kind of analogy
making.
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Case based reasoning
1 It has been argued that case-based reasoning is not only a powerful
method for computer reasoning, but also a pervasive behavior in
everyday human problem solving; or, more radically, that all reasoning
is based on past cases personally experienced. This view is related to
prototype theory, which is most deeply explored in cognitive science.
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Case based reasoning - Process
1 Case-based reasoning has been formalized for purposes of computer
reasoning as a four-step process:Agnar Aamodt and Enric
Plaza, Case-Based Reasoning: Foundational Issues, Methodological Variations, and System Approaches,
Artificial Intelligence Communications 7 (1994): 1, 39-52.
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Case based reasoning - History
1 Other schools of CBR and closely allied fields emerged in the 1980s, which directed at topics
such as legal reasoning, memory-based reasoning (a way of reasoning from examples
on massively parallel machines), and combinations of CBR with other reasoning
methods. In the 1990s, interest in CBR grew internationally, as evidenced by the
establishment of an International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning in 1995, as well as
European, German, British, Italian, and other CBR workshops.
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Case based reasoning - History
1 CBR technology has resulted in the deployment of a number of
successful systems, the earliest being Lockheed's CLAVIER,Bill Mark, Case-Based Reasoning for Autoclave
Management, Proceedings of the Case-Based Reasoning Workshop
(1989)
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Explanation based learning
1 'Explanation-based learning (EBL)' is a form of machine learning that exploits a very strong, or even perfect, domain theory to make generalizations or form concepts
from training examples.Special Issue on Explanation in Case-Based
Reasoning
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Computational creativity - Poetry
1 Nonetheless, Pablo Gervás has developed a noteworthy system
called ASPERA that employs a case-based reasoning (CBR) approach to generating poetic formulations of a
given input text via a composition of poetic fragments that are retrieved from a case-base of existing poems
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Bionics - Methods
1 The conscious copying of examples and mechanisms from natural
organisms and ecologies is a form of applied case-based reasoning,
treating nature itself as a database of solutions that already work.
Proponents argue that the selective pressure placed on all life|natural life
forms minimizes and removes failures.
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Eduardo Reck Miranda - Samples of published conference papers
1 *Martins, J. P. M., Pereira, F., Miranda, E. R. and Cardoso, A. (2004). Enhancing Sound Design with Conceptual Blending of Sound Descriptors, Proceedings of the
Workshop on Computational Creativity (CC'04) - European Conference on Case-Based
Reasoning (ECCBR), Technical Report 142-04, pp.243–255, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).
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Applied ethics - Modern approach
1 One modern approach which attempts to overcome the seemingly
impossible divide between deontology and utilitarianism (of which the divide is caused by the opposite takings of an absolute
morality|absolute and Moral relativism|relativist moral view) is
case-based reasoning, also known as casuistry
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Inductive reasoning - Argument from analogy
1 Analogical reasoning is very frequent in common sense, science,
philosophy and the humanities, but sometimes it is accepted only as an
auxiliary method. A refined approach is case-based reasoning. For more
information on inferences by analogy, see
[http://www.cs.hut.fi/Opinnot/T-93.850/2005/Papers/juthe2005-
analogy.pdf Juthe, 2005].https://store.theartofservice.com/the-case-based-reasoning-toolkit.html
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Probabilistic logic - Historical context
1 There was a particularly strong interest starting in the 12th century, with the work of the Scholastics, with the invention of the half-proof (so that two half-proofs are
sufficient to prove guilt), the elucidation of moral certainty (sufficient certainty to act upon, but short of
absolute certainty), the development of Catholic probabilism (the idea that it is always safe to follow the established rules of doctrine or the opinion of experts,
even when they are less probable), the case-based reasoning of casuistry, and the scandal of Laxism (whereby probabilism was used to give support to
almost any statement at all, it being possible to find an expert opinion in support of almost any proposition.).
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Defeasible reasoning - Specificity
1 Defeasible reasoning accounts of precedent (stare decisis and case-based reasoning) also make use of specificity (e.g., Joseph Raz and the
work of Kevin D
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Common law - History
1 The form of reasoning used in common law is known as casuistry or case-based reasoning
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Software development effort estimation - History
1 Since then a high number of model building approaches have been evaluated, such as
approaches founded on case-based reasoning, classification and regression trees, simulation,
neural networks, Bayesian statistics, lexical analysis of requirement specifications, genetic programming, linear programming, economic production models, soft computing, fuzzy logic
modeling, statistical bootstrapping, and combinations of two or more of these models
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Craig Larman - Biography
1 His education and background are in the fields of object-oriented
programming, artificial intelligence, and case-based reasoning
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Case analysis - Connections with logical principles
1 Deductive logic is applied to reducing the number of cases; see case-based reasoning.
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Ethical dilemma - Responses to the arguments
1 See also case-based reasoning on this
process
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Playlist - Playlist generation
1 Since, many other techniques were proposed, such as case-
based reasoning.
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Mark Keane
1 Advances in the Psychology of Thinking (1992, with [http://psydb.herts.ac.uk/staff_list/ Ken
Gilhooly]), Novice Programming Environments (1992, with [http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/marc/ Marc Eisenstadt] and Tim Rajan), Advances in
Case-Based Reasoning (1995, with [http://www.loria.fr/~jph/Page%20JPH-
English.html J-P Haton] and [http://www.linkedin.com/profile?
authType=nameauthToken=jcDaviewProfile=key=8546457 Michel Manago]).
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Case report - Roles in research and education
1 Case reports can also play a relevant role in medical education, providing a structure for Case-based reasoning|
case-based learning.
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Artificial intelligence and law
1 There are related conferences, including JURIX (the Dutch Legal
Informatics group), and researchers whose principal concerns are legal
expert systems, multiagent systems, ontologies, defeasible reasoning,
deontic logic, case-based reasoning, and social philosophy
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Ostensive definition
1 Ostensive definitions rely on an analogy|analogical or case-based reasoning by the subject they are
intended to.
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Jaime Carbonell - Research
1 Carbonell’s major scientific accomplishments include the Creation of MMR (Maximal
Marginal Relevance) technology for text summarization and informational novelty detection in search engines, Invention of Transformational Analogy, a generalized
method for Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) to re-use, modify and compose past successful plans for increasingly complex problems and
Knowledge-based interlingual machine translation
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Leslie L. Dan Pharmacy Building - Academics and curricula
1 At the University of Toronto, pharmacy students are already being trained for
diagnosis and prescribing rights through problem-based learning|problem-based,
experiential learning|experiential and student-directed teaching|student-directed
approaches to common ailments, case-based reasoning|case-based and critical thinking|
critical reasoning skills and other coursework in pathophysiology, clinical biochemistry and
pharmaceutical care
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