CASCADE MINI-RINGS® Random Packing

KGa CMRCONDITIONS:Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOHConversion to Carbonate: 25%Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO

Temperature: 75 ºF [24 ºC]Gas rate: 970lb/(ft hr) [1.31 kg/(m s)]

Tower Diameter: 3ft [0.91m]Bed Height: 4ft [1.2m]

2 2

2

Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h)

Liquid Load, gpm/ft2

KG

a,lb

-mol

/(h•

ft3 •a

tm)

KG

a,kg

-mol

/(h•

m3 •a

tm)

CASCADE MINI-RINGS® (CMR™) Random Packingwas developed and introduced to the market in 1971.It became the first commercially successful high perform-ance random packing. Since its introduction, plastic CMRrandom packing has been utilized in thousands of success-ful installations around the world in a wide variety ofabsorption, stripping and heat-exchange columns.

CASCADE MINI-RINGS packing achieves better capacityand efficiency than standard Pall Rings. This improvementin performance is a result of the low "aspect ratio" of 1:3(height of the cylinder is 1/3 of the diameter).

In a bed of Pall Rings, many of the rings are oriented withnearly-horizontal cylindrical axes. These rings impedevapor flow more than their nearly vertical neighbors.However, when a bed of CMR packing is installed, thelower aspect ratio causes most of the rings to lie withtheir axes nearly vertical. This preferred orientation bet-ter exposes both the interior and exterior surface of therings to the liquid and vapor flows, providing more effi-cient use of the packing surface. CMR packing attainsgreater capacity for a given size/efficiency.

The low aspect ratio of the CMR rings, along with thispreferential orientation, brings about substantial improve-ments in process performance:

1. Lower pressure drop: Because the CMR ring’s largest opening is predominantly in the direction of the vaporflow, vapor passes easily through the column, resultingin lower pressure drop.

2. Higher capacity: The lower flow rate resistance of thelower aspect ratio rings results in a higher capacity.

3. Better fouling resistance: Any solids entering thepacked bed are more easily flushed through the packing matrix by the liquid.

4. Higher mechanical strength: The preferred orientationwith the cylindrical axis in the vertical position increases the mechanical strength of the packed bed.

CMR #2A

CMR #3A

®

Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom

gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2

70605040302010

50

171147122

9873492412

0System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter

CMR #2∆p/Z

(in

wc/

ft)

Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom

gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2

70605040302010

50

171147122

9873492412

0System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter

CMR #2A∆p/Z

(in

wc/

ft)

Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom

gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2

70605040302010

50

171147122

9873492412

0System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter

CMR #3A∆p/Z

(in

wc/

ft)

Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom

gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2

605040302010

50

147122

9873492412

0

System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter

CMR #1A

Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2

Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2

∆p,i

n w

c/ft

∆p,m

bar/

m

Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2

Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2

∆p,i

n w

c/ft

∆p,m

bar/

m

Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2

Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2

∆p,m

bar/

m

Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2

Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2

∆p,i

n w

c/ft

∆p,i

n w

c/ft

∆p,m

bar/

m

®