cars compilation

How ISO s tandardssuppor t g lobal car indus tr y

Introduction

On the road – with ISO International Standards .........1

Guest Interviews

Hyoung-Keun Lee – Kia Motors Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Sergio Marchionne – Chrysler Group and Fiat . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Thomas Weber – Daimler AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Tom Purves – Rolls Royce Motor Cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Articles

Mikhail Gorbachev – Nobel Peace Prize laureate . . . . . . . 20

Richard Parry Jones – Internationally renowned car guru ...................................................................23

Running on state-of-the-art ISO standards ................28

From the boardroom – The bottom line on International Standards ................................................................30

Bentley fi rst with ISO 50001 – Car maker implements energy management standard ..................................33

Going green – Electric cars drive down pollution . . . . . . . 36

Press releases

Fully Networked Car 2012 sets priorities for new ITS standards agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Standardizers explore closer cooperation on electric vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

No jolts! Safe electric cars thanks to ISO standard . . . . 42

High-tech vehicles – High-tech ISO safety standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Gorbachev opens ISO forum on standards for vehicle of the future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

New ISO standard for pedestrian impact test drives progress in safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

ISO shapes future of electric vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Attention parents : New ISO standard promotes smart and user-friendly ISOFIX systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

No road blocks with ISO standard for dashboard symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

No fumbling at the steering wheel thanks to new ISO standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

ISO specifi cation for car child seat detection system will help reduce risk of injury from airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

ISO gives car industry new interface to navigation systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

How safe are your brakes? ISO standard provides all-in-one test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

New Release ISO Focus+

Road vehicles – Running on ISO standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

ISO’s collection of standards for electric

vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

ISO in brief

ISO is the International Organization for Standardization.

ISO has a membership of 164* national standards bodies

from countries large and small, industrialized, developing

and in transition, in all regions of the world. ISO’s portfolio

of over 19 400* standards provides business, government

and society with practical tools for all three dimensions

of sustainable development: economic, environmental

and social.

ISO standards make a positive contribution to the world

we live in. They facilitate trade, spread knowledge,

disseminate innovative advances in technology, and share

good management and conformity assessment practices.

ISO standards provide solutions and achieve benefi ts

for almost all sectors of activity, including agriculture,

construction, mechanical engineering, manufacturing,

distribution, transport, healthcare, information and

communication technologies, the environment, energy,

safety and security, quality management, and services.

ISO only develops standards for which there is a clear

market requirement. The work is carried out by experts

in the subject drawn directly from the industrial, technical

and business sectors that have identifi ed the need for the

standard, and which subsequently put the standard to

use. These experts may be joined by others with relevant

knowledge, such as representatives of government

agencies, testing laboratories, consumer associations

and academia, and by international governmental and

nongovernmental organizations.

An ISO International Standard represents a global

consensus on the state of the art in the subject of that

standard.

* End of October 2012.

C o n t e n t s

1H o w I S O s t a n d a r d s s u p p o r t g l o b a l c a r i n d u s t r y

I n t r o d u c t i o n

On the road with ISO International Standards

There are few industries more global than the automotive sector whose supply chains link suppliers large and small, worldwide. ISO International Standards allow this system to mesh efficiently and effec-tively. This brochure presents a compilation of recent articles from ISO Focus+ magazine and of press releases showing the scale of ISO's rapid responsiveness to the needs of this important sector.

Clearly, with more than a billion esti-mated road vehicles in use worldwide, if the automotive sector uses state-of-the-art standards for aspects such as safety, impact on the environment, and require-ments for supply chain partners, this can have an enormous impact on all three dimensions of sustainable development – social, environmental and economic.The importance of this challenge is refl ected by ISO's response. Out of a current total* of more than 19 400 ISO International Standards for almost all sectors of business and technology, some 900 have been developed for road vehicles and related technologies.

They provide benefi ts :• For manufacturers, ISO standards pro-

vide specifi cations for safety, quality, performance and environmental impact

• For supply chains, ISO standards provide harmonized requirements enabling outsourcing, fair competi-tion, the participation of suppliers from developing countries – a " level playing fi eld " – and drive down costs by facili-tating competitive tendering

• For regulators, ISO standards provide the technical basis - regularly reviewed and improved – for legislation on aspects such as safety and pollution

• For consumers and users, ISO stand-ards make it simpler and safer to drive vehicles, while protecting passengers (especially children) and pedestrians, and lower the cost of buying vehicles

• For research and development, ISO standards facilitate innovation and the roll-out of new technologies by provid-ing globally harmonized terminology and consensus on health, safety and environmental aspects

* End of October 2012.

Guest Inter v iews

Hyoung-Keun (Hank) Lee was promoted to Vice Chairman and CEO of Kia Motors Corpora-tion in September 2010 from his previous position as President in charge of the company’s overseas business operations which he had held since August 2009. In his current role, Mr. Lee is the highest ranking Kia Motors global executive and oversees the company’s global business activities including sales, marketing and after sales service ; corporate planning and production ; as well as labour-man-agement relations.

A member of the Hyundai Motor Group for the last 35 years, Mr. Lee has also held the position of Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (COO) of the International Business Division,

President of Kia Motors Europe and President and CEO of Dongfeng Yueda Kia, the company’s joint venture in China.

Mr. Lee has led Kia Motors through the ongoing global economic recession during which the com-pany has posted among the industry’s highest sales growth with expanding market share in nearly all countries in which the company operates. He has his sights set on guiding Kia to a market leadership position through the continued execution of the company’s design management and quality im-provement strategies while strengthening the flexible operation of Kia’s overseas manufacturing network, dealer competency, and service offerings to enhance global consumers’ experiences with the Kia brand.

Hyoung-Keun LeeKia Motors Corporation


G u e s t I n t e r v i e w I S O F o c u s +

Kia's long-awaited Quoris fl agship luxury sedan showcases the remarkable strides the Korean automaker has made from its very humble beginnings.

ISO Focus+ : What is the strategic value of International Standards to the com-pany’s expanding market share ? How do International Standards allow Kia to move forward ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : For a company like Kia, with 80 % of our sales volume outside of Korea, International Standards are among the most important management tools at our disposal.

still aim to demonstrate Kia’s brand slogan – The Power to Surprise – by providing customers with products and services which exceed expectations, and at a price which is perceived as good value. By doing this consistently and by continuously improving our products, more and more current own-ers are recommending Kia to their family, friends and colleagues – driving forward sales growth.

Brand awareness has also been greatly enhanced by high-profile sponsorships of major sporting events and by creative, sometimes amusing, advertising campaigns which have begun to give Kia a stronger personality and more emotional appeal.

While complying with International Standards, creating and implementing new internal standards is important to our continued growth, and we also hope to infl uence future International Standards with our innovation and creativity.

Our success has been powered by our design-led product range. Now we need to push for even higher standards across our dealer networks, so that the purchase and ownership experience improves in line with the styling and quality of our vehicles.

ISO Focus+ : Can you describe the use made by Kia Motors of ISO’s quality man-agement system standards – ISO 9001:2008, and ISO/TS 16949:2009 – and what value they have added ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : ISO 9001:2008, Qual-ity management systems – Requirements,

International Standards are among the most important management tools.

In today’s fast-moving world of changing technology, it is crucial that our designers and engineers in facilities all around the world have a sound knowledge of Inter-national Standards.

They enable us to achieve the integration of work carried out in diverse Kia locations, including nine manufacturing operations in fi ve countries, and to comply with the national criteria in the 149 markets in which we sell our products.

ISO Focus+ : What is the secret of your success ? What new standards are needed to support Kia’s pole position in terms of customer satisfaction and reliability ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : There is no magic formula or secret behind our success. We

is considered as the cornerstone of Kia’s current quality management system. The core values of the ISO system are embodied in our current Global Quality Management System (GQMS) and, by utilizing this, we plan to secure outstanding quality control systems, particularly in our activities aimed at preventing any quality defects.

ISO/TS 16949:2009, Quality manage-ment systems – Particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2008 for automotive production and relevant ser-vice part organizations, is an important tool for us to better manage our relation-ships with suppliers. After making a few improvements, Kia introduced its supplier evaluation system, providing a fi ve-point measuring system in the areas of quality, payment and technology.

We have gladly accepted our role as a mentor for our supplier companies, work-ing closely together to make improvements in various fi elds including technology and process management. We also utilize our own check-sheet, which carries the core elements of ISO/TS 16949. The importance of the objective standardized evaluation system is always emphasized, and this helps both Kia and its suppliers to make mutually benefi cial progress.

ISO Focus+ : What is the added value of this involvement for the industry in general, and for Kia Motors in particular ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : The opportunity to play a part in the creation of International Standards, based on experts from different countries reaching agreement, is vital to those corporations which are determined to succeed in the decades ahead.

4 H o w I S O s t a n d a r d s s u p p o r t g l o b a l c a r i n d u s t r y

Participation in the development of International Standards is essential to ensure that every factor is fully considered and resolved.

ISO Focus+ : Why did Kia sign a Memo-randum of Understanding (MoU) with the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) on the occasion of World Envi-ronment Day ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : We aim to support steadfast efforts to solve global environ-mental challenges through the participation in environmental partnerships such as the UNEP. The MoU is part of our ongoing global efforts to support our environment.

ISO Focus+ : How does the company use ISO 14001 and what added value has it provided ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : In 2003, we announced our corporation-wide environment manage-ment system called ECO GTS 2010. Based on this system, our Korean domestic and overseas production facilities and service departments earned ISO 14001:2004, Envi-ronmental management systems – Require-ments with guidance for use, certifi cation in various operational fi elds, including the fi rst Dongfeng Yueda Kia plant in China and our Zilina plant in Slovakia in 2007, along with Kia Motors Manufacturing in the State of Georgia, USA, in 2011.

of greenhouse gases (GHG). In 2006, we introduced Korea’s very fi rst three-stage GHG investigation process in our plants and service departments. We have been continuously monitoring and reducing GHG levels to ensure more environment-friendly operations as well as expanding this monitoring to our overseas operations.

To strengthen our energy management and control of greenhouse gases, we are currently preparing for certification to ISO 50001:2011, Energy management systems – Requirements with guidance for use. We expect the Gwangju facility in Korea to be our fi rst plant to earn certifi ca-tion later this year, and plan to be certifi ed to ISO 50001 for all our operational fi elds in the near future.

ISO Focus+ : How can Kia’s Social Responsibility Charter be an example for other car manufacturers ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : One of the main fac-tors that has enabled us to continue our success under the current tough economic conditions are our efforts to preserve the corporation’s core vision – to be a lifetime partner in automobiles – and beyond. With the goal of working towards this vision, we announced in 2008 that our corporate social responsibility (CSR) programme would focus on trust management, environment management and corporate social respon-sibility management.

We enacted our CSR charter in 2009 and, two years later, we introduced our own CSR index based on the ISO 26000:2010, Guidance on social responsibility, guide-lines to better scrutinize our performance. Furthermore, we included in Kia’s recently announced vision for 2016, the need to strengthen CSR management in areas related to the company’s eight main strategic goals. Kia’s Social Responsibility Charter is not just a declaration, it is part of our manage-ment philosophy and vision, which is now at the heart of all our global operations.

ISO Focus+ : What’s your perspective on the contribution of ISO 26000 toward helping the international community tackle today’s global challenges ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : As a corporate citizen, Kia has dedicated itself to better meet its corporate responsibilities. We strongly believe that our CSR efforts, based on the ISO 26000 guidelines, will be a tremendous help in overcoming numerous challenges.

About Kia

Kia Motors Corporation is part of the

Hyundai Motor Group, the fi fth-largest

automaker in the world. With its worldwide

headquarters in Seoul, Korea, and

operations in 149 countries, Kia has

annual sales in excess of 2.5 million

vehicles. A large part of Kia’s global

success is an understanding of the

importance of producing vehicles that

meet the needs of individual markets.

So Kia has research facilities, design

centres and assembly operations in North

America, Europe and Asia.

However, we also believe this is a duty. The current discussion on social respon-sibility has been limited to corporate social responsibility alone. ISO 26000 has expanded the role of social responsibility to all members of society, within which there are various groups and organizations with diverse, even confl icting, interests, and the level of complexity has expanded as a consequence.

Therefore, it is safe to say that the challenges we are facing today cannot be solved or settled by one specifi c group or domain. We, in different circumstances, must bring our efforts together to move in the right direction, in order to make optimal changes. ISO 26000 refl ects the currents in society, and its intended goals need to be fulfi lled.

More and more current owners are recommending Kia.

Since early 2012, we have been making gradual improvements to our IT system environment with the aim of strengthening our management structure and establishing more fi nely-tuned global environmental goals. With our current environmental management system, Kia has been able to post continuous improvements in environment-related measurements in all of our operational fi elds.

ISO Focus+ : Have you considered the implementation of other management system standards, such as ISO 50001 for energy management ?

Hyoung-Keun Lee : Since 2000, Kia has participated in a voluntary agreement (VA) to save energy and cut the emission

Hyoung-Keun Lee (left), Vice Chairman & CEO of Kia Motors Corp., and Achim Steiner (right), UN Under-Secretary General and Executive Director of UNEP, shake hands in May 2012 at Kia’s global headquarters in commeration of the ongoing partnership between the two organizations.


Sergio MarchionneChrysler Group and Fiat

Chairman of SGS and has been Chairman of CNH since 2006.

In 2010, he joined the board of directors of Exor S.p.A. Mr. Marchionne is also a Board Member of Philip Morris International Inc. and a mem-ber of the General Council of Confindustria (the main organiza-tion representing Italian manufac-turing and services companies), of Assonime (the association of Italian joint stock companies), and of ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association). He is a permanent member of the Fondazione Giovanni Agnelli. He is also a Board Member of the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Chairman of the Italian Branch of the Council of the United States in Italy. He has previously served as the non-ex-ecutive Vice Chairman and Senior Independent Director of UBS.

Mr. Marchionne holds a BA in Philosophy and Economics from the University of Toronto, and an LLB degree from Osgoode Law School, York University, Toronto. He also has an MBA and B.Com from the University of Windsor, in Canada. Additionally, Mr. Marchionne holds many honorary degrees from leading universities around the world. Mr. Marchionne has also been awarded the Italian honour of the Cavaliere del Lavoro.

Sergio Marchionne is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Chrysler Group LLC, Chief Operating Officer at NAFTA, CEO of Fiat S.p.A., and Chairman of Fiat Industrial S.p.A, including CNH, Iveco and FPT Industrial. His relationship with Chrysler dates back to 2009 when he was appointed Chief Executive Officer, a post he still holds. At Fiat, Mr. Marchionne continues to fulfill the roles of Chief Executive Officer, Fiat Group Automobiles (2005 to pres-ent), Chief Executive Officer, Fiat S.p.A. (2004 to present) and Board Member, Fiat S.p.A (2003 to present). In addition, he is also



ISO Focus+ : What is the strategic value of International Standards to big industrial groups like Fiat and Chrysler that operate in so many countries with an international workforce of more than 190 000 people ?

Sergio Marchionne : We do need standards ; the world needs standards. Standards help an enterprise manage business-critical issues, such as quality, environmental performance and safety.

what part did International Standards play in helping you achieve this ?

Sergio Marchionne : One thing I have learned as a CEO is that culture is everything. Fiat and Chrysler have adopted a culture that involves a commitment to meritocracy and excellence, the search for and cherishing of change, and the clear acknowledgment that we are accountable for our choices. Interna-tional Standards are perfectly consistent, and

reinforce these values. Aligning standards is one of the most important efforts Fiat and Chrysler are making in order to bring our organizations together.

The world needs standards.

The opportunity for innovation and standards need to go hand in hand.

The world needs standards.

A particular region of the world might have different regulatory standards than another one, but the use of International Standards forces us to judge our operations against the best in the world and steers us toward the use of best practices to accom-plish business requirements.

ISO Focus+ : You are known for turning around both Fiat and Chrysler and making them profi table companies and leading global players in the automotive industry. What is the secret of your success, and

Phot

o : M

otor

Tre

ndPh

oto :

Mot

or T

rend

2012 Fiat 500C.

Ferrari California Convertible.


Chrysler Group’s Headquarters in Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA.

Standards help an enterprise manage business-critical issues.

Chrysler Group LLC

Chrysler Group LLC, formed in 2009

from a global strategic alliance with Fiat

S.p.A., produces Chrysler, Jeep, Dodge,

Ram, SRT, Fiat and Mopar vehicles

and products. With the resources,

technology and worldwide distribution

network required to compete on a

global scale, the alliance builds on

Chrysler Group’s culture of innovation,

fi rst established by Walter P. Chrysler

in 1925, and Fiat’s complementary

technology that dates back to its

founding in 1899.

Headquartered in Auburn Hil ls,

Michigan, USA, Chrysler Group’s

product lineup features vehicles such

as the Chrysler 300, Jeep Wrangler,

Dodge Challenger and Ram 1500.

Fiat, of Italy, contributes world-class

technology, platforms and powertrains

for small- and medium-size cars,

allowing the Chrysler Group to offer

an expanded product line including

environmentally friendly vehicles.

We have also set specifi c targets for each sector to reduce the energy consumed (per unit value up to 30 % compared with 2009 levels) and carbon dioxide emissions (per unit value up to 35 % compared with 2009 amounts) by 2014. All these efforts are part of our ongoing commitment to a sustainable management of our industrial processes.

ISO Focus+ : Hundreds of experts in the automotive industry participate in the development of standards. What is the added value of this involvement for the industry in general, and for Fiat, in particular ?

Sergio Marchionne : By helping develop standards, you ensure they are fair and that the bar is set high. You do not want to have an “ easy ” standard that anyone can reach. Standards are benefi cial because they help an organization focus on best practices. Those just developing programmes can benefi t by using standards to help bring themselves up to the level of the world’s best.

ISO Focus+ : In a company like FIAT which has a strong propensity toward technological innovation for its prod-ucts and production processes, how do

ISO Focus+ : Can you describe the use made by FIAT of ISO’s management sys-tem standards – ISO 9001:2008, ISO/TS 16949:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 – and what value they have added ? Have you considered the implementation of other management system standards, such as ISO 50001 for energy management ?

Sergio Marchionne : By embracing Interna-tional Standards, we are able to incorporate third-party evaluation by unbiased auditors who look at different operations around the world.

This provides us with important infor-mation that helps inform our own deci-sion-making. The energy management systems of fi ve group plants are already ISO 50001-certifi ed and by 2014, all of our principal plants, which represent 92 % of the energy consumed by Fiat-Chrysler, will be ISO 50001-certifi ed.


2012 Chrysler 300.

2012 Ram 1500.

2012 Chrysler 300 interior.

International Standards allow the industry to move forward ? What new standards are needed to encourage innovation further ?

Sergio Marchionne : The opportunities for innovation and standards need to go hand in hand. It is the only way to advance innovation and address seriously the great challenges of pollution, security and energy savings. There are many examples of available technologies that have not found their way to the market because

it was missing an agreement as to what standard should be used.

involved in a severe accident, is just an example in Europe. Another one involves rules about the installation of compressed natural gas (CNG) pumps that, until they were removed two years ago, limited the spread of environmentally friendly CNG-powered vehicles.

ISO Focus+ : When you’re a global brand like FIAT, you no doubt need to pay close attention to your “ corporate citizenship ”. What’s your perspective on the contribu-tion of International Standards toward helping the international community to tackle global challenges such as climate change, sustainable development and social responsibility ?

Sergio Marchionne : For a business to be respected, it needs to respect the environ-ment and be socially responsible. Standards

Five group plants are already ISO 50001-certifi ed.

The E-Call, a system that sends an emer-gency call and location of a vehicle if it is

Phot

o : M

otor

Tre

nd

Phot

o : M

otor

Tre

nd

Phot

o : M

otor

Tre

nd


2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT8.

Standards are benefi cial because they help an organization focus on best practices.

that focus on these important challenges provide organizations with a framework against which their level of engagement in socially responsible behaviors can be measured.

In addition, standards in areas such as energy management combine the benefi ts of a business management tool linking energy management and business processes with the ability to meet growing global customer requirements for reduced greenhouse gas emissions and achieve tangible economic benefi ts through energy savings.

ISO Focus+ : As Chairman of SGS, one of the world’s leading certifi cation bodies, how do you see the future of certifi cation to ISO management system standards ?

Sergio Marchionne : Every organization is under growing pressure to create value for their customers, stakeholders and employees. This pressure continuously calls for bet-ter capabilities to innovate, manage risk, improve performance, comply with the regulatory environment, develop talents, enhance customer and supplier relation-ships and improve sustainability. Reliable management system standards are needed to help meet these diverse challenges and achieve tangible business benefi ts.

Phot

o : M

otor

Tre

ndPh

oto :

Mot

or T

rend

Phot

o : M

otor

Tre

nd

Ferrari FF.

Ferrari FF steering wheel.

1 0 H o w I S O s t a n d a r d s s u p p o r t g l o b a l c a r i n d u s t r y

Thomas WeberDaimler AG

Dr. Thomas Weber is Member of the Board of Management of Daimler AG, responsible for Group Research and Mercedes-Benz Cars Development.Following his apprenticeship as a toolmaker at then Daimler-Benz AG, he studied mechanical engineering at the University of Stuttgart.After attaining his doctorate de-gree in mechanical engineering in 1987, he returned to Daimler-Benz AG and assumed various mana-gerial functions in the Passenger Car and Commercial Vehicle Divisions. In 1994, he was appointed Project Manager for the planning and pro-duction of the new V-engine gen-eration for Mercedes-Benz passen-ger cars at the Untertürkheim plant and shortly afterwards assumed management of the new engine plant in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt. In 1998, he was appointed as Head of the entire Mercedes-Benz engine production in Stuttgart. From 1999, he was Head of the Rastatt passenger car plant. As of 2002, he also acted as spokesman for the Mercedes-Benz A-Class model series management.In January 2003, he be-came Member of the Board of Management of then DaimlerChrysler AG, respon-sible for Group Research and Technology. In addition, he took charge of then Mercedes Car Group Development in May 2004.Photo : Daimler AG

1 1H o w I S O s t a n d a r d s s u p p o r t g l o b a l c a r i n d u s t r y


ISO Focus+ : What are some of the major challenges in the automotive industry today and how do you overcome them ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : We all know that the oil era is over. Worldwide, we are also seeing a trend towards metropolization. As a consequence, by 2015, more than 600 million people will live in around 60 mega-cities worldwide. Furthermore, customers are increasingly buying “ green ” products and promoting a sustainable lifestyle. These are just some of the relevant megatrends that will fundamentally change people’s mobility requirements in the future.

Our answer is to combine fascination and responsibility within our products. We aim to offer tailor-made automobiles that fi t every customer need. And the way to get there is innovation. We work conse-quently to develop intelligent technologies on our way to emission- and accident-free individual mobility.

ISO Focus+ : What may be the added value of ISO standards to meet these challenges ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : The early adoption of internationally recognized standards serves to establish conditions for uniform regula-tion and effi cient technology development.

This not only enables investments to be planned, but also provides the basis for global competition and mature innovations.

ISO standards enable the creation of tech-nological principles that will allow electric mobility and the corresponding infrastruc-tures to be made available more quickly all over the world. Competing standards, on the other hand, are a disadvantage as technical solutions lead to incompatibility, and hence to economic uncertainty and additional cost. ISO plays a crucial role with a high degree of responsibility because it has to focus objectively on the various standardization interests to achieve one accepted solution.

ISO Focus+ : What role is Daimler playing in driving new vehicle technology (e.g. fuel cell technology) and safety standards today, and how do you expect that role to evolve in the future ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : As creators of automo-biles for the last 125 years, we will continue to lead the way to future mobility. We have repeatedly set groundbreaking milestones by making safer, more comfortable and sustainable vehicles. An example is our clean and economical high-tech combustion engines with BlueTEC or BlueDIRECT technology. We have also set a benchmark

International Standards prevent trade restrictions and promote access to global markets.

Photo : Daimler AG

Daimler electric vehicles with fuel cell and battery drive.

The smart fortwo electric drive while charging.


in terms of e-mobility using battery or fuel cell technology.

When it comes to safety, our require-ment goes far beyond the fulfi llment of crash test standards. It is our strategy to lead the way to accident-free driving – for all traffi c participants. This integral safety approach consists of the following phases : safe driving, i.e. avoiding risks, early warn-ing and assistance, preventive action in the case of risk, appropriate protection in the case of an accident, and the prevention of worse consequences and rapid assistance after an accident.

ISO Focus+ : World Standards Day, 14 October 2011, is devoted to the theme of global confi dence. With over 100 indi-vidual vehicle models distributed in 200 countries worldwide, what is the strategic importance of International Standards for Daimler AG, and how do they allow the company to maintain global confi dence ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : International Standards open doors for our products worldwide. We are a global player with globally located research, development and production sites. Therefore, we need to observe global standards. These serve to increase work effi ciency in our research and develop-ment, planning, procurement, production and after-sales operations and simplify the strong cooperation we enjoy with our technology partners.

The process of globalization means that uniform, globally recognized standards will become increasingly important. From our

perspective, International Standards must be incorporated in national regulations to promote uniform global conditions for the automotive industry. Such a process would continue to strengthen confi dence in International Standards.

ISO Focus+ : How is Daimler involved in the development and use of ISO stan-dards ? How does it assess their value in relations with customers, regulators, and other stakeholders ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : We are well aware of the importance of International Standards as a factor of economic success, and have a long history of actively participating in their development. And even today, more than 250 of our employees are currently participating in standardization activities

in some 450 working groups, with a par-ticular focus on ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles.

ISO Focus+ : What impact does ISO/TS 16949, Quality management systems – Particular requirements for the appli-cation of ISO 9001:2008 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations, have on the implementation of quality management systems within the automotive industry in general, and within Daimler AG in particular ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : In general, we focus our activities on customer requirements and expectations. One tool to achieve this is through the implementation of an active quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001. It ensures the quality of

About Daimler AG

The company’s founders, Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz, made history with the

invention of the automobile in the year 1886. 125 years later, in its anniversary year

2011, Daimler AG is one of the world’s most successful automotive companies. With its

divisions Mercedes-Benz Cars, Daimler Trucks, Mercedes-Benz Vans, Daimler Buses

and Daimler Financial Services, the Daimler Group is one of the biggest producers of

premium cars and the world’s biggest manufacturer of commercial vehicles with a global

reach. Daimler Financial Services provides its customers with a full range of automotive

fi nancial services including fi nancing, leasing, insurance and fl eet management.

As an automotive pioneer, Daimler continues to shape the future of mobility. The Group

applies innovative and green technologies to produce safe and superior vehicles which

fascinate and delight its customers. With the development of alternative drive systems,

Daimler is the only vehicle producer investing in all three technologies of hybrid drive,

electric motors and fuel cells, with the goal of achieving emission-free mobility in the

long term. This is just one example of how Daimler willingly accepts the challenge of

meeting its responsibility towards society and the environment.

Photo : Daimler AG

Photo : Daimler AG


processes and procedures and their continual improvement within the organization. This is necessary if we are to fulfi ll our claim to be a premium manufacturer. Therefore, our QMS is a core element of our corporate processes.

Our QMS is structured in accordance with ISO/TS 16949 and provides an effective management instrument that allows us to meet the most stringent demands.

ISO/TS 16949 is not only the internation-ally recognized quality document for the automotive industry, it is also applicable throughout the entire automotive industry supply chain. Certifi cation to ISO/TS 16949 serves to increase the confi dence of automo-tive manufacturers (OEMs) in the system and process quality of a supplier. Nowadays, without a valid certifi cation it is virtually

impossible for a supplier to supply series parts to an automotive supplier or OEM.

ISO Focus+ : Do you have a perspective on new standards like ISO 26000 on social responsibility and ISO 50001 on energy management ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : We recognized the need for ISO 26000 at an early stage and were involved in its development from the very start. These standards create the condi-tions under which industrial companies can operate. They demonstrate the industry’s willingness to interact responsibly with its environment and provide a sustainable benefi t to the company. Therefore, we support both ISO 26000 and ISO 50001, which are integral elements of our corporate strategy. The social responsibility aspects form the basis for our corporate actions and are monitored by our Corporate Sustainability Board.

ISO Focus+ : Recent increases in trans-portation fuel prices and the growing importance of reducing carbon dioxide emissions have led the auto industry and world governments to reexamine the role of electric vehicles in the automotive market

place. How does Daimler view its role in the electric vehicles business ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : It is clear that dif-ferent technologies must be available in order to fulfi ll the various global mobility requirements. We are focusing on high-tech combustion engines, innovative hybrid drive systems and electric drive systems that enable emission-free driving.

The battery-powered vehicle is just one part of the solution : plug-in hybrids, range extenders and fuel cell vehicles round off our alternative drive system portfolio. This is supplemented by ideas for future-oriented mobility concepts, particularly for urban regions, such as our innovative “ car2go ” car-sharing model. A critical factor in our

Photo : Daimler AG

Photo : Daimler AGPhoto : Daimler AG

Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Roadster.

Mercedes-Benz M-Class ML 350.Mercedes-Benz C-Class Coupe, T-Model and Limousine.


success is that these innovations must also achieve a marketable cost position. We are addressing this challenge internally with intelligent vehicle architectures and modular concepts for small and large vehicles. I am extremely optimistic on this front.

ISO Focus+ : What new International Standards for electric vehicles would Daimler like to see coming out of ISO ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : In brief, the automo-bile industry needs International Standards for the electrifi cation of vehicles – as fast as possible. The development of electric vehicles and their broad market introduc-tion requires new standards related to the high voltage components in the vehicle. So far, all vehicle-related standards have been adopted by ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has processed all electrification standards outside the vehicle.

Now, for the development of a charging interface of the electric vehicles, a deeper coordination of the activities between ISO and IEC is necessary. A good example is the ISO/IEC Joint Working Group Vehicle to Grid – Communication Interface. There

are more than 100 participants on the Joint Working Group, with active collaboration from OEMs, electric utilities and grid opera-tors, as well as information/communication technology companies, specifying the future ISO/IEC 15118.

work hand-in-hand with companies such as Daimler to better understand the needs of the car industry. What can ISO do, in your opinion, to better serve Daimler ? Are there areas for which Daimler would like to see more or different ISO standards ?

Dr. Thomas Weber : For an internationally active company, it is extremely important that uniform International Standards are developed quickly and effi ciently. Interna-tional Standards prevent trade restrictions and promote access to global markets.

National and regional standards result in increased expense within the automotive industry, and often lead to incompatible stand-alone solutions. We can see how international standardization bodies are driving ahead with parallel standardization activities in the area of electric mobility.

For ISO, this is a unique opportunity to integrate these activities and develop standards that can be applied around the world. Only common standards, e.g. ISO with IEC, SAE and SAC, help the industry and create uniform worldwide general condi-tions. This will provide the groundwork for a defi nitive breakthrough for the mobility of the future.

More than 250 of our employees are participating in standardization activities.

Photo : Daimler AG

This broad industry collaboration ensures a final standard with acceptance by all stakeholders, thereby leading to acceler-ated implementation. To sum it up : my recommendation is to standardize electrifi ed vehicle-related aspects like charging, HV Safety, etc. in joint working groups and release them through ISO. It is important to describe the basic main requirements and to leave the detailed technical solution open.

ISO Focus+ : As the world’s leading provider of high quality, globally relevant International Standards, ISO wants to

Daimler local-emission free vehicles.


Tom PurvesRolls-Royce Motor Cars

Tom Purves is the Chief Executive Officer of Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, a position he has held since July 2008. He has spent his whole working life in the automotive industry, beginning with Rolls-Royce as an apprentice engineer at Crewe, United Kingdom, in 1967. His role with the company evolved to include several management positions in various fields including sales in Europe, Africa and the Middle East.Prior to his appointment as CEO of Rolls-Royce, Mr. Purves was Chairman and CEO of BMW (US) Holding Corp., and President of BMW of North America, LLC. He led the company to achieve groundbreaking success, with market share and sales of BMW Group vehicles more than doubling during his tenure. During his tenure with BMW (GB) Ltd, Great Britain became the second largest BMW export market after the USA. In addition, he was responsible for the successful launch of the MINI in North America. Mr. Purves is mar-ried with two children and in his free time enjoys golf, music and motorcycling.

ISO Focus+ : Rolls-Royce Motor Cars is a global brand which, for many people, is associated with ideas of luxury, exclusiv-ity and customization. At the same time, motor car manufacturing is an industry depending on truly global supply chains and characterized by a high degree of standardization to ensure compatibility, safety and interoperability. Have you any idea of the number of technical standards that go into the manufacture of Rolls-Royce cars ? How does Rolls-Royce navigate between these poles of exclusivity and standardization ?

Tom Purves : Rolls-Royce Motor Cars produces motor cars that are built to order for every customer, from the initial paint-ing, through to wood and leather choices. We also have a department which works exclusively on one-off bespoke items to meet and exceed our customer expectations.

Every part used on the car is constructed to specifi c ISO requirements, ranging from screws used to fi t interior fi ttings, to the alu-minium spaceframe of the Phantom model series. We are in constant communication with our supply chain management team to ensure they meet our requirements and that of ISO 9001:2008.

ISO Focus+ : Does Rolls-Royce send experts to participate in the development of standards for the automotive sector ? If so, can you give details ? If not, doesn't it mean that you're not at the table when standards which could influence your business are being developed ?

Tom Purves : As part of the wider BMW Group, Rolls-Royce is represented in the development of standards. BMW Group infl uences the standards development process to ensure the best possible improvements for the Group as a whole.

BMW Group is a member of the Inter-national Automotive Task Force (IATF) which was responsible for the development of ISO/TS 16949:2009, Quality management systems – Particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2008 for automo-tive production and relevant service part

© R

olls

-Roy

ce



© Rolls-Royce

© Rolls-Royce

organizations, the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) and the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA).

ISO Focus+ : Does Rolls-Royce make use of management system standards such as ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 ? What benefi ts do they bring you ? Are your man-agement systems certifi ed – if so, what added value do you see in third-party certifi cation ?

Tom Purves : Rolls-Royce is part of a matrix certifi cation within BMW Group for both ISO 9001 and ISO 14001. Certifi cation helps with customer/supplier development as our requirements are clearly defi ned. This, in turn, ensures that product and problem management are effi ciently developed.

Third-party certifi cation provides us with an independent validation of our systems as well as providing consultation on best practice amongst our peers. It also dem-

onstrates to our customers our continuing track record of quality excellence.

ISO Focus+ : Have you considered the implementation of other management sys-tem standards, such as ISO/IEC 27001:2005 for information security ?

Tom Purves : Rolls-Royce builds cars us-ing ISO 9001 and references ISO/TS 16949 for best practice.

BMW Group R&D processes are certi-fi ed to ISO/IEC 27001, but this is currently not required for manufacturing plants. As a globally operating organization, Rolls-Royce and BMW Group manage numerous risks. Consequently, we have implemented a solid centrally co-ordinated risk man-agement system, which incorporates new standards, principles and practices in order to further develop our risk management.

ISO Focus+ : It has been said that ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 have brought standards to the attention of top management. How true is this in the case of Rolls-Royce ? More generally, in today’s global markets, do you perceive of International Standards as having strategic importance for you ? What developments would add value for you ?

Tom Purves : International Standards provide the automotive industry with an opportunity to market brands and work with global supply networks to ensure they meet requirements. At Rolls-Royce, we have a


philosophy of continuous improvement and value added processes. Further development by ISO to the associated standards assists with these principles.

ISO Focus+ : When you're a global brand like Rolls-Royce, you no doubt need to pay close attention to your "corporate citizenship". What's your perspective on the contribution of International Standards toward helping the international commu-nity to tackle global challenges such as climate change, sustainable development and social responsibility ?

Tom Purves : International Standards bring together like-minded people to tackle is-sues of high importance to our community. These standards help companies translate ethical principles into effective actions. Rolls-Royce strives to produce cars as sustainably as possible, to do this we work closely with the BMW Group’s Effi cient Dynamics project.

Rolls-Royce overview

Since 1904, Rolls-Royce has created instantly recognizable motor cars that have

made the marque an enduring icon all over the world.

Rolls-Royce Phantom redefi ned the marque for the 21st century – a fi tting celebration

of the principles of Sir Henry Royce. This continuing pursuit of innovation, realized

in the Rolls-Royce EX programme and the models it has produced, has created

new benchmarks for the industry. The launch of Ghost marks the next stage in the

evolution of the marque.

To develop and build the most technologically advanced car of its kind Rolls-Royce

has invested heavily in its people and its facilities at Goodwood, United Kingdom. This

investment will help the marque develop new models that will let continue to grow

the company’s reputation.

As well as our purpose built site, designed to minimize impact upon the environ-ment, we also ensure that our product is class leader for its segment. For example, aluminium for the Phantom spaceframe is produced using hydro-electric power and its engine produces the lowest amount of carbon dioxide in its class.

All our cars are produced in a way which ensures that they are fully (85 %) recyclable, should they ever reach the end of their vi-ability. Around 65 % of all Royce-Royce motor cars ever built are still road-worthy.

ISO Focus+ : In a number of recent publications (July-August 2009 issue of ISO Focus, 2008 ISO Annual Report, Today's state-of-the-art global solutions for CEOs), ISO has sought to show how International Standards can help to renew business confi dence in the context of the worldwide fi nancial turmoil. Have they opened your eyes to new possibilities of using ISO standards ? As a top CEO, do they communicate to you ?

Tom Purves : The ISO Focus magazine provides the automotive industry with a useful tool for highlighting future advan-tages and delivering enhanced effi ciencies. It includes many examples of global eco-nomic, social and environmental benefi ts of implementing ISO standards presenting a thought-provoking document that creates genuine interest in ISO products.

© Rolls-Royce

© Rolls-Royce


business coe fi nancial t

o new possibip CEO, do

e,

produced usinproduces the lowest amhe

y's state-of-the-art ghas sought to show

help to rext

worldwide fi nanopened your ey

Ar t icles ISO Focus+

Today, 95 % of cars run on oil.

Mikhail GorbachevNobel Peace Prize laureate

Mikhail Gorbachev was the last head of state of the Soviet Union, having served from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize “ for his leading role in the peace process which today characterizes important parts of the international community ” in 1990.

ISO Focus+ : At the ISO President’s Forum on the Future of Vehicles in Geneva, you spoke to industry leaders about the real issues of concern to automotive transport. Can you expand on this ?

Mikhail Gorbachev : The problems of automotive transport have long since ceased to be purely technical or economic. These problems encompass nearly everything that worries us in today’s world.

Leaders in the automotive industry are now demonstrating greater understanding than simply developing the sector in a linear manner, i.e. increasing productivity and developing new markets – that may lead to a dead end.

Even as far back as 1992, when meeting with the former US Secretary of State, George Shultz, and a group of scholars at Stanford University, I asked the fol-lowing question : from the standpoint of resources and the environment : “ Would it be acceptable if developing nations, with their billions of people, copy the West’s current development trajectory of increasing production and consumption ? Would our planet be able to withstand such a burden ? ”

Today, we are calling the current situation a crisis of the entire economic model based on maximum profits and hyper-consumption. It has become even clearer that the possibility I spoke about at Stanford is inadmissible.Ph

oto :

Mag

ali G

irard

in/IS

O


A r t i c l e I S O F o c u s +

We are not trying to put everyone on trams or bicycles in the immediate future.

Naturally, the current model cannot simply be liquidated or changed overnight. However, we must emphatically seek new approaches, which will serve to form an alternative model, and the automotive sector can play an important role in this.

Today, 95 % of cars run on oil. In 20 years, there has not been any signifi cant reduction in average fuel consumption.

I know that in the automotive industry, there is an ongoing search for technical solutions to make cars lighter, more aero-dynamic and more economical, and to make the factories producing them more compact and cleaner. This is very important.

ISO Focus+ : To what extent has the auto-motive industry evolved to meet today’s needs and how must it better serve its growing customer base ?

Mikhail Gorbachev : If you look ahead, you must take into account that society and the environment will put increasing pressure on the automotive culture itself. After all, the world should not be held hostage by the automobile. Over the course of the 20th century, the automobile has crowded out people, and we are witnessing a situation where cars are not serving people so much as people are serving cars. And if we already have one billion cars in the world today, then I do not think we should hasten the production of a second billion.

Naturally, we are not trying to put every-one on trams or bicycles in the immediate

future, but in my view there is a clear move-ment in this direction and the automotive industry must not fear this. The demand for their products will be maintained in a new framework and under different conditions, and we must prepare for the future, because whether we like it or not, it will come.

ISO Focus+ : What is the business case for investing in socially and environmen-tally responsible actions that may not be immediately benefi cial to productivity or the bottom line or economic success in a competitive market ?

Mikhail Gorbachev : The technical and human potential concentrated in the automotive industry is enormous, and if we relate it to modern trends and social needs, it can be used to work profi tably and responsibly. There was a time when the industry was among the fi rst to demonstrate social accountability through collective


UN Millennium Goals), as well as their environmental commitments, are being fulfi lled very slowly, and sometimes exist only on paper.

ISO Focus+: Can you describe the use made by car makers of environmentally-friendly processes and products – how can political leaders help ?

Mikhail Gorbachev : The adoption of alternative and renewable energy sources is progressing very slowly. The reason for this is that, until now, we have not found the mechanisms to stimulate transferring to these sources of energy. However, the main cause is a lack of political will. Here, politi-cal leaders must show some accountability.

Now is the time to demonstrate environmental responsibility.

Political leaders must show some accountability.

You probably know that after stepping down from my post as President, I became involved in a number of projects and ini-tiatives and I have been able to achieve a great deal.

One example is the Gorbachev Foun-dation, which has become a respected centre for independent political and socio-economic research and is home to archives and other materials on the history of perestroika (the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system).

Another is the New Policy Forum as well as the World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates, which has pioneered major initia-tives concerning security and development problems.

Yet another is the Man Who Changed the World Prize, where we celebrate people giving unique input into creating a new world with greater justice and stability.

I am also involved in philanthropic projects, particularly in the fi ght against childhood leukaemia, which have greatly reduced mortality from this disease in Russia.

agreements with unions, medical and social programmes, etc., and it only benefi ted from this. Now, it is time to demonstrate environmental responsibility. Ultimately, everyone will benefi t from this.

Demonstrate this example to others. After all, we are in a very serious situa-tion. The commitments made by states to fi ght poverty and underdevelopment (the

Finally, the project I consider most important is Green Cross International. I am the president and founder of this envi-ronmental organization. There are many different reasons for this, which developed over the course of my entire life.

ISO Focus+: What is the strategic value of International Standards to the automo-tive sector ?

Mikhail Gorbachev : Clearly, with more than a billion estimated road vehicles in use worldwide, if the automotive sector uses state-of-the-art standards for aspects such as safety, performance, impact on the environment, and requirements for supply chain partners, this can have an enormous impact on all three dimensions of sustain-able development – social, environmental and economic. The importance of this challenge is refl ected by ISO’s response.

Out of a current total of more than 19 000 ISO International Standards for almost all sectors of business and technology, more than 1 000 have been developed for road vehicles and related technologies, such as intelligent transport systems.


Prof. Richard Parry-Jones, CBE 1), was Vice President, Global Product Development, and Chief Technical Officer at Ford Motor Company until his retirement in 2007. In a 38-year career with Ford, Prof. Parry-Jones worked in many areas of the company’s organization and, as a senior leader, oversaw product development activities for all Ford vehicles worldwide, as well as the design, research and vehicle technology functions. As Chief Technical Officer, he reported to the company’s Board of Directors on technical matters, heading a technical staff of 30 000 engineers, scientists, designers and business professionals in North America, Europe,

Richard Parry-Jones

Internationally renowned car guru

Latin America and the Asia-Pacific region, and working on Ford, Lincoln, Jaguar, Volvo, Land Rover, and Aston Martin brands. Included in his wide range of duties was responsibility for product safety and environmental initiatives. Prof. Parry-Jones is the current Chair of the United Kingdom Government Automotive Council Industry, and Pro Chancellor and Visiting Professor in Automotive Engineering at Loughborough University and runs his own consulting company. www.rpj-consulting.com

1) Commander of the Order of the British Empire.



ISO Focus+ : You have been quoted as suggesting that “ building a ‘ supercar ’ is much easier than creating excellence for the millions ”. Could you please elaborate on this ?

Prof. Richard Parry-Jones : There are two main reasons why I hold that view. One is that when you are trying to build a car for millions of different customers, they have a lot of competing needs. It is very diffi cult to fi nd trade-offs to satisfy everybody.

For example, some people may want a car with a low-slung roof line, but they do not want to lose interior headroom. They would like a compact vehicle, but they want to be able to fi t their children in with all their paraphernalia (pushchairs, etc.). They would like high performance, but cannot really afford the fuel to go with that performance.

materials or lots of highly paid craftsmen to offer a product to the customer.

You have to be able to use low-cost mate-rials, produced with a minimum of waste and that are compatible with high-speed automated manufacturing processes. You have to think about a whole raft of factors. I am not saying “ supercar ” manufacturers do not need to worry about cost or that their jobs are easy, but I can assure you, having done both, that the cost challenges for a car for the millions are much harder to resolve.

ISO Focus+ : In your view, what is the relationship between International Stan-dards and innovation for the automotive industry ? Is there a right moment for the development of standards for new technologies ? You mentioned “ fi nding that sweet spot ”.

Prof. Richard Parry-Jones : The fi rst point I would make is I do not think there is a generic answer to this question in the sense that it very much depends upon with which particular technology the innovation is concerned. Some innovations, some tech-nologies, will require different approaches to standards than others.

As we discussed at the ISO President’s Forum, when technologies are in the early phases of competing with each other to create an innovative performance jump, the intro-duction of standards has to be handled very carefully. If standards are too prescriptive and too premature, they can actually inhibit innovation rather than promote it, because it will not yet be clear which technologies are going to be the dominant winners.

If, of course, we leave the creation of standards too late, then several versions

The ISO President’s Forum took place on in December 2011, in Geneva.

A “ supercar ” exaggerates one or two attributes.

A “ supercar ” exaggerates one or two attributes – but compromises many others. The cars people are going to fi nd use for every day have to do a much greater range of things than a “ supercar ” which only has to do a few things exceptionally well.

And a second major reason why it is more diffi cult, in my view, to produce a car for the millions, is that you have to manufacture something that can be produced at a really affordable price. Therefore, you need to fi nd engineering solutions that do not use exotic


of a given technology will gain a suffi cient foothold in the marketplace with different standard operating interfaces. This will then create signifi cant economies of scale and it will be very hard to persuade the people who invested a lot of money in their technologies, to migrate towards a common standard because many will lose out, re-tooling and re-doing their stuff.

and maybe another 400 000 units elsewhere in the world. With a total of 1.2 million Passats – pretty straightforward, economi-cally attractive.

Nowadays, the customer choice has become very broad, and annual sales volumes per individual model derivative have been reduced – this is what we call fragmenta-tion. The industry attempts to counter the negative cost implications of fragmentation by being the fi rst mover. The fi rst mover gets a revenue premium, but once that new segment has been exploited by multiple competitors, that premium disappears and costs then need to be reduced for the suc-cessor derivative.

This is done by sourcing and designing it for global sales. For example, although sold in Europe, a four-door Focus will no longer be manufactured in Europe, but in its primary market, China, where there is a huge demand for four-door cars over fi ve-door cars. This cross-globalization of derivatives brings a new economic impera-tive to create standards that are global as opposed to regional.

The second driver of International Standards is the carbon dioxide reduction challenge that the industry faces, which is leading towards electrifi cation. That trend generates a need to interface with the elec-trical supply infrastructure.

This new challenge is akin to creating a road system in a medieval country. There is already a lot of architecture and infrastructure

installed ; we need to fi nd ways to adapt what already exists.

With the electrical supply industry already having a number of regional standards which are notoriously lacking in compatibility for a whole variety of technical criteria, we have a huge challenge to create products that can interface with this pre-existing, non-uniform electrical supply infrastructure. Dealing with this situation will require more stakeholder involvement, and a truly international approach.

The problem is that as far as the auto-motive industry is concerned, each region has its own standards, Japanese, American and European, rather than relying on ISO standards. And as long as these three regions do not accept the superordinate role of any one International Standard, the challenge will go on.

ISO Focus+ : The automotive press has called you a “ driving dynamics guru ” and “ one of the world’s leading automotive engineers ”. As such, where do you see the industry heading in the next 10 to 20 years ? Where do International Standards fi t into your vision of the future ?

Prof. Richard Parry-Jones : Clearly, we are going to be driving more and more cars that are smaller and aimed more at urban use.

Today’s cars are really completely ubiquitous. A customer can buy a Fiat 500 or a Range Rover and drive either

Standards can accelerate the adoption and lower the cost of adoption.

That is how we arrive at the idea of a “ sweet spot ” somewhere between the chaos of multiple solutions being offered early on – which is a necessary part of innova-tion – and the arrival at a defi nitive choice when a group of technologies emerge as likely winners. Standards can accelerate the adoption and lower the cost of adoption. But standards must dictate only outcomes and interfaces, not become overly prescriptive so that innovation can continue within the broad framework that the standards defi ne.

ISO Focus+ : What are the unique chal-lenges for standardization of the automotive industry ? How can ISO and International Standards help add value to innovative efforts and meet the industry’s needs ?

Prof. Richard Parry-Jones : I think of the unique challenges – the one worth picking out is the absolutely enormous scale of the automotive industry : it completely dwarfs the size of most other industries in terms of turnover. A challenge associated with that scale is that it is possible to achieve scale economies on a regional basis. The incremental advantages of global scale economies over regional ones are rela-tively small.

But the industry is becoming more and more global as consumers’demands for the core model ranges (VW Golf-sized vehicles and VW Passat-sized vehicles) are converging rapidly. As all countries face similar challenges, there is a new economic incentive to create standards that are driven by two factors. First, is what we call the fragmentation of the industry. What I mean by that is in the past a manufacturer would produce a four-door Passat-type car and might reasonably expect to sell 400 000 units in Europe, 400 000 units in the USA


The third major trend is, of course, elec-trifi cation. I believe that electrifi cation will not take place in a, let us say, “ monocultural fashion ”. There will be multiple solutions that will be viable for many, many years. Batteries will continue to have signifi cant shortfalls (e.g. in their capacity to store energy and therefore their range, and also in their extremely high cost). I think, battery electric vehicles with no liquid fuel or gaseous fuel, will be restricted for many years to the urban role, but their numbers will increase.

Then we shall see, I would say, the vehicle which is most like the vehicle we are used to today: the ubiquitous one. It will prob-ably be a plug-in series hybrid, so it will take much of its energy from the electrical grid and use that energy for short journeys, commuting and urban work, but it will have an on-board small gaseous or liquid fuel engine to be used as a range extender. It will kick in spontaneously when the jour-ney demanded by the customer requires a greater range than the battery can provide.

The third type of vehicle will be what we call the highway trunker (a trunk-road vehicle) which is built for highway driving, and is really designed for effi cient long distance business use. Potential custom-ers will include drivers of freight vehicles as well as business cars and these will have internal combustion engines, a small amount of hybridization – but not much – and, in the future, they will be powered

we shall probably be driving a 1.2-litre, three-cylinder engine, pressure-charged, delivering better performance with between 20 and 25 % lower CO2. Petrol engines will become more effi cient faster than diesel engines ending the almost steady increase in diesel penetration.

Electrifi cation will not take place in a, let us say, “ monocultural fashion ”.

of them from Hamburg to Bologna; they will both do the job very well. Granted, the Range Rover might get you there a bit more comfortably and it might defeat the Alps with greater aplomb. Both cars will also get you down to the local supermarket, although the Range Rover might be a little more diffi cult to park.

So what we have got in today’s cars is an incredible amount of “ mission ubiquity ”. This means they are able to perform many, many missions, spontaneously, on demand. But reducing carbon emissions from 160 g to 40 g/km involves more effi cient vehicles that give up capability which few customers ever use. In other words, we are going to have to design them to be less ubiquitous and more mission-specifi c – for example, more urban. Drivers’ needs for the longer journey vehicle may be met in other ways.

The next big trend I predict is much, much smaller engines. Today we are all used to driving, let us say, a two-litre engine with four cylinders in either a Ford Focus or VW Passat-type vehicle. Tomorrow


Today, each car interacts with the information gathered around the road system.

The industry is changing and becoming more and more global.

ample warning that there may be a hazard on the road ahead. If you think about driv-ing on the freeway and a car is stopped in the outside lane, maybe one kilometre ahead, that car will be sending a signal to all the cars around it, letting them know that there is a danger ahead and to start slowing down.

by biofuels. This scenario will reduce the emissions of a fl eet down to below 40 g/km which is where the industry needs to get to by around 2030-2035.

Finally, all cars will continue to get more comfortable, and safer and we will see the fourth major trend : vehicles will start to communicate with each other intelligently.

At the moment, as you know, we now have SAT NAV systems where cars receive information from an infrastructure in space to help drivers make decisions on the best route. We also have radio data systems which provide traffi c information via radio waves, sometimes automatically modifying the route in the SAT NAV.

Today, each car interacts with the infor-mation gathered around the road system, collated in the information infrastructure and then shared with multiple vehicles. But in the near future, cars will start to commu-nicate with each other instead, exchanging information about where they are, at what speed they are being driven and in what direction they are going.

In the case of cars within one or two kilometres of each other, that will give

Within a shorter range, for example, up to 100 metres, we will be looking at accident avoidance. If a car’s trajectory looks as though it may pose a threat to another car, the driver will be provided with information in the fi rst instance and, where necessary, a car will take its own autonomous action to prevent a collision. This technology can also be used to reduce congestion.

To achieve all these benefi ts to society and customers in terms of emissions, congestion and safety, we will require International Standards for communications, so that every car can talk to another reliably and securely.

ISO Focus+ : Finally, given all the regional manufacturers’ associations all over the world, which, at times, may cause fragmentation and friction, what are your thoughts on the establishment of a global manufacturers’ association ? What are the benefi ts of this approach ? Is there a role for ISO ?

Prof. Richard Parry-Jones : I think that for the reasons I described earlier, it is clear that the industry is changing and becoming more and more global. Yet, just as the standards organizations have grown up around regional spheres of infl uence, so have manufacturing associations, almost in parallel.

Just as I have argued that there needs to be a forum or an authority for taking action on International Standards, I think there are also arguments for why there should be a forum for international automotive manufacturers to meet and fi nd areas of common purpose and use that common purpose to bring their infl uence to bear on a) each other, b) governments in terms of giving them better information about future policy and c) on matters such as pushing for International Standards as opposed to regional standards, where those are appropriate.


Running on state-of-the-art ISO standardsNearly 1 000 ISO standards have been developed for the automotive industry covering all aspects : safety, ergonomics, performance, test methods, the environment, and the roll-out of innovative technologies.

Below are just a few highlights.

Ergonomic aspects

Diagnostic communication

over Internet Protocol (DOIP)

Diagnostic communication over

Controller Area Network (DoCAN)

Brake lining friction

materials

Communications access for land mobiles

(CALM)

ISOFIX 1)

1) ISOFIX attachment system for connecting the child car seat to the vehicle.

Functional safety

Electronic registration identifi cation

(ERI)

ITS service and multimedia provision

in vehicles

Pedestrian protection – impact

test methods

Electrically propelled road

vehicles

Adaptive cruise control

systems

Symbols for controls, indicators

and tell-tales

Driver’s eye location

International

Organization for

Standardization

From the boardroomThe bottom line on International Standards

Photo : Kia Motors Corporation

Photo : Audi AG




Hyoung-Keun LeeVice Chairman & CEO Kia Motors Corporation

If the global automotive indus-try combined efforts to invigo-rate current ISO activities, car manufacturers, motorists and our planet would all benefit. Greater cooperation could also lead to an even broader range of car-related technology standards.

Previously considered simply as a mode of transport, cars are now seen by many consumers as an essential part of everyday life. Cars have evolved to refl ect the com-plexity of modern lifestyles, meeting our needs and expectations in terms of comfort, convenience, eco-friendliness, safety and entertainment, while on the move.

Better informed and smarter than ever, today’s car buyers are demanding more fea-tures, better quality, improved economy and even better value. The world’s automotive

manufacturers face a diffi cult task: meet-ing these growing consumer demands; and generating sales and profi ts in competitive markets and tough economic conditions.

Technology and cooperation

For car manufacturers, these trends have created both opportunities and challenges. I believe the best strategy for Kia Motors is to innovate and develop advanced tech-nologies, while building partnerships with other vehicle manufacturers.

In the spirit of cooperation, I propose much greater international automotive standardiza-tion. This will require the combined efforts of all industry players and an industry-wide revolution if car-related certifi cations and new technology standards are to be uniformly adopted. Such a move would bring great benefi ts, especially as Japan, Europe, the USA and other markets currently operate their own industry measures in the areas of safety and the environment.

At Kia, we feel that all industry play-ers should join in actively supporting the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29), organized by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. This group is reviewing the technical and legal aspects of car certifi ca-tion relating to fuel emissions, energy use, crash safety, lighting systems, drivetrains, brakes, noise, general safety and global technical regulations.

An industry need

The issue of International Standards’ diversity also applies to electric vehicles (EV). In June 2011, South Korea introduced its own national standardization relating to electric car recharging. Meanwhile, Japan, the USA and Europe are following their own “ local ” standards.

However, if we can establish viable International Standards, future EV users can have easy access to recharging facilities and eliminate “ range anxiety ”, the doubt about reaching a destination before running out of power.

Two other important areas demand the adoption of global International Standards : intelligent technology and recycling.

For customers’ convenience and safety, car manufacturers should consider introduc-ing common International Standards for “ intelligent car technology ”, encompassing navigation and “ infotainment ” systems, to facilitate integration and cost-effective deployment. Car makers also need to direct efforts and funds towards creating Interna-tional Standards for car resource recycling to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Why we must act

Kia wants to introduce new models that are appealing to customers worldwide, while helping to reduce the impact of car manufacturing and car ownership on the environment. As key parts of our drive towards ever greater environmental and social responsibility, we are increasing our industry cooperation and lobbying for a broad range of global standards. Photo : Kia Motors Corporation



Phot

o : K

ia M

otor

s C

orpo

ratio

n

Martin ConradsHead of Information Services and Standards – Audi AG

Since cars are available in every country worldwide, International Standards are both beneficial and necessary. In the automotive sector, efforts in standardization are focused on ISO activities.

For Audi, International Standards open the worldwide supplier market. Standardized components give our customers remarkable added value, for example with the ISOFIX child seat interface.

Safety is an important issue in the auto-motive industry and at Audi we constantly strive to make our cars safer. In addition to the regulatory requirements, many Interna-tional Standards help to improve safety for car occupants and other road users. Globally accepted safety standards reduce the need for further regulation.

To guarantee their global acceptance, International Standards must follow and sat-isfy a worldwide consensus-fi nding process.

New e-mobility technologies require new standards in a particularly short time. This urgency also applies in communication protocols, energy storage, high-voltage networks, thermal management and some other areas of the automotive industry.

attitudes. For example, standards bodies in Europe and the USA are now discussing joint approaches and will hold a transatlantic e-mobility meeting in early 2012.

A critical mass of car manufacturers has also agreed on a common charging approach for electric vehicles in Europe and the USA. This will reduce build complexity for manufacturers, accelerate the installation of common systems internationally and, most importantly, improve the ownership experience for electric vehicle customers.

While the production of ISO standards certainly draws on some industry resources, the benefi ts far outweigh the costs.

The technology convergence of mechan-ical and electric/electronic systems makes it increasingly difficult to define one responsible committee for the standardiza-tion of a new subject. ISO, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) need to increase their cooperation to offer industry-concerted global solutions.

We believe the Transatlantic Economic Council initiative has already improved

International Standards open the worldwide supplier market.

Photo : Audi AG

Photo : Audi AG

Photo : Audi AG

Phot

o : A

udi A

G

Photo : Audi AG


Bentley fi rst with ISO 50001Car maker implements energy

management standard

by Michael Straughan

Bentley, one of the most famous automotive marques, combines fine craftsmanship with engineering expertise and cutting-edge tech-nology to create some of the world’s finest motorcars. However, the company’s pursuit of excellence does not stop with the turn of the ignition key. Energy management is a fundamental area of focus and Bentley Motors has now become the first United Kingdom automo-tive plant to implement and certify to ISO 50001:2011 Energy man-agement systems – Requirements with guidance for use.

For Bentley, leadership is not just about being the major player in the high-end luxury automotive sector, it is also about leading the sector in other aspects – skills, employment and, increasingly, environ-mental performance.

Like any competitor, we are judged on results. Our track record, however, is good. We were one of the fi rst UK plants to achieve ISO 14001 certifi cation for environmental

management, the fi rst in our sector to set out a clear strategy for reducing our impact on the environment, and we are now the fi rst UK automotive plant to certify to the new ISO 50001 energy management standard.

For Bentley to achieve these certifi cations, and be the fi rst in its sector to do so, is no mean feat. Unlike most car companies, all Bentley’s operations – from design through engineering and production and

on to sales and marketing – take place at a single location in Pyms Lane, Crewe, in the United Kingdom.

This historic site dates back to 1938, when its initial purpose was to build the famous Merlin aeroplane engines for the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War, followed by the switch to car production in 1946. The takeover of the company by Volkswagen in 1998 saw a period of sustained investment both in new products and facilities, but most of the buildings themselves are remnants of another era.

The new Bentley Continental GT V8, launched at the North American International Auto Show, Detroit, in January, 2012, exemplifi es the company’s energy savings targets by achieving a 40 % improvement in fuel economy.

Photo : Bentley

Michael Straughan, Board Member, Manufacturing, Bentley Motors.

Photo : Bentley



Energy review meetings are held monthly.

The ISO 50001 system runs in real time.

Today. the company employs around 4 000 people at the Pyms Lane site, pro-ducing high performance luxury cars for established markets in Europe and the USA, as well as emerging markets such as China and South America.

21st century standards

The challenge has always been, therefore, to bring the famous plant up to the stan-dards of 21st century motor manufacturing. Achieving ISO 50001 certifi cation is proof of this commitment.

As Bentley’s car production increased ten-fold between 2002 and 2007, there was no commensurate increase in our environmental impact, meaning that energy costs per vehicle plummeted over the same period, helping the bottom line.

Bentley has reduced water consumption by half in the body coating process as part of its ISO 50001-based energy management and ISO 14001-based environmental management systems.

Energy saving initiatives at Bentley’s ISO 50001 certifi ed manufacturing plant have resulted in a two thirds reduction in energy used for each car produced and a 14 % cut overall, delivering savings of 230 GWh— enough to power 11 500 houses for a year.

Unexpected energy use

One interesting initial result was the higher than expected amount of energy being used in our offi ces, so by monitoring we have been able to target these areas and develop local energy targets. This has provided us with an easy opportunity to reduce energy consumption. Another advantage of our new energy monitoring system is that it offers the ability to identify changes in energy use not only at site level, but also by technology area. Any spikes in energy from a particular area can now be investigated in the same way as any other incident.

Once the overall analysis was completed, a series of initiatives were undertaken such as improved heating and lighting, better controlled boiler and compressed air sys-tems, greater insulation, and more effi cient variable speed drives on new cars.

The introduction of an ISO 50001-based system has also infl uenced our approach to energy management. We now calculate our payback rates differently, not just by costs, but also by carbon costs. When purchasing new machinery, the preferential options will always be those recommended by the UK’s Carbon Trust, which allows us to benefi t from certain tax incentives.

ISO 50001 implementation was the logical next step. To fulfi l the requirements of the new International Standard, we began by conducting a gap analysis, the basis on which our improved energy monitoring system (EnMat) was developed. This system runs in real time providing detailed information on energy usage across the site, monitored by the environmental management team and distributed to local energy champions. From this we are able to observe energy output.

We have also enhanced communica-tion across the site by establishing energy champions. Energy review meetings are held monthly, with representation from senior management levels, so information is read-ily available across the company. This also ensures that a level of energy management is established from top to bottom.

Significant results

The results of these activities have been signifi cant. Between 2000 and 2010, the energy used on site for each car produced was reduced by two thirds, and by 14 % for the overall site. This has delivered savings of 230 GWh of energy – or in real

Photo : Bentley

Photo : Bentley


Over 70 years since the last victory, Bentley returned to win fi rst and second places at Le Mans in 2003. The winning car, No. 7, parades through Paris followed by the old ‘ Blower ’ Bentleys of the 1930s.

Bentley Motors has a rich motor racing history. Here, (left to right) are Frank Clements, W.O. Bentley, and John Duff with the 1924 Le Mans winning 3-litre Bentley, the fi rst of fi ve victories from 1924 to 1930.

terms – enough to power 11 500 houses for a year. These performance fi gures have been verifi ed in a complex audit carried out by independent certifi cation body Lloyds Register Quality Assurance.

waste recovery and recycling strategy is currently achieving a recycling rate of 77 %, quickly approaching Bentley’s target of 80 % recycling. Water usage is also being reduced, for example in the body coating process where consumption has been halved over the past decade and where we have plans to improve this performance still further.

Improved fuel economy

The impact of the site on the local envi-ronment is also seriously considered. One aspect of this involves minimizing vehicle traffi c in the Pyms Lane area where our site

is based. The company’s award winning “ green travel policy ” provides incentiv-ized alternatives to driving to work as the single occupant of a car. Despite being a car company with a generous car scheme (although not providing Bentleys !), around 19 % of employees cycle to work.

Of course, society will always judge Bentley on the environmental performance of its products. Developing our models to make them more environmentally effi cient is therefore fundamental to our future product plans. This was the rationale behind our environmental strategy announced in 2008.

The company is currently achieving a waste recycling rate of 77 %.

With 2012 as a target, we promised to reduce the fl eet average CO2 emissions from Bentley models by 15 %, to introduce fl exfuel compatibility, and to develop a new powertrain that, in itself, will deliver a 40 % improvement in fuel economy. I am delighted to say that all of these com-mitments have either been delivered or, in the case of the fl eet emissions, exceeded.

Everybody involved

Our dedication and determination to reduce energy has never been just a paper exercise. It is a determination shared by the entire workforce. Everybody at Crewe has undertaken to manage and monitor their use of energy, since we share a responsi-bility to the community in which we live and work. This is an area where Bentley likes to lead and one in which we will continue to lead.

Beyond energy management, Bentley is also reducing the impact of the plant on the environment in other areas. The company’s

Photo : Bentley

Photo : Bentley

Photo : Bentley


Going greenElectric cars drive down

pollution

by Philippe Dupuy and Gilles Demeaux

Today, car drivers are accustomed to “ mobility-based ” consump-tion. In a context of growing scarcity of raw materials, increasing demand for air quality improvements in urban and peri-urban areas, and reduction of global CO

2 emissions, electric vehicles represent one

of “ green ” mobility’s major challenges. Beyond the zero-emissions target, they are also a potential source of added value.

New mobility

An electric vehicle is a vehicle using electric propulsion which charges off the electric grid. Considerable efforts have been made by car manufacturers and the chemical industry to improve battery and vehicle performance. This will, in the near future, result in increased interaction between cars and the power grid : increased charge power, vehicle-to-grid technology allowing electric vehicles to feed electricity back into the grid, battery swapping and charging stations, etc.

These changes affecting mobility patterns will require close cooperation between car manufacturers, electric grid managers, utility and charging station operators. In addition, as electric vehicles are almost permanently connected to the Internet when they are connected to the grid for recharging, a large number of services will be developed and create new opportuni-ties in terms of interactions between users and their cars.

Systems interoperability

Consequently, imagination can prosper, provided it is in-line with standardization


Car of the future

New draft standards are being developed in order to address existing and

future issues related to electric vehicles :

• Minimal noise level emitted by electric-powered or hybrid vehicles at low

speed, so as to avoid risks of accidents with pedestrians in urban areas

• Energy consumption of electric vehicles, in order to standardize road profi les

based on types of usage by users, and to enable comparisons

• An inductive loading project whereby the charging process would happen

inductively without cables ; this approach would improve ergonomics and

facilitate the battery charging process for users

• Communication aspects, in particular intelligent transport systems (ITS)

representing a communication architecture for cooperative systems

• The future requirements of the “ Smart Grid ” project, an intelligent distribution

network allowing optimization of energy delivery and production based on

energy supply and demand. Electric vehicles are thus seen as a potential

energy saver which may feed power back smartly to potential users

• A French standard complementing a national regulation on maintenance aspects

and qualifi cations for working on electric vehicles, which spurs refl ection at

the European, or even, international levels. This standard addresses, inter

alia, issues related to emergency services (roadside assistance, fi re-fi ghter

interventions, etc.) in the event of an accident, and the handling of traction

battery swaps and their end-of-life management

• Work on the robotic battery swap stations as developed by the enterprise,

Better Place.

initiatives. These intertwined industrial sectors necessitate the development of solid references that are recognized by all. Indeed, convergence between the electric and the automotive sectors is necessary in order to ensure optimal interoperability of electric mobility systems and services. Standardization also plays a key role in providing a baseline for regulations so that state-of-the-art rules become obligations for all, thereby strengthening the systems that will be implemented. Finally, standardiza-tion will also facilitate cooperation between the various electric mobility stakeholders as well as interactions between local authorities and private companies (car park managers, charging station operators, equipment sup-pliers, etc.).

Connected participants

Standardization of electric vehicles has brought together two different fi elds : the automotive sector, on one hand, and the electric sector, on the other. Electricity infrastructures are essentially regulated and standardized at the local level. This consti-tutes a major barrier to proper convergence at the international and regional levels and, in particular, concerning the problem of socket-outlets and related safety aspects.

Standardization leads to convergence between the different stakeholders – car manufacturers, energy engineers, power supply operators and regulators – in order to introduce this new means of transportation in its surrounding environment.

International standardization of electric vehicles is carried out by two organizations: the International Electrotechnical Commis-sion (IEC), as regards electrical engineers, and ISO, as regards car manufacturers. As a consequence, care should be taken to avoid overlapping between both areas. The joint groups created for batteries and communications are meant to ensure proper coordination.

Regulatory impact

Standardization often becomes a prereq-uisite for the development or support of new regulations. As far as electric vehicles

Car drivers are accustomed to “ mobility-based ” consumption.


Philippe Dupuy is Project Manager, Electric vehicle recharging infras-tructures, Electric vehicle techni-cal department, at the Renault Technocentre in

Guyancourt, France. He is also the Vice Chairman of the European Committee for Standardization – European Commit-tee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CEN-CENELEC) Focus Group man-dated by the European Commission to propose standardization of interoperable charging systems intended for future smart grids. He is the Convenor of one of the seven working groups of the focus group dedicated to the different charging methods and types of power supply.

About the authors

Gilles Demeaux is in charge of standardization matters on energy, environment and electric vehicles at the Research and Development/Regulations/Type

Approval/Standards Department of PSA Peugeot-Citroën Group’s technical centre in Vélizy Villacoublay, France. He participates with other experts in the various national, European and interna-tional standardization groups, in order to coordinate and prepare the positions of the PSA Group. Consensus must be achieved among all stakeholders in order to create the new green mobility offered by electric vehicles.

Standardization is the necessary tool for creating the conditions for success of electric vehicles.

are concerned, it supports regulations R94 (frontal collision), R95 (lateral colli-sion), and R100 (safety of battery electric vehicles) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) in order to meet new safety requirements related to the electric architecture and sensitive com-ponents such as electric vehicle batteries.

Standardization also supports regulations on aspects such as Electromagnetic Compat-ibility (EMC), through regulation R10, in order to specify the operating conditions

of electric vehicles in terms of emissions and immunity when connected to the grid for recharging.

Sharing know-how

The electric vehicle market enables dif-ferent stakeholders to share their know-how and sense of technical and commercial innovations. Standardization is the neces-sary tool for creating the conditions for success of electric vehicles. Of course,

this emerging market generates a number of challenges for the various stakehold-ers concerned. For instance, a traditional electricity industry can be segmented in geographical areas, creating convergence problems or possible shortcomings in terms of interoperability of all electrical, technical and standardization components of electric vehicles.

It should be underlined that the quality of standardization work directly depends on the level of the participants involved in technical committees as well as proper coordination between the various relevant technical committees. The recent ISO/IEC Memorandum of Understanding concerning standardization of electrotechnology for road vehicles – and the discussions on the subject within the European Committee for Standardization – European Commit-tee for Electrotechnical Standardization Focus Group in Europe (CEN-CENELEC) – should facilitate the development of standards on electric mobility that live up to stakeholders’ expectations.


ures, hni-

Reguartment of PSA

entre

ool for cond

ss

know-l Focus GroupF

d facilitate the develoheobility that live up it

environmeelectric vehicle

earcop

Approval/Sta

Press releases www.iso.org

Fully Networked Car 2012 sets priorities for new ITS standards agenda

by Elizabeth Gasiorowski-Denis on 9 March 2012

Some 170 key automotive specialists take advantage of round tables to enable interactive discussions on core issues. (Photo : ITU)

This was the key fi nding from the 7th Fully Networked Car Workshop that was held at the Geneva International Motor Show 2012. The workshop was organized by the World Standards Cooperation (WSC), a partnership between IEC, ISO and ITU, and attended by automotive experts and specialists from around the world.

Rob Steele, ISO Secretary-General, on behalf of the WSC, said : “ We need to strengthen our engagement with the auto-motive industry and answer their needs. At ISO, we want to work more closely with not only our WSC partners, but also with key standards developing organizations

involved in this fi eld and participating in this workshop.

“ Let us be as clear and straight-forward as possible. With convergence of technolo-gies, there is a necessity for us to work much more closely together.”

The “ fully networked car ” workshop provided insights on how standards can improve automotive safety, reduce traffi c congestion and pollution, and provide a more secure driving experience.

Driving the main focus of the discussions was how and which standards can speed development of the fully networked car and its introduction into the market. The workshop was facilitated by the highly respected industry leader Richard Parry-Jones, former Vice President (Global Product Development), and Chief Technical Offi cer at Ford Motor Company.

Through a series of round table panels and discussions, the workshop explored topics, including :• Electric vehicles and electromobility• Vehicle safety and driver distraction• Regional ITS perspectives – The

African market• ITS communications• Standards for cooperative ITS.

Other areas for standardization activity to meet industry needs included :• Electric vehicles – concentrating on

the charging element, specifi cally to address physical connectivity and data communications needs of the charg-ing process

• ITS – a need to consider how data collected from the vehicle could be aggregated and used to provide

information to others using or con-trolling activity on the road :

• Safety – harnessing the network to enhance situational awareness and providing driver support to identify and react to potential hazards

• Using a layered architectural approach to planning standardization activity to reconcile the confl icting demands of standardization and com-petitive differentiation.

In addition, there was overall agree-ment on key areas of improvement for the standards-setting process, including• Facilitating stakeholder participation• Improving existing collaboration

among standards development bodies• Focusing on vehicle safety in order to

better engage industry.

The latest February 2012 issue of ISO’s magazine ISO Focus+, which was distributed to participants of the Fully Networked Car Workshop, highlights how International Standards can help build the car of the future.

At this year’s Fully Networked Car event, participants also took the opportunity to visit the Kia Motors exhibit and see the company’s work in vehicle communica-tions, prevention of driver distraction, and

active vehicle safety features.

ISO Secretary-General Rob Steele, on behalf of World Standards Cooperation (ITU, ISO, IEC), kicks-off the workshop, encouraging participants to engage in a lively debate. (Photo by ITU)

Vehicle connectivity and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) applications are the key priorities where standards development is needed to meet industry needs.

activfeat

Read more : ISO Focus+,

February 2012,

Future gear.


P r e s s r e l e a s e – w w w . i s o . o r g – N e w s > 2 0 1 2

Standardizers explore closer cooperation on electric vehicles

by Roger Frost on 14 February 2012

Left to right: Mario Beier (Project Manager, DIN Electromobility Offi ce), Rüdiger Marquardt (Vice Director of DIN), Kevin McKinley (ISO Deputy Secretary-General), Dr. Torsten Bahke (DIN Director), Rob Steele (ISO Secretary-General), Dr. David Schutt (CEO, SAE), Jack Pokrzywa (Director Ground Vehicles Standards, SAE)

ISO, the world's largest devel-oper of International Standards, and the US standards develop-ment organization, SAE Inter-national, are discussing closer cooperation on standards for electromobility and the automo-tive industry.

The two organizations investigated new possibilities for cooperative work on selected projects when leaders of the two organizations met on 7 February at the Berlin offi ces of ISO's member for Germany, DIN.

Cooperation between ISO and key standards development organizations such as SAE not only refl ects the automobile industry's desire for uniform global stand-ards, but is also explicitly recommended in a German Standardization Roadmap for Electromobility, hence DIN's close interest.

The meeting between ISO and SAE took place at DIN's invitation, thus making progress on recommendations in the Ger-man Roadmap. The ISO/SAE discussions in Berlin followed a series of preliminary talks held last year.

DIN's Electromobility Offi ce supports the elaboration of standards and specifi cations for the electromobility sector, and coordinates the development of a German standpoint on topics which can be introduced into inter-national standardization at an early stage.



No jolts !

Safe electric cars thanks to ISO standard

by Elizabeth Gasiorowski-Denis on 7 February 2012

Just how safe are electric cars ? Do you risk an electric shock ?

To respond to these fears, ISO has updated a standard on safety features in electric and hybrid cars to prevent elec-tricity-related injuries. ISO 6469-3:2011, Electrically propelled road vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part 3 : Protection of persons against electric shock, will assist the emerging worldwide market for electric cars.

“ The future will run on cleaner cars – fuel-effi cient, low or no emission vehicles, ” says Egbert Fritzsche, Secretary of ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22/SC 21 that developed the standard. “ We are working to support this future by developing ISO standards to make new automotive technologies ecologi-cal, effi cient, safe and effective.”

“ We want to make sure that carmak-ers have the best available standards and that electric shocks from electric cars are as unlikely as possible. ISO 6469-3 aims to do that.”

Let us face it : electric vehicles and their functioning remain largely unknown to the average car user of internal combus-tion engines. As the drive to electric cars continues to gain momentum, their safety will be crucial to assuring market penetra-tion and customer confi dence. To meet this challenge, a suite of standards is needed to support the growth and spread of electric cars, today and tomorrow.

ISO 6469-3:2011 gives safety require-ments for electric propulsion systems and conductively connected auxiliary electric systems, if any, of electrically propelled road vehicles. This third part is to be used in conjunction with ISO 6469 parts 1 and 2.

These two standards are already published under the following titles :• ISO 6469-1:2009, Electric road

vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part

1 : On-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS)

• ISO 6469-2:2009, Electric road vehi-cles – Safety specifi cations – Part 2 : Vehicle operational safety means and protection against failures

The suite of ISO 6469 standards are developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, specifi cally in subcommittee SC 21, Electrically propelled road vehicles.

ISO 6469-3:2011 is available from ISO national member institutes. It may also be obtained directly from the ISO Central Secretariat, price 80 Swiss francs respectively through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication & Information department.



High-tech vehicles – High-tech ISO safety standards

by Maria Lazarte on 10 January 2012

As vehicles become more complex, with new features like driver assistance systems or electronic-based functions, it is more impor-tant than ever to identify potential risks of software and hardware failures whose consequences could be fatal. For this purpose, ISO has published a new standard to ensure the functional safety of elec-trical and electronic systems in road vehicles.

The new standard, ISO 26262, Road vehicles – Functional safety :• Provides and supports an automo-

tive safety lifecycle (management, development, production, operation, service, decommissioning)

• Outlines an automotive-specifi c risk-based approach (automotive safety integrity levels)

• Helps avoid unreasonable residual risk

• Can be used to validate and confi rm safety levels

• Provides requirements for relations with suppliers.

Nicolas Becker, Project Leader of the group that developed the standard, explains, «Safety is one of the key issues of future automobile development, and it affects

all technologies, whether mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, elec-tronic, and so on. With more and more electronic-based systems integrated into cars, the need increases to ensure that any potential failures are averted or mitigated, so as to avoid any harm. There is a need for safe system development processes, and for the ability to provide evidence that all system safety goals are satisfi ed. The new ISO 26262 helps the industry do just that.»

ISO 26262 is the adaptation of IEC 61508, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related system, to the specifi c requirements of passenger cars and light utility vehicles. ISO 26262 can be used for all activities applying to the lifecycle of safety-related systems involving electrical, electronic software, during the development, produc-tion, management and service processes.

The standard consists of several parts, published in 2011, as follows :• Part 1 : Vocabulary

• Part 2 : Management of functional safety

• Part 3 : Concept phase

• Part 4 : Product development at the system level

• Part 5 : Product development at the hardware level

• Part 6 : Product development at the software level

• Part 7 : Production and operation

• Part 8 : Supporting processes

• Part 9 : Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL)-oriented and safety-oriented analyses.

ISO 26262, Road vehicles – Functional safety, was developed by ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, subcommittee SC 3, Electrical and electronic equipment. It is available from ISO national member institutes, and from ISO Central Secretariat through the ISO Store or by contacting the Market-ing, Communication & Information department.



Gorbachev opens ISO forum on standards for vehicle of the futureby Elizabeth Gasiorowski-Denis on 8 December 2011

Mikhail Gorbachev, the former Soviet statesman and winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace, was among the distinguished guests speaking at a high-level forum of automotive industry leaders organized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) on 2 December in 2011 in Geneva, Switzerland, at the in-vitation of the ISO President for 2011-2012, Dr. Boris Aleshin.

With more than a billion estimated road vehicles in use worldwide, if the automo-tive sector uses state-of-the-art standards for aspects such as safety, performance, impact on the environment, and require-ments for supply chain partners, this can have an enormous impact on all three dimensions of sustainable development – social, environmental and economic.

The ISO President’s Forum provided a unique opportunity for the automotive industry to engage with ISO and other standards developing organizations, and discuss the needs and priorities for Inter-national Standards in the sector in the coming years.

Some 35 automobile industry leaders from companies such as Audi, Daimler, Renault, Volkswagen, and Volvo provided direct input on what standards are needed to meet the challenges of the industry and those of its customers and stakeholders. At least eight standards developing organiza-tions were represented at the Forum.

As the event’s sponsor and host, ISO President Dr. Boris Aleshin highlighted the objectives of the Forum : “ Past and current successes should not allow us to fall into the trap of complacency. We can always do better and this is why ISO has invited you here for this rather unique event.”

In his opening remarks, Mr. Gorbachev said that “ Leaders in the automotive industry are now demonstrating greater understanding than simply developing the sector in a linear manner, i.e. increasing

productivity and developing new markets, that may lead to a dead end.”

He pointed out that 95 % of cars today run on oil. Mr. Gorbachev said that the car industry must continue their search for technical solutions to make cars lighter, more aerodynamic, and environmentally friendly, and to make the factories producing them more compact and cleaner.

The former President of the Soviet Union pointed out that the automotive industry has always been an innovative sector and was among the fi rst to demonstrate social accountability through measures such as collective agreements with unions, medical and social programmes, etc, adding, “ Now, it is time to demonstrate environmental responsibility. Ultimately, everyone will benefi t.”

In conclusion, Mr. Gorbachev said : “ We must all embrace the notion that we are only nature’s guests, rather than its managers or masters. If we understand this, then we will fi nd our way toward a new development model that will take shape in conjunction with nature, not in a race of consumerism. I am certain that although it is diffi cult, it can be done. I am an optimist.”

Driving the main focus of the discus-sions was how International Standards can support the development of “ the car of the future ”. The workshop was facilitated by the highly-respected industry leader Richard Parry-Jones, former Vice President (Global Product Development), and Chief Techni-cal Offi cer at Ford Motor Company until his retirement in 2007. Through a series

of discussions and roundtable panels, the workshop explored a number of related topics, including trends in urban mobility ; congestion and intelligent transport ; safety as a strategic issue ; and environment and sustainability issues.

Among the recommendations to emerge from the debate were standardization pri-orities which included :• International Standards supporting

electrifi cation of the vehicle• Connectivity and communications,

including applications-based data and communications ; and

• Key performance measures that are important to customers and regulators, such as indicators of environmental, energy and active safety performance.

In addition, there was overall agree-ment on key areas of improvement for the standards-setting process, including :1. Global standards are needed (not

regional ones) – a new approach and new methods of cooperation and fora are required, both for standards bodies and industry. Past approaches will not work.

2. A holistic, systems-wide approach is needed with all key stakeholders engaged to capture optimal system performance

3. Speed to shape regulation rather than follow it, to reassure custom-ers and drive scale. Mapping of key processes and elimination of time wastage in the current process is essential.

4. Achieve better balance between standards that can promote effi -ciency and those that can stifl e innovation. Consider partitioning standards according to appropriate areas of focus, such as :

– Performance– Interfaces– Architecture.

In concluding the Forum, Rob Steele, ISO Secretary-General, remarked : “ Industry has to tell standardizers what it needs and I appreciate the feedback provided today. I would also welcome the opportunity for even greater dialogue. Let’s take today’s output as a starting point. A forum for further exchanges would be useful between standardizers and industry experts to reach agreement on broader issues – and, most importantly, on how best to take action ! ”

Mikhail Gorbachev speaking at the ISO forum of industry leaders. Photo: Magali Girardin/ISO.



New ISO standard for pedestrian impact test drives

progress in safetyOn 25 October 2011

The number of pedestrian leg injuries caused by dangerous car design should be reduced thanks to an ISO International Standard defining a new crash test method.

According to the World Health Organiza-tion, road traffi c accidents kill more than one million people a year, injuring another thirty-eight million (fi ve million of them seriously). The death toll on the world’s roadways makes driving the number one cause of death and injury for people aged 15 to 44.

ISO 11096:2011, Road vehicles – Pedestrian protection – Impact test method for pedestrian thigh, leg and knee, sets out a test method to assess the protection of an adult pedestrian by simulating the

leg-impact conditions sustained during the car-to-pedestrian crash.

The goal is two-fold – to :• Provide information on pedestrian

safety to consumers• Induce manufacturers to develop

vehicles with excellent pedestrian protection.

Sukhbir Bilkhu, Chair of the ISO sub-committee that developed the standard, commented : “ The pedestrian impact test simulates accidents in which a pedestrian is hit by an oncoming vehicle. These accidents represent about 15 % of fatal crashes. Thanks to ISO 11096, we will make substantial progress in improving vehicle structure, and in so doing, reducing pedestrian lower-limb injuries.”

The test will assess the most hazard-ous areas of the bumper, bonnet leading

edge and bonnet of each model. This is done by fi ring dummy body parts at those areas, simulating accidents at 16 km/h and 20km/h on an adult pedestrian. The data gathered is then assessed, using internationally recognised protocols, and scores are determined for various parts of the crash test.

This work, based on scientifi c and bio-mechanical data gathered in collaboration with experts around the world, will be used by International Harmonized Research Activities (IHRA) Pedestrian Safety Working Group and the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29), Pedestrian Safety global technical regulation (PS gtr). It is also helping fulfi l the aims of the World Trade Organization Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (WTO TBT).

ISO 11096:2011, Road vehicles – Pedes-trian protection – Impact test method for pedestrian thigh, leg and knee, was developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, subcommit-tee SC 10, Impact test procedures, and is available from ISO national member institutes. It may also be obtained directly from the ISO Central Secretariat, price 106 Swiss francs, through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication & Information department.



ISO shapes future of electric vehicles

On 17 February 2011

ISO is helping to ensure the future of electric vehicles. ISO is the developer of more than 800 standards that are used every day, worldwide, by the international automotive industry to ensure safe and efficient vehicles, along with more than 100 standards for the increasingly important area of intelligent transport systems. An important element of this leadership is a recently updated agreement with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) to im-prove cooperation on standards for electric vehicles and automotive electronics.

ISO works with the IEC on a number of converging technologies, including information technology standards that have helped shape such essential features of modern life as the Internet, fi nancial services, healthcare, biometrics and infor-mation security.

The experts working on ISO committees recognize that the future is fuel-effi cient, environmentally friendly vehicles. Various technologies, including electrical batteries

and fuel cells, are currently being explored and tested by the industry, which is also looking at other fuels as an alternative to petroleum, such as natural gas and hydro-gen, all of which will require the creation of new types of vehicles and associated infrastructures – and new International Standards to make these global, ecological, effi cient, safe and effective.

Electric vehicles, in particular, necessi-tate important changes to vehicles and will

impose a potential impact on the electricity supply infrastructure when connected to the grid for recharging. The recent ISO/IEC Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) accordingly recognizes that when the vehicle is in autonomous (running) mode, vehicle manufacturers are responsible for defi ning the required standards – mainly developed by ISO. When connected to the grid, standards need to be agreed jointly between the vehicle manufacturers and the electricity supply industry as represented in the IEC.

The MoU is also designed to leverage the considerable evolution in vehicles from mechanical or hydraulic controls to elec-tronic systems. This evolution necessitates a stronger collaboration between vehicle manufacturers, principally represented in ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, and electronic component manufacturers active in a range of specifi c IEC committees.

ISO standards for the automotive industry cover all aspects vehicles : safety, ergonomics, performance, test methods, the environment, and the roll-out of innovative technologies. In relation to alternative power systems, ISO standards now under development by ISO/TC 22 address electrically propelled vehicles and vehicles powered by gaseous fuels.

For example, the updating and exten-sion of ISO 6469 is an important project to ensure the safe handling of electric vehicles. It is being adapted to the new challenges of battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), covering safety from electric hazards, on-board rechargeable energy store systems, protection against failures, etc.

Also under development is ISO 12405, which provides test specifications for lithium-Ion traction battery systems, and ISO 15118 on the interface between electric vehicles and the grid, including communication links and protocols.



Attention parents : New ISO standard promotes smart and user-friendly ISOFIX systems

On 16 February 2011

Ever installed a child car seat and were not 100 % sure that it was properly installed ? The ISOFIX attachment system for connecting the car seat to the vehicle – intended to make fit-ting child seats safe and simple– has just been improved thanks to a new ISO standard.

Let us face it : installing or removing a child car seat can be a tricky endeavor, particularly if you have more than one car. This is because car seats, seat belts, and their anchorages vary between different models of cars. This makes it sometimes tough to fi t a child car seat correctly or to know if it has been properly installed.

ISOFIX is designed to solve all these problems. The ultimate aim is that any ISOFIX child car seat you buy will fi t your car simply by plugging it into the ISOFIX

points. The other benefi t of ISOFIX is that it will create a rigid link between the child seat and the car to provide extra solidity.

In order to promote smart and user-friendly design, ISO 29061-1:2010, Road vehicles – Methods and criteria for usabil-ity evaluation of child restraint systems and their interface with vehicle anchor-age systems – Part 1 : Vehicles and child restraint systems equipped with ISOFIX anchorages and attachments, provides child restraint and car manufacturers with a tool for the assessment of the usability of new and current ISOFIX systems.

At the same time, ISO 29061-1 provides consumers (parents and caregivers) with information on the key features related to the proper use of the ISOFIX system. This will assist them in selecting car seats (also known as child restraint systems (CRS)) and vehicles with ISOFIX systems that are easy to use properly.

Prof. Lotta Jakobsson, Convenor of the team that developed the standard comments :

“ The usability of a child restraint system – in both correct installation and day-to-day use – is of utmost importance. This ensures that a child restraint system is used in accordance with the manufacturer’s intentions, and that it will function properly in a crash situation.

“ I foresee ISO 29061-1 benefi ting child seat and car manufacturers as a development tool, on the one hand, and consumers, on the other, by helping them select a user-friendly CRS for their purpose.”

The new standard addresses the usabil-ity of ISOFIX both in terms of the child restraint system (attachment system) and in terms of the vehicle (anchorage sys-tem), as well as the interaction of the two, emerging when child restraint systems are mounted in cars.

The rating system consists of an assess-ment form and a manual contained in ISO technical report ISO/TR 29061-2, currently under development. It has been developed with participation from, and based on the experiences from, usability rating systems from Canada, the USA and the European Union.

ISO 29061-1 was developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, subcommittee SC 12, Passive safety crash protection systems, working group WG 1, Child restraint systems in road vehicles.

ISO 29061-1:2010, Road vehicles – Meth-ods and criteria for usability evaluation of child restraint systems and their interface with vehicle anchorage systems, cost 106 Swiss francs each. They are available from ISO national member institutes, and from ISO Central Secretariat through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication and Information.



No road blocks with ISO standard for dashboard

symbolsOn 5 August 2010

From alerting drivers to tyre inflation problems and engine failure, or when to add fuel to the tank, the universal language of information symbols used in cars is contained in a new International Standard.

that could be created if multiple, confl icting symbols were used in vehicles.

The updated ISO 2575 standard for the fi rst time offers users a CD-ROM contain-ing all the graphical art to help ensure the symbols are actually displayed correctly in the vehicle. The art will be available in 3 different formats (Adobe Illustrator [ai], Encapsulated Postscript [eps], and Draw-ing Interchange Format [dxf]) to meet the needs of any vehicle graphics designer.

“ Not only are we providing the real vector graphic art, we are also providing users a complete list of the meanings of each symbol, ” said Dr. Gary Rupp, Pro-ject Leader of the new standard. “ Vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers will certainly want to obtain the CD-ROM. The information it contains should help ensure that any symbol that is displayed in your vehicle will be correctly drawn and will convey the correct intended meaning.”

The new standard compiles over 350 symbols (i.e. conventional signs) for use on controls, indicators and tell-tales. It also provides guidance on the proper colours of optical tell-tales, which inform the driver of either correct operation or malfunctioning of the related devices.

For example, red symbolizes danger to persons or very serious damage to equip-ment, immediate or imminent. Certain colours are also used for specifi c tell-tales, such as the colour blue for high beams.

The 8th edition of ISO 2575:2010 cancels and replaces ISO 2575:2004, which has been updated with new symbols for functions added in the light of evolving technology.

ISO 2575:2010, Road vehicles – Sym-bols for controls, indicators and tell-tales, was prepared by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, subcommittee SC 13, Ergonomics applicable to road vehicles. The standard and CD-ROM cost 158 Swiss francs each and are available from ISO national member institutes and from ISO Central Secretariat through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing & Communication department.

ISO 2575:2010, Road vehicles – Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales, com-municates information to drivers through a collection of symbols designed for use in passenger cars, light trucks, heavy

commercial trucks and buses, regardless of their make and model.

Based on international consensus reached within the major automotive manufacturers, these ISO symbols reduce the confusion



No fumbling at the steering wheel thanks to new ISO standard

On 8 April 2010

When you’re driving a rented or new car for the first time, one of the last things you want is having to fumble with the hand controls that operate locks, windows, windshield wipers and so on. An up-dated ISO standard provides solutions by giving design recommen-dations for hand controls that “ make sense ” for drivers.

ISO 12214:2010, Road vehicles – Direction-of-motion stereotypes for automotive hand controls, gives design recommendations for the operating motions of hand controls and a method of verifying whether they meet driver expectations, or «stereotypes». It will improve usability for all automotive users by designing hand controls that conform to driver needs and, in so doing, enhance driving comfort and convenience.

As a general rule, in order to create the strongest stereotype, the orientation and motion of the hand control should cor-respond to the orientation and motion of

the controlled element. Take, for instance, powered mirror controls. Direction labels shown on the four-way pad control and arrows on the joystick control indicate stereotypes for moving the mirror fi eld of view up, down, left or right.

According to John Shutko, Chair of the subcommittee that developed the new standard, the direction-of-motion stereo-types can have an important impact on the driver’s behaviour and usabilty.

“ Failure to conform to direction-of-motion stereotypes can lead to actuation errors, longer operating times and an increase in driver workload. The standard

will improve the ease of use with which the driver can recognize and use the motion of the controls, especially when the car is moving

ISO 12214:2010 will be used by design-ers, manufacturers, and suppliers of hand controls found in passenger, multipurpose and commercial vehicles and buses.

This second edition cancels and replaces the fi rst edition (ISO 12214:2002).

ISO 12214:2010, Road vehicles – Direc-tion-of-motion stereotypes for automotive hand controls, was developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, SC 13, Ergonomics applicable to road vehicles, and is available from ISO national member institutes. It may also be obtained directly from the ISO Central Secretariat, price 66 Swiss francs, through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication and Informa-tion department.



ISO specifi cation for car child seat detection system will

help reduce risk of injury from airbags

On 4 March 2010

Car air bags save thousands of lives each year. But they have also been known to cause injury, and, even death – with young children at greatest risk. A new three-part ISO technical specification is con-tributing a solution by reducing the risk of an airbag being deployed against a child seat in the event of a crash.

The specifi cation defi nes requirements for a child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD). Such a system enables child seats placed on any CPOD-equipped passenger seats to be automatically detected whenever a child is at risk from an active airbag. It uses radio frequency identifi cation (RFID) technology to obtain information on the following :• Presence of a child seat• Orientation of the child seat (forward

facing or rearward facing)• Child seat type identifi cation• System diagnostic.

Falk-Hagen Brämig, the CPOD project leader comments : “ The purpose of this detection system is to improve the overall safety performance of passenger restraint systems, particularly by reducing the risk of airbag deployment.”

“ This life-saving detection system has been made possible thanks to an interna-tional group of experts under the leadership of ISO’s technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles.”

The new technical specifi cation ISO/TS 22239, which is published under the general title, Road vehicles – Child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD), is intended to ensure that all CPOD systems are compatible with one another.

To improve ease of use, the specifi cation has been divided into three parts.

ISO/TS 22239-1 specifi es a child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD). It describes the main system functionality and provides design recom-mendations and requirements, as well as compatibility measurement requirements.

ISO/TS 22239-2 describes the CPOD resonator. It defines the electrical and environmental requirements to be met by the resonators as a condition for CPOD compatibility.

ISO/TS 22239-3 specifi es instructions for use as well as labelling requirements of child restraint systems and vehicles equipped with the CPOD.

The three-part technical specifi cation does not encourage the placing of children on the front passenger seats of cars. How-ever, in view of the fact that the following

scenarios do occur in real life, children can be placed on front passenger seats in these cases :• In 2-seater vehicles, which have no

rear seats• When there are more than two or

three children in one vehicle• When back seats are folded down for

the transport of cargo• When rearward-facing child restraint

system (CRS) is installed and the driver wants to see the baby and have easy access to it.

ISO/TS 22239 was developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, subcommittee SC 12, Passive safety crash protection systems, working group WG 1, Child restraint systems in road vehicles

ISO/TS 22239:2009, Road vehicles – Road vehicles – Child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD). Part 1 : Specifi cations and test methods. Part 2 : Resonator specification, and Part 3 : Labelling, cost 168 Swiss francs each. They are available from ISO national member institutes and from ISO Central Secretariat through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication and Information.



ISO gives car industry new interface to navigation systems

On 20 January 2010

As the car navigation industry has grown so has incompatibility between navigation systems and the databases that store important location information. Additionally, there is a need to more easily develop navigation system applications. ISO (International Organi-zation for Standardization) is contributing solutions to those issues with an International Standard for a navigation system application programming interface (API).

Car navigation systems use map data-bases to give precise driving directions, or to determine the vehicle’s location and provide information about nearby points of interest, such as restaurants and hotels. Some newer systems can also receive and display information on traffi c congestion and suggest alternate routes.

The new standard describes what data may be retrieved from a database, defi nes the interface for access and specifi es a set of navigation function calls. It also describes the design of the API and gives examples of its intended use. Furthermore, it specifi es the criteria used to determine if a data access library is in accordance with the standard.

“ Having an API that defi nes the methods that navigation system software develop-ers may use to select a travel destination, request a route to a destination, display the planned path, and guide a traveler to a destination will improve the effi ciency of the development of navigation systems, ” said Carl Stephen Smyth, Project Leader of the group in ISO technical committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, that developed the new standard.

While ISO 17267:2009 is primarily targeted at self-contained in-vehicle sys-tems, it is expected to be usable by other applications that use map data results in essentially the same way. For example, it may be usable in a client/server environment and/or by distributed navigation systems and location-based services without further specialization.

ISO 17267:2009 is not restricted to physical media and is independent of any underlying physical storage format.

ISO 17267:2009, Intelligent transport systems – Navigation systems – Applica-tion programming interface (API), was developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, and is available from ISO national member institutes. It may also be obtained directly from the ISO Central Secretariat, price 224 Swiss francs, through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication and Information department.

ISO 17267:2009, Intelligent transport systems – Navigation systems – Applica-tion programming interface (API), will help facilitate the interoperability between navigation systems and map databases by providing an interface that will make infor-mation accessible and retrievable as well as assist developers of navigation systems.



How safe are your brakes? ISO standard provides all-in-one

test On 13 January 2010

A new ISO standard is now available for testing brake pads to ensure drivers are getting the optimal safety and performance from their braking system.

A variety of brake pad testing methods are used today offering varying levels of accuracy and reliability. This verifi cation is known as “ wear testing ” of the pad mate-rial on braking systems. One of the main diffi culties truck and trailer manufacturers face is costly, time-consuming and multiple testing. These costs would be drastically reduced if the brake pad could be tested once and the safety results accepted in all markets.

ISO 26866:2009, Road vehicles – Brake lining friction materials – Standard wear test procedure for commercial vehicles with air brakes, gathers in one single pro-cedure all the available wear requirements of interest to manufacturers. It is intended to give users a good general overview of the wear behaviour of friction material – in less time than all individual tests combined.

ISO 26866:2009 was developed to pro-vide accurate and repeatable evaluation of the different tests, leading to reliable assessment of the effi ciency of pad material

on braking systems. It applies to various stages of the product’s life cycle, including product development, product prototypes, product specifi cation or validation, and ongoing series production.

“ This International Standard results from close collaboration with major car manufacturers, brake system and component manufacturers, leading testing services and standard development organizations, ” said Harald Abendroth, Convenor of the work-ing group that developed that standard.

“ It has been developed as part of the friction material globalization programme outlined in ISO 15484:2008, Road vehicles – Braking lining friction materials – Product defi nition and quality assurance.”

The new standard applies to commercial vehicles with air brakes in the categories M2, M3, N2, N3, O3 and O4, as defi ned in the United Nations Economic Commis-sion for Europe (UN/ECE) consolidated resolution on the construction of vehicles (UNECE R.E.3).

It is intended to be used in conjunction with other applicable standards or test procedures to fully assess the adequacy of friction material for use in a certain application, market or vehicle platform.

Michael Rohde, Project Leader of the standard, underlines the signifi cance of the new publication : “ The harmonization of commercial vehicle applications is no longer just a long-term goal. It is a reality with the new ISO 26866. The automotive industry stands to gain substantial benefi ts, including time and cost savings.”

ISO 26866:2009, Road vehicles – Brake lining friction materials – Standard wear test procedure for commercial vehicles with air brakes, was developed by ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, subcommittee SC 2, Braking systems and equipment and is available from ISO national member institutes. It may also be obtained directly from the ISO Central Secretariat, price 74 Swiss francs, through the ISO Store or by contacting the Marketing, Communication and Informa-tion department.



Road vehicles Running on ISO standards

by Roger Frost

ISO has just published a new brochure, ISO & road vehicles, giving a concise overview of its substantial portfolio of International Standards that share state-of-the-art technology and good practice with the auto-motive sector worldwide.

test methods, the environment, and the roll-out of innovative technologies.

The focus of much of this work is ISO technical committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, which has so far developed more than 700 standards and updates. These range from standards addressing basics such as wheels, braking systems and road holding ability, to crash protection, child restraint systems and ergonomics. Many aim to improve compatibility, interchangeability and safety, or to provide the requirements for harmonized test procedures for evaluat-ing performance.

Increasingly, road vehicles are integrated with systems and networks based on infor-mation and communication technologies with varied objectives such as safety, traf-fi c control, navigation, fee collection and identifi cation. Today’s communications capabilities give the potential for vehicles

“ Clearly, with more than a billion esti-mated road vehicles in use worldwide,” the brochure states, “ if the automotive sector uses state-of-the-art standards for aspects such as safety, impact on the environment, and requirements for supply chain partners, this can have an enormous impact on all three dimensions of sustainable develop-ment – social, environmental and economic.

“ The importance of this challenge is refl ected by ISO’s response. Out of a current total of over 19 000 ISO International Stan-dards for almost all sectors of business and technology, some 900 have been developed for road vehicles and related technologies.”

ISO standards provide benefits for manufacturers and supply chain partners; regulators and health authorities; vehicle owners and drivers, and road users including pedestrians. They cover all aspects of road vehicles: safety, ergonomics, performance,

to foresee and avoid collisions, transmit their position to emergency services in case of an accident, navigate the quickest route to their destination, make use of up-to-the-minute traffi c reports, identify the nearest available parking slot, minimize their carbon emissions and provide multimedia communications.

ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, is the principal focus in this area and has developed more than 110 standards and updates. Twenty-six countries participate with another 24 as observers.

ISO/TC 31, Tyres, rims and valves, has developed some 75 standards and updates. Twenty-one countries participate with another 26 as observers.

The technical specifi cation ISO/TS 16949 has become the global benchmark for qual-

ity management by automotive suppliers. Certifica-

tion of conformity to ISO/TS 16949 is often

required of suppliers by the automobile manu-

facturers as a condition to tender for participation

in global supply chains.The future ISO 39001,

Road traffic safety (RTS)management systems, being

developed by ISO project com-mittee ISO/PC 241, Road safety

management, is widely regarded as a major contribution to the United

Nations’ Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020.

ISO standards now under devel-opment address alternative power

systems promising less pollution and therefore contributing to the fi ght against climate change. These include standards for electrically propelled vehicles and vehicles powered by gaseous fuels, as well as for the infrastructures necessary to support them.

ISO & road vehicles, published in Eng-lish and French, is available free of charge from the ISO Central Secretariat through the ISO Store (www.iso.org) or by con-tacting the Marketing, Communication & Information department ([email protected]).It can also be obtained from ISO national member institutes. The brochure can also be downloaded as a PDF fi le free of charge from the ISO Website.

Roger Frost is Head of Communication Services,

ISO Central Secretariat.


N e w R e l e a s e I S O F o c u s +


ISO’s collection of standards for electric vehicles

Reference Document title

ISO 6469-1 :2009 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part 1 : On-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS)

ISO 6469-2 :2009 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part 2 : Vehicle operational safety means and protection against failures

ISO 6469-3 :2011 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part 3 : Protection of persons against electric shock

ISO 8713 :2005 Electric road vehicles – Vocabulary

ISO 8714 :2002 Electric road vehicles – Reference energy consumption and range – Test procedures for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles

ISO 8715 :2001 Electric road vehicles – Road operating characteristics

ISO/TR 11954 :2008 Fuel cell road vehicles – Maximum speed measurement

ISO/TR 11955 :2008 Hybrid-electric road vehicles – Guidelines for charge balance measurement

ISO 12405-1 :2011 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Test specifi cation for lithium-ion traction battery packs and systems – Part 1 : High-power applications

ISO 12405-2:2012 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Test specifi cation for lithium-ion traction battery packs and systems – Part 2: High-energy applications

ISO 23273-2 :2006 Fuel cell road vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part 2 : Protection against hydrogen hazards for vehicles fuelled with compressed hydrogen

ISO 23274 :2007 Hybrid-electric road vehicles – Exhaust emissions and fuel consumption measurements – Non-externally chargeable vehicles

ISO 23828 :2008 Fuel cell road vehicles - Energy consumption measurement – Vehicles fuelled with compressed hydrogen

ISO 7637-1 :2002 Road vehicles – Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling – Part 1 : Defi nitions and general considerations

ISO 7637-1:2002/Amd 1:2008 Road vehicles – Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling – Part 1 : Defi nitions and general considerations – Amendment 1

ISO 7637-2 :2011 Road vehicles – Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling – Part 2 : Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only



ISO 7637-3 :2007 Road vehicles – Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling – Part 3 : Electrical transient transmission by capacitive and inductive coupling via lines other than supply lines

ISO 9458 :1988 Passenger cars – Starter motor electrical connections

ISO 10605 :2008 Road vehicles – Test methods for electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge

ISO 10605 :2008/Cor 1:2010 Road vehicles – Test methods for electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge – Technical Corrigendum 1

ISO 11451-1 :2005 Road vehicles – Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 1 : General principles and terminology

ISO 11451-1 :2005/Amd 1 :2008

Road vehicles – Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 1 : General principles and terminology – Amendment 1

ISO 11451-2 :2005 Road vehicles – Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 2 : Off-vehicle radiation sources

ISO 11451-3 :2007 Road vehicles – Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 3 : On-board transmitter simulation

ISO 11451-4 :2006 Road vehicles – Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 4 : Bulk current injection (BCI)

ISO 11452-1 :2005 Road vehicles – Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 1 : General principles and terminology

ISO 11452-1:2005/Amd 1:2008

Road vehicles – Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy – Part 1 : General principles and terminology – Amendment 1

ISO 16750-1 :2006 Road vehicles – Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment – Part 1 : General

ISO 16750-2 :2010 Road vehicles – Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment – Part 2 : Electrical loads

ISO 16750-3 :2007 Road vehicles – Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment – Part 3 : Mechanical loads

ISO 16750-4 :2010 Road vehicles – Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment – Part 4 : Climatic loads

ISO 16750-5 :2010 Road vehicles – Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment – Part 5 : Chemical loads

ISO 20653 :2006 Road vehicles – Degrees of protection (IP-Code) – Protection of electrical equipment against foreign objects, water and access



ISO 26262-1 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 1 : Vocabulary

ISO 26262-2 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 2 : Management of functional safety

ISO 26262-3 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 3 : Concept phase

ISO 26262-4 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 4 : Product development at the system level

ISO 26262-5 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 5 : Product development at the hardware level

ISO 26262-6 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 6 : Product development at the software level

ISO 26262-7 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 7 : Production and operation

ISO 26262-8 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 8 : Supporting processes

ISO 26262-9 :2011 Road vehicles – Functional safety – Part 9 : Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL)-oriented and safety-oriented analyses

ISO 23273-1 :2006 Fuel cell road vehicles – Safety specifi cations – Part 1 : Vehicle functional safety

ISO 12405-2 :2012 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Test specifi cation for lithium-ion traction battery packs and systems – Part 2 : High-energy applications

Resources

ISO’s Websitewww.iso.org

(in English and French, with top levels in Russianand individual publications in other languages)

ISO Focus+ magazinewww.iso.org/iso/iso-focus-plus

(10 editions annually in English and French)

ISO videoswww.iso.org/youtube

Follow us on Twitter !www.iso.org/twitter

Join us on Facebook !www.iso.org/facebook

Follow us on GooglePlus !www.iso.org/gplus

Contact the ISO member in your countrywww.iso.org/isomembers

(((iii

ISO Centra l Secre tar ia t1, ch. de la Voie -C reuse

Case pos ta le 56 CH-1211 Genève 20

Swi t zer land

Te l . +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 733 34 30E-mai l cent [email protected]

Web w w w.iso.org

ISBN 978 -92- 67-10593 -2

© ISO – Oc tobe r 2012

Web w w

10593 -2

749 01 11

ISB

© ISO – Oc tobe r 2012

cars compilation

Engineering

iso international standards

iso standards pro

stateoftheart iso standards

iso specication

new iso standard

iso forum

brief iso

art standards