carolyn j. merry ncrst-flows the ohio state university
TRANSCRIPT
Available sensors
Current satellite sensors Wavelength region – spectral resolution Area of coverage Spatial resolution Costs of imagery Projected uses in transportation flow
applications
Satellite systems
Landsat-7 – Enhanced Thematic
Mapper Plus (ETM+) SPOT-4, -5 – High Resolution
Visible (HRV) Ikonos-2 Quickbird-2
Landsat-7 satellite
705-km altitude
16-day repeat cycle
185-km swath width
Descending node at 10:00 - +15 min.
Whisk-broom scanner
Radiometric resolution: 28 (256 levels)
Landsat MSS sensor – 920 km altitude Landsat-1 (23 Jul 72 - 6 Jan 78) Landsat-2 (22 Jan 75 - 25 Feb 82) Landsat-3 (5 Mar 78 - 31 Mar 83)
Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+ – 705 km altitude Landsat-4 (16 July 82 - present) Landsat-5 (1 Mar 84 - present) Landsat-6 (5 Oct 93 – lost shortly after launch) Landsat-7 (15 Apr 99 - present)
Landsat data availability
Landsat-7 imagery
15-m pan (0.52-0.90 µm)6-band multispectral (XS) – 30-m
0.45-0.52 µm (blue), 0.53-0.60 µm (green), 0.63-0.69 (red)0.76-0.90 (near IR), 1.55-1.75 µm (mid IR), 2.07-2.35 µm (mid IR)10.4-12.5 µm (thermal IR – 60 m)
Image data ~$600/scene (185 by 185 km)Web site: http:/edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/EarthExplorer/
ETM+ Band 10.45-0.52 m
ETM+ Band 20.53-0.60 m
ETM+ Band 30.63-0.69 m
ETM+ Band 40.76-0.90 m
ETM+ Band 51.55-1.75 m
ETM+ Band 610.4-12.5 m
ETM+ Band 72.07-2.35 m
ETM+ PAN Band 0.52-0.90 m
Landsat-7 spectral bands
Landsat-7 spatial resolution
False Color Composite (4,3,2)
True Color Composite (3,2,1) 15M PAN Band
Information content
Highway centerline – principally interstates & wider roads
General utility line mapping & routing Land use mapping for corridor studies –
USGS level I, II Monitoring urban heat island effect
SPOT-1, -2, -3 satellites
822-km altitude 98° inclination – sun-
synchronous orbit 101-minute orbit, 26-day
repeat cycle, allows 1-2 day
revisit 2 HRVs; CCDs – 6000
detectors; 60-km swath
French SPOT satellites SPOT-1 (22 Feb 86 – 31 Dec 90) SPOT-2 (22 Jan 90 – present) SPOT-3 (26 Sep 93 – 14 Nov 97) SPOT-4 (24 Mar 98 – present) SPOT-5 (3 May 02 – present) Web site: http://www.spot.com
SPOT-1, -2, -3 satellites 10-m pan (0.51- 0.70 µm) 3-band multispectral (XS) – 20-m
0.50-0.59 µm (green), 0.61-0.68 (red), 0.79-0.89 (near
IR)
Off-nadir viewing capability (+27°) Allows us to acquire stereo pairs
Image data ~$2000/scene for level 1B data (60 km by 60 km, up to 80 km by 60 km for off-
nadir scenes)
SPOT-4 satellite
2 HRVIR Instruments – 10, 20 m resolution
Pan – 0.61-0.68 µm XS – green (0.50-0.59 m); red (0.61-0.68 µm); near IR
(0.79-0.89 µm); mid IR (1.58-1.75 µm)
SPOT-5 satellite
3 May 2002 launch; 830-km orbit HRG (High Resolution Geometry) – 12,000 CCD
array 2.5 m & 5 m pan (instead of 10 m) 10 m 3-band XS (instead of 20 m); 20 m for mid
IR In-line stereo – fore, aft, nadir 10 m planimetric accuracy; 5 m elevation accuracy –
~1:50,000 map scale
SPOT-2 spectral bands
SPOT Band 1, 0.50-0.59 m
SPOT Band 2, 0.61-0.68 m SPOT Band 3, 0.79-0.89 m
SPOT, Color Composite (3,2,1)
Information content
Highway centerline – interstates, roads with
better road definition General utility line mapping & routing Land use mapping for corridor studies – USGS
level I, II
Hyperspectral data – EO-1 satellite
Hyperion sensor 242 spectral bands (0.4-2.5 µm) – 30 m
resolution 7.5 by 100 km area Research imagery – NASA investigators
Information content
Highway centerline – principally interstates, &
wider roads General utility line mapping & routing Land use mapping for corridor studies – USGS
level I, II Material type of roads – asphalt, concrete
Commercial companies
Space Imaging, Inc. – Thornton, CO
www.spaceimaging.com
EarthWatch, Inc. – Longmont, CO
www.digitalglobe.com
Space Imaging – Ikonos-2
Launched 24 Sept 99 Sun-synchronous, polar-orbiting 680 km altitude, 98.1° inclination ±26° off-nadir collection, 1-day revisit 10:30 local time 11 x 11 km scene size 11-bit data
Space Imaging – Ikonos-2 1-m pan – 0.45-0.90 µm
1:24,000 scale (12.2 m w/o ground control) 1:2,400 scale (2 m with ground control)
4-m multispectral sensor 0.45-0.52 µm (blue) 0.52-0.60 µm (green) 0.63-0.69 µm (red) 0.76-0.90 µm (near IR)
$97-$211/sq mi for 1-m pan or 4-m XS, depending on
orthorectification process Ikonos model data products – DEMs
15-m & 30-m postings (7 m vertical accuracy)
Ikonos Band 3 0.63-0.69 m
Ikonos Band 1 0.45-0.52 m Ikonos Band 2 0.52-0.60 m
Ikonos Band 4 0.76-0.90 m
Ikonos spectral bands
EarthWatch, Inc. – QuickBird-2
18 October 2001 launch 450 km altitude; off-nadir viewing (+25°) 0.61-m pan (0.45-0.90 µm) 2.44-m multispectral
0.45-0.52 µm (blue) 0.52-0.60 µm (green) 0.63-0.69 µm (red) 0.76-0.90 µm (near IR)
16.5-km image swath 11-bit data
Denver, CO – 17 July 200260 cm natural color pan-sharpened
Paris, France – Champs-Elysées27 Mar 02 – 61-cm pan
Source: www.digitalglobe.com
QuicKBird-2 sample image
Dresden, Germany – 2.4 m natural color XS22 Aug 02 recent flooding
Yokohama, Japan – 9 Mar 0261-cm natural color pan-
sharpenedSource: www.digitalglobe.com
QuicKBird-2 sample image
Information content
Transportation infrastructure - detailed road centerline with road width
Detect vehicles on roads for traffic count studies Disaster emergency response – pre- & post-imagery,
damaged housing stock, damaged transportation, damaged utilities & services
Building & property infrastructure – building perimeter, area, height & cadastral information (property lines)
Land use/land cover for corridor studies – USGS level I, II, III, IV