carl wirdak occidental petroleum corporation gemi survey water use, issues & management march...
TRANSCRIPT
Carl WirdakOccidental Petroleum Corporation
GEMI Survey
Water Use, Issues & Management
March 2001
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 2
Outline
• Survey Recap• Background
– Sources and uses of water– Discharges & compliance
• Commitment– R&D, people and planning
• Issues– Awareness & Impact– Advocacy
• Key Themes
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 3
Survey Overview
• Intended to cover all activities – manufacturing, transportation/distribution, product
formulation and use, etc.
• Survey response rate = 80% – 27 companies responded to the survey– Not all companies completed all questions
• Broad industry coverage– Chemicals, semiconductor, oil/gas, consumer
products, pharmaceuticals, food/beverage, forest products, energy, steel, transportation, etc.
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 4
Source
50% rely on public/private water systems
Ground Water - Fresh14%
Surface Water - Fresh27%
Public or Private Water System50%
Ground Water - Saline3%
Surface Water - Saline6%
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 5
Water Discharges
• One-half of the water discharged is treated on-site
• 10% (primarily cooling water) is discharged untreated
• Significant amount is treated in POTWs
Other 1%Estuary 3%
Injection 5%
Ocean 12%
POTW 34%
Fresh Water 46%
Wastewater Receptors
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 6
Usage
~40% of usage is related to heat transfer
Materials Processing Aid or
Solvent24%
Steam or Power Generation
15%
Raw Material10%
Cleaning8%
Potable or Sanitary Uses
6%
Cooling Medium26%
Other2%Emissions Control
4%
Oil and Gas Production Activities
4%
Landscape Irrigation
1%
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 7
Key Theme
Water, water everywhere, but barely a drop for drinking
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 8
Measurement & Reporting
Measure PublicReport
Intake 93% 44%Discharged (ex. storm water) 93% 44%Used / processed 67% 19%Storm water discharged 48% 22%Recycled 44% 7%In product / evaporated 41% 7%
• Measurement appears driven by operational or compliance requirements
• Public reporting varies• What does the publicly reported data mean?
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 9
Discharge Monitoring
Parameters Monthly Quarterly Annually<5 23% 44% 28%
5 - 10 36% 31% 29%11 - 25 27% 13% 21%
>25 14% 12% 21%
Monitoring represents a significant burden
Parameters include:BOD, pH, TSS, COD, Solids, Oil & Grease, Ammonia, TOC, Oxygen, Fecal coliform, Toxic Organics, Flow, Metals, BTEX, Temperature, Cyanide, TOC, Whole Effluent Toxicity, ...
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 10
57%
40%
11%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Exceedances
NOVs
Audit Findings
Compliance
16 GEMI companies
Mismanagement has consequences
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 11
Key Theme
Compliance can be slippery when wet
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 12
Research & Development
• About half of GEMI companies are involved in water / wastewater R&D
• Common areas of investigation– minimization, recycling & processing:
• ultra-pure technology• cooling water treatment• re-injection (oil & gas)
– contaminant fate & effect studies– wastewater treatment technology
• membrane filtration• odor control
• metals removal• biological treatment
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 13
Water Specialty Personnel
0
3
6
9
12
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
< FTE/Billion $
Co
mp
anie
s at
hea
dco
un
t sh
ow
n
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Frequency Cumulative %
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 14
Key Theme
The budget allocated to water is a drop in the bucket for
most companies
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 15
Water Policy and Planning
• Over one-half have water-related policy
• ~55% consider water in business planning, most at business unit level or higher
• ~75% have some form of explicit policy or plan addressing water
• Over 25% are in the “No - No” category
No Yes
Water in Business Plans
No
Po
licy
Co
nce
rnin
g W
ate
rY
es 105
57
Number of Companies
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 16
Awareness of Water Issues
• EHS staff personnel broadly perceive importance of water issues• Outside of EHS staff, companies with some form of explicit water
policy or consider water in business planning have 50% higher average awareness than those companies that don’t
0
5Senior / Executive Management
Business / RegionalManagement
Engineering / Operations /Production Management
EHS Staff
Facility Operating Staff & LineEmployees
Explicit Policy or Plan Informal Consideration
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 17
Key Theme
Without a policy or plan, awareness often goes down
the drain
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 18
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Current Issues
• Operations appear more broadly impacted than markets
• Treatment and disposal of wastewater and storm water remain a key operations issue
• Supply-related issues are present
• Is there a potential “gap” on management’s radar screen?
Operations
Markets
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 19
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0 2 4 6 8 10
Issue Impact
• Median impact of issue ranges from 2.5 to 7 years
• The most common pressing issue is the treatment and disposal of wastewater and storm water
• Supply-related issues have longer latency
Years to Impact
Cum
ulat
ive
Fre
quen
cy
Emerging Issues Envelope
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 20
Key Theme
Water issues are fluid
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 21
Advocacy
• >50% of U.S. water issues have minor business impact
• Perceived understanding of issue generally high, but...
• Wide variation among GEMI members
• Water issues are on the advocacy agenda, but generally ranked at middle level
U.S. Regulatory Issues
1
3
5
1 3 5
Understanding
Imp
act
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 22
“Hot” Advocacy IssuesDisposal
• Cost of treatment/disposal
• Effluent guidelines
• Mixing zones
• Pharmaceuticals in water
• Remediation
• Site discharge standards
• Storm water
• TMDL
• UIC
Supply & Other
• Endangered species
• Wetlands
• WQ standards
• Cooling water intake structures
• Supply availability
• Supply pricing
• Treatment of supply
Where Are Issues Worked?
0%
10%
20%
30%
Global National State Local
Disposal Supply & Other
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 23
Key Theme
Advocacy efforts go with the flow
WATER USE, ISSUES & MANAGEMENT 24
Key Themes
• Water, water everywhere, but barely a drop for drinking
• Compliance can be slippery when wet
• The budget allocated to water is a drop in the bucket for most companies
• Without a policy or plan, awareness often goes down the drain
• Water issues are fluid
• Advocacy efforts go with the flow